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13th Division (1950–53) | |
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Active | 1950.1 - 1953.5 |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Branch | People's Liberation Army |
Type | Division |
Role | Infantry |
Part of | 5th Corps |
Engagements | Chinese Civil War |
The 13th Division (Chinese :第13师) was created in January 1950 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, [1] basing on the forces from Xinjiang National Army.
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases not mutually intelligible, language varieties, forming the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese is spoken by the Han majority and many minority ethnic groups in China. About 1.2 billion people speak some form of Chinese as their first language.
The Ili National Army was the army of the East Turkestan Republic (ETR) that originally consisted of six regiments: the Suidun Infantry Regiment, the Ghulja Regiment, the Kensai Regiment, the Ghulja Reserve Regiment, the Kazakh Cavalry Regiment, the Dungan Regiment, the Artillery Subdivision, the Sibo Subdivision, and the Mongol Subdivision. The last two subdivisions were later reformed to regiments. All regiments were armed with mostly German-made weapons, provided by the Soviet Union by order of Joseph Vallieres; its personnel was trained in the Soviet Union. Rebel aviation included 42 airplanes, captured in Ghulja Kuomintang air base and repaired by Soviet military personnel.
The division is part of 5th Corps. Under the flag of 13th division it took part in several battles and fights against anti-communist rebels during the incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China. In May 1953 it was disbanded and became Kashgar Military sub-district. Its 40th Regiment was reorganized and renamed as 3rd Cavalry Regiment, Xinjiang Military Region.
The incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China in 1949, also known in Chinese historiography as the Peaceful Liberation of Xinjiang, refers to the takeover of Xinjiang by the Chinese Communists and the People's Liberation Army, largely through political means, in the waning days of the Chinese Civil War.
As of disbandment division was composed of:
The 3rd Division (1st Formation) was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 7th Independent Brigade, 1st Column of the PLA Northwestern Field Army. Its history can be traced to the 7th Independent Brigade, Jinsui Military District, formed in December 1947.
The 20th Division(1st Formation)(Chinese: 第20师) was created in March 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 12th Independent Brigade, 7th Column of PLA Northwestern Field Army. Its history could be traced to 12th Independent Brigade of Jinsui Military District formed in July 1948.
The 95th Division was created in March 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 5th New-formed Division, Jiaodong Column of the PLA Huadong Military District. 5th New-formed Division was formed in March 1948.
The 166th Division was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 4th Independent Division, PLA Northeastern Field Army. The 166th Division was a Korean unit, composing of mostly Korean officers and soldiers.
The 30th Division( was created on June 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on Independent Division of Wanbei Military District. Its history could be trace to Independent Brigade of Wanbei Military District formed in June 1948.
The 212th Division was created in July 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 313th and 314th Division, 128th Corps, 19th Army Group of Republic of China Army defected in May 1949.
The 4th Division was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 4th Independent Brigade, 2nd Column of the PLA Northwest Field Army. Its history can be traced to the 4th Independent Brigade of Lvliang Military District, formed in November 1945.
The 21st Division(Chinese: 第21师) was created in June 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 5th Independent Brigade PLA Huabei Military Region. Its history could be traced to 2nd Independent Brigade of Jinzhong Military District formed in October 1948.
The 23rd Division(Chinese: 第23师) was created In January 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 14th Independent Brigade, 8th Column of PLA Northwestern Field Army. Its history could be traced to 14th Independent Brigade of Jinsui Military District formed in September 1948.
The 51st Division was created In February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 1st, 3rd Independent Brigade and Independent Detachment of Jiluyu Military District.
The 162nd Division(Chinese: 第50师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 13th Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army, formed in September.
The 163rd Division(Chinese: 第163师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 14th Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army, formed in September.
The 48th Division was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 3rd Independent Brigade of Yuwansu Military District.
The 157th Division(Chinese: 第157师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 12th Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army, formed in September.
The 155th Division(Chinese: 第155师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 9th Independent Division of Northeastern People's Liberation Army, formed in January.
The 161st Division(Chinese: 第161师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 6th Independent Division of Jichareliao Military Region, formed in February.
The 207th Division was created in January 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 21st Brigade, 7th Column of Huabei Military Region, formed in November 1947. Under the command of 69th Corps it took part in battles during the Chinese civil war.
The 183rd Division was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 39th Brigade, 13th Column of Huabei Military Region. Its history could be traced to 2nd Independent Brigade of Taihang Military District formed in October 1947.
The 11th Division was created in February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 3rd Security Brigade, 4th Column of the PLA Northwest Field Army. Its composition can be traced to 84th Division of 27th Corps, Military Division of Shaanxi-Gansu, 29th Corps, Independent Division of Shanganning, 2nd Regiment of Shanganning, 1st Independent Division of Northern Shaanxi and Headquarters, 4th Corps, all parts of Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
The 1st Cavalry Division was a division of the People's Liberation Army. It was created in March 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on Cavalry Brigade of Jinsui Military District. Its history can be traced to Cavalry Brigade of Shanganning-Jinsui Coalition Army formed in 1942.