1836

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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Years:
March 6: The 182 Texas defenders of the Alamo are killed while defending against 2,000 Mexican Army attackers FalloftheAlamo.jpg
March 6: The 182 Texas defenders of the Alamo are killed while defending against 2,000 Mexican Army attackers

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1836 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 1836
MDCCCXXXVI
Ab urbe condita 2589
Armenian calendar 1285
ԹՎ ՌՄՁԵ
Assyrian calendar 6586
Balinese saka calendar 1757–1758
Bengali calendar 1243
Berber calendar 2786
British Regnal year 6  Will. 4   7  Will. 4
Buddhist calendar 2380
Burmese calendar 1198
Byzantine calendar 7344–7345
Chinese calendar 乙未年 (Wood  Goat)
4533 or 4326
     to 
丙申年 (Fire  Monkey)
4534 or 4327
Coptic calendar 1552–1553
Discordian calendar 3002
Ethiopian calendar 1828–1829
Hebrew calendar 5596–5597
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1892–1893
 - Shaka Samvat 1757–1758
 - Kali Yuga 4936–4937
Holocene calendar 11836
Igbo calendar 836–837
Iranian calendar 1214–1215
Islamic calendar 1251–1252
Japanese calendar Tenpō 7
(天保7年)
Javanese calendar 1763–1764
Julian calendar Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar 4169
Minguo calendar 76 before ROC
民前76年
Nanakshahi calendar 368
Thai solar calendar 2378–2379
Tibetan calendar 阴木羊年
(female Wood-Goat)
1962 or 1581 or 809
     to 
阳火猴年
(male Fire-Monkey)
1963 or 1582 or 810
March 2: The Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico. Flag of Texas.svg
March 2: The Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico.

1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar  and a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1836th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 836th year of the 2nd millennium, the 36th year of the 19th century, and the 7th year of the 1830s decade. As of the start of 1836, the Gregorian calendar was 12days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Contents

Goliad Executions By Norman Price From Texas State Archives And Library Commission.jpg
Colt Autentica.jpg
Darwin Tree 1837.png
1837 US Contingent VP Election.svg
Flag of Arkansas.svg
The Battle of San Jacinto (1895).jpg
Declaration Broadside from transparency 1909 1 344.jpg
1854 Alamo.jpg
Clockwise from top left: Goliad massacre, Samuel Colt/ Colt revolver, Charles Darwin/ Theory of evolution, Arkansas, The Battle of San Jacinto, Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico, Background: The Battle of the Alamo.

Events

January–March

April–June

April 21: Battle of San Jacinto Sam Houston at San Jacinto.jpg
April 21: Battle of San Jacinto

July–September

October–December

Date unknown

Births

January–June

Ramakrishna Ramakrishna.jpg
Ramakrishna
Isabella Beeton Isabella Mary Beeton.jpg
Isabella Beeton

July–December

Joseph Chamberlain Joseph Chamberlain.jpg
Joseph Chamberlain
Sarah Morgan Bryan Piatt Sarah Morgan Bryan Piatt from American Women, 1897 - cropped.jpg
Sarah Morgan Bryan Piatt
Benjamin Harris Babbidge Benjamin Harris Babbidge.jpg
Benjamin Harris Babbidge
W.S. Gilbert Elliott & Fry - photograph W. S. Gilbert.jpg
W.S. Gilbert

Deaths

January–June

Madame Mere, mother of Napoleon I Joseph Karl Stieler - Portrait of Madame Mere de l'Empereur (Maria Laetitia Ramolino Bonaparte, 1750 - 1836).jpg
Madame Mère, mother of Napoleon I
Davy Crockett David Crockett.jpg
Davy Crockett
Andre-Marie Ampere Ampere Andre 1825.jpg
André-Marie Ampère
James Madison James madison-Age82-Edit1.jpg
James Madison

July–December

Charles X of France Charles X Roi de France et de Navarre.jpg
Charles X of France

1836 serves as the start date for the grand strategy video games Victoria: An Empire Under the Sun, Victoria II, and Victoria 3 by Paradox Development Studio. [11] [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Republic of Texas</span> Historical republic, 1836–1846

The Republic of Texas, or simply Texas, was a breakaway state in North America. It existed for close to 10 years, from March 2, 1836 to February 19, 1846. Texas shared borders with Mexico, the Republic of the Rio Grande, and the United States of America. The Republic of Texas had engaged in some complex relations with various nations. The United States was one of the key players that recognized Texas's independence. However, they hesitated to annex the Republic due to domestic affairs with Mexico. European powers had extended their recognition and wanted to engage in trade with Texas. These relations were very significant and shaped Texas's republic. This had led to the annexation by the US which led to the Mexican-American War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1830s</span> Decade

The 1830s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1830, and ended on December 31, 1839.

1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1851st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 851st year of the 2nd millennium, the 51st year of the 19th century, and the 2nd year of the 1850s decade. As of the start of 1851, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas Revolution</span> 1835–1836 Rebellion

The Texas Revolution was a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos against the centralist government of Mexico in the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. Although the uprising was part of a larger one, the Mexican Federalist War, that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna, the Mexican government believed the United States had instigated the Texas insurrection with the goal of annexation. The Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree, declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such, being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag". Only the province of Texas succeeded in breaking with Mexico, establishing the Republic of Texas. It was eventually annexed by the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martín Perfecto de Cos</span> General of the Mexican Army

Martín Perfecto de Cos was a Mexican Army general and politician during the mid-19th century. Born in Veracruz, the son of an attorney, he became an army cadet at the age of 20, a Lieutenant in 1821, and a Brigadier General in 1833.

The Convention of 1836 was the meeting of elected delegates in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas in March 1836. The Texas Revolution had begun five months previously, and the interim government, known as the Consultation, had wavered over whether to declare independence from Mexico or pledge to uphold the repudiated Mexican Constitution of 1824. Unlike those of previous Texas councils, delegates to the Convention of 1836 were younger, more recent arrivals to Texas, and more adamant on the question of independence. As delegates prepared to convene, Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna led a large army into Texas to quell the revolt; the vanguard of this army arrived at San Antonio de Bexar on February 23.

This is a timeline of the Texas Revolution, spanning the time from the earliest independence movements of the area of Texas, over the declaration of independence from Spain, up to the secession of the Republic of Texas from Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Alamo</span> Major battle of the Texas Revolution

The Battle of the Alamo was a pivotal event and military engagement in the Texas Revolution. Following a 13-day siege, Mexican troops under President General Antonio López de Santa Anna reclaimed the Alamo Mission near San Antonio de Béxar. About one hundred Texians were then garrisoned at the mission, with around a hundred subsequent reinforcements led by eventual Alamo co-commanders James Bowie and William B. Travis. On February 23, approximately 1,500 Mexicans marched into San Antonio de Béxar as the first step in a campaign to retake Texas. In the early morning hours of March 6, the Mexican Army advanced on the Alamo. After repelling two attacks, the Texians were unable to fend off a third attack. As Mexican soldiers scaled the walls, most of the Texian fighters withdrew into interior buildings. Those who were unable to reach these points were slain by the Mexican cavalry as they attempted to escape. Between five and seven Texians may have surrendered; if so, they were quickly executed. Subsequently almost all of the Texian inhabitants were killed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Goliad massacre</span> 1836 event of the Texas Revolution

The Goliad massacre was an event of the Texas Revolution that occurred on March 27, 1836, following the Battle of Refugio and the Battle of Coleto; 425–445 prisoners of war from the Texian Army of the Republic of Texas were executed by the Mexican Army in the town of Goliad, Texas. The men surrendered under the belief they would be set free within a few weeks; however, this was not to be. Despite appeals for clemency by General José de Urrea, the massacre was carried out by Lt. Colonel José Nicolás de la Portilla, under orders from General and President of Mexico Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.

Mayor generalManuel Fernández Castrillón was a Mexican Army officer who served during the Texas Revolution. A close friend of President Antonio López de Santa Anna, Castrillón frequently advocated merciful treatment for captured Texian soldiers. He was killed in action at the 1836 Battle of San Jacinto, despite attempts by Thomas Jefferson Rusk to save his life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juan Almonte</span> Mexican general, diplomat and regent

Juan Nepomuceno Almonte Ramírez was a Mexican soldier, commander, minister of war, congressman, diplomat, presidential candidate, and regent. The natural son of Catholic cleric José María Morelos, a leading commander during the Mexican War of Independence, Almonte played an important role as a conservative in the Mexican Republic. He served as Minister of War during multiple administrations as well as in various diplomatic posts in the United States and in Europe. In 1840 he led government forces in an attempt to rescue president Anastasio Bustamante after the president was taken hostage by rebels in the National Palace. Almonte was minister to the United States in the years leading up to the Mexican American War and lobbied against its interference in Texas, which Mexico considered a rebellious province. Almonte was a leading figure in conservative efforts to re-establish monarchy in Mexico, supporting the French imperial forces during the Second French Intervention in Mexico and the establishment Second Mexican Empire under Maximilian I of Mexico. Almonte was serving as a diplomat in France when France withdrew military support of the Empire, which fell in 1867. He died two years later in 1869.

Events from the year 1836 in the United States. Exceptionally, this page covers not only the history of the United States, but also that of the Republic of Texas in 1836.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World</span> 1836 open letter written by William B. Travis

To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World, commonly referred to as the Victory or Death letter, is an open letter written on February 24, 1836, by William B. Travis, commander of the Texian forces at the Battle of the Alamo, to settlers in Mexican Texas. The letter is renowned as a "declaration of defiance" and a "masterpiece of American patriotism", and forms part of the history education of Texas schoolchildren.

This is a timeline of the Republic of Texas, spanning the time from the Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico on March 2, 1836, up to the transfer of power to the State of Texas on February 19, 1846.

The Texan schooner Independence was one of the four schooners of the First Texas Navy (1836–1838). At the direction of Texas Governor Henry Smith, in 1836 Charles Hawkins took command of United States revenue cutter Ingham acquired by the Texas Navy and renamed Independence.

Jose Enrique de la Peña (1807-1840) was a colonel in the Mexican Army. Under General Antonio López de Santa Anna, de la Peña participated in the Battle of the Alamo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texian Army</span> Army that fought for the independence of what became the Republic of Texas

The Texian Army, also known as the Revolutionary Army and Army of the People, was the land warfare branch of the Texian armed forces during the Texas Revolution. It spontaneously formed from the Texian Militia in October 1835 following the Battle of Gonzales. Along with the Texian Navy, it helped the Republic of Texas win independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico on May 14, 1836 at the Treaties of Velasco. Although the Texas Army was officially established by the Consultation of the Republic of Texas on November 13, 1835, it did not replace the Texian Army until after the Battle of San Jacinto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Presidio La Bahía</span> United States historic place

The Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de la Bahía, known more commonly as Presidio La Bahía, or simply La Bahía, is a fort constructed by the Spanish Army. It became the center of a community that developed as the modern-day city of Goliad, Texas, United States. The current location dates to 1747.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonio López de Santa Anna</span> 8th President of Mexico (1794–1876)

Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón, usually known as Antonio López de Santa Anna, or just Santa Anna, was a Mexican soldier, politician, and caudillo who served as the 8th president of Mexico on multiple occasions between 1833 and 1855. He also served as vice president of Mexico from 1837 to 1839. He was a controversial and pivotal figure in Mexican politics during the 19th century, to the point that he has been called an "uncrowned monarch", and historians often refer to the three decades after Mexican independence as the "Age of Santa Anna".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alamo Cenotaph</span> United States historic place

The Alamo Cenotaph, also known as The Spirit of Sacrifice, is a monument in San Antonio, Texas, United States, commemorating the Battle of the Alamo of the Texas Revolution, which was fought at the adjacent Alamo Mission. The monument was erected in celebration of the centenary of the battle, and bears the names of those known to have fought there on the Texas side.

References

  1. Thomas, R. H. G. (1972). London's First Railway – The London & Greenwich. London: Batsford. ISBN   0-7134-0468-X.
  2. Texas Declaration of Independence  via Wikisource.
  3. Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998). Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution. Austin, TX: Eakin Press. ISBN   978-1-57168-152-2.
  4. "The Constitution of the Republic of Texas (1836)". University of Texas School of Law. Archived from the original on January 8, 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
  5. 1 2 Sproat, Leslie. "Capture site of Santa Anna". East Texas History. Leslie Sproat. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  6. s:1836 (33) Registration of Births &c. A bill for registering Births Deaths and Marriages in England.
  7. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 260–261. ISBN   0-7126-5616-2.
  8. "Railroad — Wilmington & Raleigh (later Weldon)". North Carolina Business History. CommunicationSolutions/ISI. 2006. Retrieved 2012-04-05.
  9. Murse, Tom (December 16, 2020). "Last Time Consecutive Democratic Presidents Were Elected". ThoughtCo. You'd have to go back even further in history to find the most recent instance of a Democrat being elected to succeed a two-term president from the same party. The last time that happened was in 1836 when voters elected Martin Van Buren to follow Andrew Jackson.
  10. Mattusch, Carol C. (1988). Greek Bronze Statuary: from the beginnings through the fifth century B.C. . Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. p.  3. ISBN   0801421489 . Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  11. "Victoria 3 Officially Announced A Decade After Previous Game". GameSpot. Retrieved 2022-04-21.
  12. "Victoria 2". Paradox Interactive Forums. August 19, 2009. Retrieved 2022-04-21.

Further reading