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The Church of Iceland, officially the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland, is the national church of Iceland. The church is Christian and professes the Lutheran faith. It is a member of the Lutheran World Federation, the Porvoo Communion, the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe, and the World Council of Churches.
Skálholt is a historical site in the south of Iceland, at the river Hvítá.
Hólar is a small community in the Skagafjörður district of northern Iceland.
Jón Ögmundsson or Ogmundarson, also known as John of Holar and Jon Helgi Ogmundarson, was an Icelandic Catholic bishop. In 1106, the second Icelandic diocese, Hólar, was created in the north of Iceland, and Jón was appointed its first bishop. He served as bishop there until his death.
Religion in Iceland has been predominantly Christianity since its adoption as the state religion by the Althing under the influence of Olaf Tryggvason, the king of Norway, in 999/1000 CE. Until then, in the 9th and 10th centuries, the prevailing religion among the early Icelanders — who were mostly Norwegian settlers fleeing Harald Fairhair's monarchical centralisation in 872–930, with some Swedes and Norse British settlers — was the northern Germanic religion, which persisted for centuries even after the official Christianisation of the state.
The Catholic Church in Iceland is part of the Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope. The island is served by a single diocese, the Diocese of Reykjavík, having a total of seven parishes. As of 2015, the ordinary is bishop Dávid Bartimej Tencer. The diocese is directly subject to the Holy See.
The Diocese of Skálholt is a suffragan diocese of the Church of Iceland. It was the estate of the first bishop in Iceland, Isleifr Gizurarson, who became bishop in 1056.. His son, Gizurr, donated it to become the official see. The Diocese was amalgamated in 1801 and now forms part of the Diocese of Iceland under the leadership of the Bishop of Iceland. In 1909, the diocese was restored as a suffragan see, with the Bishop of Skálholt being a suffragan bishop to the Bishop of Iceland.
Gissur Ísleifsson was an Icelandic clergyman who, in 1082, became the second Catholic bishop of Iceland in the aftermath of the adoption of Christianity by the island's inhabitants. He followed in the footsteps of his father, Ísleifur Gissurarson (1006–1080), Iceland's first bishop, who established the initial episcopal see at the family homestead in Skálholt and served from 1056 until his death in 1080, Gissur Ísleifsson continued his mission at Skálholt for the next 36 years, with his own death coming in the year 1118.
Gissurarson is a surname of Icelandic origin, meaning son of Gissur. In Icelandic names, the name is not strictly a surname, but a patronymic. The name refers to:
Germany–Iceland relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Iceland. Both countries are also members of the OECD, the OSCE, the CBSS and the Schengen Area.
This is a timeline of Icelandic history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Iceland and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see history of Iceland.
Oddur Gottskálksson was the translator of the first book printed in Icelandic, the New Testament.
The Icelandic Reformation took place in the middle of the 16th century. Iceland was at this time a territory ruled by Denmark-Norway, and Lutheran religious reform was imposed on the Icelanders by King Christian III of Denmark. Resistance to the Icelandic Reformation ended with the execution of Jón Arason, Catholic bishop of Hólar, and his two sons, in 1550.
The history of Christianity in Iceland can be traced back to the Early Middle Ages when Irish hermits settled in Iceland, at least a century before the arrival of the first Norse settlers in the 870s. Christianity started to spread among the Icelanders at the end of the 10th century. The adoption of the new faith by the whole population was the consequence of a compromise between the Christian and heathen chieftains, as well as the lawspeaker, at the national assembly or Alþingi of 999 or 1000.
The bishops' saga is a genre of medieval Icelandic sagas, mostly thirteenth- and earlier fourteenth-century prose histories dealing with bishops of Iceland's two medieval dioceses of Skálholt and Hólar.
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Skálholt has been a titular see of the Catholic Church since 1968. It was the estate of the first bishop in Iceland, Isleifr Gizurarson, who became bishop in 1056. Christianity had been formally adopted in 1000. His son, Gizurr, donated it to become the official see of the Diocese. It ceased its functions as a Roman Catholic diocese with the Reformation.
Geir Vídalín Jónsson was an Icelandic prelate who was the last diocesan Bishop of Skálholt from 1797 till 1801 when he became the first Bishop of Iceland.
’Marteinn Einarsson was bishop of Skálholt from 1548 to 1556. He was the second Lutheran bishop and was directly involved in the Icelandic Reformation.
Þorlákur Skúlason was bishop of Hólar from 1628 until his death in 1656. During his tenure, he oversaw publication of the second Icelandic translation of the full Bible.
References
- ↑ "Isleif Gissurarson av Skálholt (~1006-1080)". Den katolske kirke. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
- ↑ "Gissur Ísleifsson av Skálholt (~1042-1118)". katolsk.no. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
- ↑ "Jón Ögmundsson av Hólar (1052-1121)". Den katolske kirke. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
