1886

1886 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1886; MDCCCLXXXVI
Ab urbe condita	2639
Armenian calendar	1335; ԹՎ ՌՅԼԵ
Assyrian calendar	6636
Bahá'í calendar	42–43
Balinese saka calendar	1807–1808
Bengali calendar	1293
Berber calendar	2836
British Regnal year	49 Vict. 1 – 50 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar	2430
Burmese calendar	1248
Byzantine calendar	7394–7395
Chinese calendar	乙酉年 (Wood Rooster); 4582 or 4522; — to —; 丙戌年 (Fire Dog); 4583 or 4523
Coptic calendar	1602–1603
Discordian calendar	3052
Ethiopian calendar	1878–1879
Hebrew calendar	5646–5647
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1942–1943
- Shaka Samvat	1807–1808
- Kali Yuga	4986–4987
Holocene calendar	11886
Igbo calendar	886–887
Iranian calendar	1264–1265
Islamic calendar	1303–1304
Japanese calendar	Meiji 19; (明治１９年)
Javanese calendar	1815–1816
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4219
Minguo calendar	26 before ROC ; 民前26年
Nanakshahi calendar	418
Thai solar calendar	2428–2429
Tibetan calendar	阴木鸡年; (female Wood-Rooster); 2012 or 1631 or 859; — to —; 阳火狗年; (male Fire-Dog); 2013 or 1632 or 860

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century ; 19th century ; 20th century ;
Decades:	1860s ; 1870s ; 1880s ; 1890s ; 1900s ;
Years:	1883 ; 1884 ; 1885 ; 1886 ; 1887 ; 1888 ; 1889 ;

Last updated June 23, 2019

1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI ) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar , the 1886th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 886th year of the 2nd millennium , the 86th year of the 19th century , and the 7th year of the 1880s decade. As of the start of 1886, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Roman numerals Numbers in the Roman numeral system

Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers in this system are represented by combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet. Modern usage employs seven symbols, each with a fixed integer value:

A common year is a calendar year with 365 days, as distinguished from a leap year, which has 366. More generally, a common year is one without intercalation. The Gregorian calendar,, employs both common years and leap years to keep the calendar aligned with the tropical year, which does not contain an exact number of days.

A common year starting on Friday is any non-leap year that begins on Friday, 1 January, and ends on Friday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is C. The most recent year of such kind was 2010 and the next one will be 2021 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2011 and 2022 in the obsolete Julian calendar. The century year, 2100, will also be a common year starting on Friday in the Gregorian calendar. See below for more. Any common year that starts on Wednesday, Friday or Saturday has only one Friday the 13th; The only Friday the 13th in this common year occurs in August. Leap years starting on Thursday share this characteristic, but also have another one in February.

Events

January–March

January 29 -Karl Benz patent. 1885Benz.jpg — January 29 – Karl Benz patent.

January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885.
January 5 – 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is published in New York and London.
January 16 – A resolution is passed in the German Parliament to condemn the Prussian deportations, the politically motivated mass expulsion of ethnic Poles and Jews from Prussia, initiated by Otto von Bismarck.
January 18 – Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.
January 29 – Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen (built in 1885).
February 6 – 9 – Seattle riot of 1886: Anti-Chinese sentiments result in riots in Seattle, Washington.
February 14 – The first train load of oranges leaves Los Angeles via the United States transcontinental railroad.
March 3 – The Treaty of Bucharest ends the Serbo-Bulgarian War in the Balkans.
March 16 – A law establishing the Kiel Canal is adopted in the German Empire.
March 17 – Carrollton Massacre: 20 African Americans are killed in Mississippi.
March 29 – Wilhelm Steinitz becomes the first recognized World Chess Champion.

January 1 is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year. This day is known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. It is also the first day of the first quarter of the year and the first half of the year.

British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948, from the Anglo-Burmese wars through the creation of Burma as a Province of British India to the establishment of an independently administered colony, and finally independence. The region under British control was known as British Burma. Various portions of Burmese territories, including Arakan, Tenasserim were annexed by the British after their victory in the First Anglo-Burmese War; Lower Burma was annexed in 1852 after the Second Anglo-Burmese War. The annexed territories were designated the minor province, British Burma, of British India in 1862.

The Third Anglo-Burmese War, also known as the Third Burma War, was a conflict that took place during 7–29 November 1885, with sporadic resistance and insurgency continuing into 1887. It was the final of three wars fought in the 19th century between the Burmese and the British. The war saw the loss of sovereignty of an independent Burma under the Konbaung dynasty, whose rule had already been reduced to the territory known as Upper Burma, the region of Lower Burma having been annexed by the British in 1853, as a result of the Second Anglo-Burmese War.

April–June

April 4 – William Ewart Gladstone introduces the First Irish Home Rule Bill in the Parliament of the United Kingdom; it is defeated on June 8.
April 6 – The settlement of Vancouver, British Columbia is incorporated.
April 24 – Father Augustine Tolton, the first Roman Catholic priest from the United States to identify himself publicly as African American, is ordained in Rome.
April 25 – Easter occurs on the latest possible date (the next time is in 1943).
May 1 – A general strike begins in the United States, which escalates on May 4 into the Haymarket affair in Chicago, and eventually wins the eight-hour day for workers.
May 4 – Emile Berliner starts work that leads to the invention of the gramophone.
May 8 – American pharmacist Dr. John Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage that will be named 'Coca-Cola'.
May 15 – Portugal and France agree to regulate the borders of their colonies in Guinea.
May 17
- Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad : The U.S. Supreme Court rules that corporations have the same rights as living persons.
- Motherwell Football Club is founded in Scotland.
May 29 – John Pemberton begins to advertise Coca-Cola (in The Atlanta Journal ).
June 2 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House (Washington, D.C.), becoming the only President of the United States to wed in the executive mansion. She is 27 years his junior.
June 3 – Uganda Martyrs: Charles Lwanga, 12 other Catholic boys and men, and 9 Anglicans, are burned (and another Catholic speared) to death, at the orders of Kabaka Mwanga II of Buganda in Namugongo.

April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 271 days remain until the end of the year.

William Ewart Gladstone was a British statesman and Liberal Party politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he served for 12 years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four terms beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times.

The Government of Ireland Bill 1886, commonly known as the First Home Rule Bill, was the first major attempt made by a British government to enact a law creating home rule for part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was introduced in 8 April 1886 by Liberal Prime Minister William Gladstone to create a devolved assembly for Ireland which would govern Ireland in specified areas. The Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell had been campaigning for home rule for Ireland since the 1870s.

June 10 – The Mount Tarawera volcano erupts in New Zealand, resulting in the deaths of over 150 people and the destruction of the famous Pink and White Terraces.
June 12 – King Ludwig II of Bavaria is detained as part of a deposition, drowning the following day under mysterious circumstances. Six weeks later his unfinished Neuschwanstein Castle is opened to the public.
June 13 – The Great Vancouver Fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia.
June 25 – Arturo Toscanini makes his conducting debut, with an Italian opera company visiting Rio de Janeiro.
June 30 – The Royal Holloway College for women is opened by Queen Victoria, near London, England.

June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 204 days remain until the end of the year.

1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera Volcano eruption event in New Zealand

The most recent eruption of Mount Tarawera occurred in the early hours of 10 June 1886 in the North Island near Rotorua then extended to Waimangu, New Zealand. It is the deadliest eruption in New Zealand since the arrival of Europeans. Around 120 people were killed, and many settlements were destroyed or buried.

New Zealand is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses—the North Island, and the South Island —and around 600 smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal, and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.

July–September

November 30: Folies Bergere FolliesBergereBoxCostume.jpg — November 30: Folies Bergère

July 3 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen.
July 9 – American inventor Charles M. Hall files a patent for his inexpensive method of refining aluminium (discovered on February 23); independently and near-simultaneously discovered in France by Paul Héroult it becomes known as the Hall–Héroult process.
July 23 – Steve Brodie is reported to have made a jump from the Brooklyn Bridge, a claim subsequently disputed.
July 25 – Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (Conservative Party (UK)) becomes Great Britain's 30th Prime Minister.
August 13 – Nagasaki Incident: Chinese troops riot during shore leave in Nagasaki, Japan.
August 19 – The Christian Union (Church of God) is established.^{[ where? ]}
August 20 – A massive hurricane demolishes the town of Indianola, Texas.
August 31 – The 7.0 M_w  Charleston earthquake affects southeastern South Carolina, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme); 60 people are killed, and damage is estimated at $5–6 million.
September 1 – Grasshopper Club Zürich is founded as the first football club in the Swiss city of Zürich by English students.
September 4 – American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo surrenders, with his last band of warriors, to General Nelson Miles, at Skeleton Canyon in Arizona.
September 9 – The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is signed.
September 21 – American physicist William Stanley, Jr. patents the first practical alternating current transformer device, the induction coil.

July 3 is the 184th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 181 days remain until the end of the year.

Karl Friedrich Benz was a German engine designer and automobile engineer. His Benz Patent Motorcar from 1885 is considered the first practical automobile. He received a patent for the motorcar on 29 January 1886.

July 9 is the 190th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 175 days remain until the end of the year.

October–December

October 7 – Spain abolishes slavery in Cuba.
October 28 – In New York Harbor, U.S. President Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty, a gift from France. The ensuing spontaneous celebration in New York City leads to the first ticker tape parade.
November – The extremely harsh winter of 1886–87 in the United States begins, killing tens of thousands of cattle on the Great Plains of North America.
November 1 – The biggest Buddhist boys' school in Sri Lanka, Ananda College, is founded in Colombo.
November 3 – In the British Raj, what will become one of the biggest boys' schools in Pakistan, Aitchison College, Lahore, is founded under the auspices of Sir Charles Umpherston Aitchison.
November 11 – Heinrich Hertz verifies the existence of electromagnetic waves, at the University of Karlsruhe.
November 14 – German inventor Friedrich Soennecken first develops the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
November 30 – The Folies Bergère stages its first revue in Paris.
December 11 – London Association football club Arsenal, founded as Dial Square by workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, play their first match (on the Isle of Dogs). The club is renamed Royal Arsenal soon afterwards, supposedly on December 25.^[1]
December 17 – English adventurer Thomas Stevens concludes the first circumnavigation by bicycle in Yokohama, having set out on his penny-farthing from San Francisco in 1884.

Date unknown

Addis Ababa is founded in the Ethiopian Empire.
The village of Skorenovac is founded, mostly by Székely Hungarians.
Scotch whisky distiller William Grant & Sons is founded.
Yorkshire Tea is established in Harrogate, England.
Horse-drawn streetcars in Austria-Hungary, France, Germany and Great Britain are carrying c. 900 million riders per year.
Emily Ruete publishes her landmark memoir, Memoirs of an Arabian Princess: An Autobiography.^[2]
Bedford Rugby Club is formed in England.

Births

January–February

January 2 – Florence Lawrence, Canadian-born actress (d. 1938)
January 5 – Markus Reiner, Israeli scientist (d. 1976)
January 7 – Amedeo Maiuri, Neapolitan archaeologist (d. 1963)
January 11 – Chester Conklin, American actor (d. 1971)
January 14 – Hugh Lofting, English-born author (d. 1947)
January 17 – Joe Masseria, Italian-born American gangster (d. 1931)
January 18 – Clara Nordström, German writer, translator (d. 1962)
January 25 – Wilhelm Furtwängler, German conductor (d. 1954)
January 27 – Frank Nitti, Italian-born American gangster (d. 1943)
January 28
- Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese electrical engineer (d. 1976)
- Sam McDaniel, African-American actor (d. 1962)
January 31 – Alfonso López Pumarejo, 14th and 16th President of Colombia (d. 1959)
February 2 – Frank Lloyd, English-born film director, scriptwriter and producer (d. 1960)
February 4 – Edward Sheldon, American playwright (d. 1946)
February 7 – Yehezkel Abramsky, eminent Russian-born rabbi, head of the London Beth Din for 17 years (d. 1976)
February 8 – Charles Ruggles, American actor (d. 1970)
February 9 – Edwin Maxwell, Irish actor (d. 1948)
February 12 – Margarita Fischer, American silent film actress (d. 1975)
February 17 – Aeneas Francon Williams, English-born missionary, Church of Scotland minister, writer and poet (d. 1971)
February 19 – José Abad Santos, Filipino jurist, lawyer (d. 1942)
February 22 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian artist and poet (d. 1980)
February 27 – Hugo Black, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1971)

March–April

March 2
- Willis H. O'Brien, American stop motion animator (d. 1962)
- Vittorio Pozzo, Italian football player and manager (d. 1968)
- Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg, German general (d. 1974)
March 3 – Tore Ørjasæter, Norwegian poet (d. 1968)
March 4 – Kazimierz Świtalski, Polish diplomat, politician, soldier and military officer, 18th Prime Minister of Poland (d. 1962)
March 6
- Ola Solberg, Norwegian newspaper editor, politician (d. 1977)
- Nella Walker, American actress, vaudevillian (d. 1971)
March 7
- Virginia Pearson, American silent film actress (d. 1958)
- Jacques Majorelle, French painter (d. 1962)
March 8 – Edward Calvin Kendall, American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1972)
March 9 – Robert L. Eichelberger, American general (d. 1961)
March 11 – Edward Rydz-Śmigły, Polish politician, Marshal of Poland (d. 1941)
March 15 – Sergey Kirov, Soviet revolutionary (d. 1934)
March 18
- Edward Everett Horton, American actor (d. 1970)
- Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière, German U-boat ace (d. 1941)
March 19 – Giuseppe Bellanca, Italian-born American airplane designer, manufacturer (d. 1960)
March 20 – Grace Brown, American murder victim whose story became a famous court case (d. 1906)
March 22 – Kálmán Darányi, 31st Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1939)
March 24 – Edward Weston, American photographer (d. 1958)
March 25 – Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople (d. 1972)
March 27
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, German architect (d. 1969)
- Wladimir Burliuk, Ukrainian artist (d. 1917)
April 2 – Reginald Barker, American film director (d. 1945)
April 4 – William R. Munroe, American admiral (d. 1966)
April 8 – Margaret Ayer Barnes, American playwright, novelist, and short-story writer (d. 1967)
April 5 – Gustavo Jiménez, President of Peru (d. 1933)
April 14 – Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (d. 1956)
April 15 – Tadeusz Kutrzeba, Polish general (d. 1947)
April 16
- Ernst Thälmann, German Communist Leader (d. 1944)
- Margaret Woodrow Wilson, American singer; Presidential daughter (d. 1944)
April 25 – Marie Brémont, the last surviving person documented as born in 1886 (d. 2001)
April 26 – Ma Rainey, American singer (d. 1939)
April 30 – Dick Elliott, American actor (d. 1961)

May–June

May 2 – Gottfried Benn, German poet (d. 1956)
May 3 – Marcel Dupré, French composer (d. 1971)
May 10
- Karl Barth, Swiss Protestant theologian (d. 1968)
- Felix Ysagun Manalo, first Executive Minister (Tagapamahalang Pangkalahatan) of the Iglesia ni Cristo (d. 1963)
- Olaf Stapledon, British author, philosopher (d. 1950)
May 17 – King Alfonso XIII of Spain (d. 1941)
May 18 – Ture Nerman, Swedish communist leader (d. 1969)
May 20 – John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever, British businessman (d. 1971)
May 26 – Al Jolson, American entertainer (d. 1950)
June 2 – Grover Whalen, American politician (d. 1962)
June 3 – Benjamin McCandlish, Governor of Guam (d. 1975)
June 6 – William A. Glassford, American admiral (d. 1958)
June 7 – Henri Coandă, Romanian aerodynamics pioneer (d. 1972)
June 9 – Kosaku Yamada, Japanese composer, conductor (d. 1965)
June 18 – George Mallory, English climber (d. 1924)
June 21 – William Ibbett, English submariner (d. 1975)
June 23 – Olaf M. Hustvedt, American admiral (d. 1978)
June 24
- Ion Gigurtu, 42nd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1959)
- George Shiels, Northern Irish dramatist (d. 1949)
June 25
- Alimihan Seyiti, Chinese supercentenarian
- Henry "Hap" Arnold, American general, aviation pioneer (d. 1950)
June 27
- Sally Crute, American actress (d. 1971)
- Carroll McComas, American actress (d. 1962)
June 28 – Hitoshi Imamura, Japanese general (d. 1968)
June 29
- Robert C. Giffen, American admiral (d. 1962)
- Robert Schuman, German-French politician, a founding father of the European Union (d. 1963)

July–August

July 3
- Giovanni Battista Caproni, Italian aeronautical, civil, and electrical engineer, aircraft designer, and industrialist (d. 1957)
- Raymond A. Spruance, American admiral, ambassador (d. 1969)
July 5
- Willem Drees, Dutch politician, prime minister, and centenarian (d. 1988)
- Oskar Leimgruber, Swiss politician (d. 1976)
July 6 – Lou Skuce, Canadian cartoonist (d. 1951)
July 12 – Jean Hersholt, Danish-born actor (d. 1956)
July 15
- Arthur L. Bristol, American admiral (d. 1942)
- William Edmunds, Italian stage, screen character actor (d. 1981)
July 16 – Frank Hastings Griffin, American engineer (d. 1974)
July 18 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., American general (d. 1945)
July 19
- Edward Sloman, English silent film director, actor, screenwriter and radio broadcaster (d. 1972)
- Michael Fekete, Hungarian-born Israeli mathematician (d. 1957)
July 23 – Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (d. 1976)
July 24 – Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese writer (d. 1965)
July 25 – Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (d. 1946)
July 31 – Fred Quimby, American film producer (d. 1965)
August 2 – John A.D. McCurdy, Canadian aviation pioneer, Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1961)
August 6 – Inez Milholland, American suffragist, labor lawyer, World War I correspondent and public speaker (d. 1916)
August 12 – Campbell Tait, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (d. 1946)
August 20 – Paul Tillich, German-American Christian existentialist philosopher, theologian (d. 1965)
August 26 – Ceferino Namuncurá, Argentine Roman Catholic lay brother and blessed (d. 1905)
August 27
- Nicolette Bruining, Dutch theologian, humanitarian (d. 1963)
- Rebecca Helferich Clarke, English composer, violist (d. 1979)
- Eric Coates, English composer (d. 1957)
August 28 – Andrew Higgins, American boatbuilder, industrialist (d. 1952)

September–October

Roberto Maria Ortiz Robertomortiz.jpg — Roberto María Ortiz

September 1
- Tarsila do Amaral, Brazilian painter, considered to be one of the leading Latin American modernist artists (d. 1973)
- Othmar Schoeck, Swiss composer (d. 1957)
September 4 – Albert Orsborn, the 6th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1967)
September 5 – Nell Brinkley, American illustrator, comic artist (d. 1944)
September 8 – Siegfried Sassoon, British poet (d. 1967)
September 11 – John H. Hester, American general (d. 1976)
September 13 – Robert Robinson, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
September 14 – Jan Masaryk, Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia (d. 1948)
September 16 – Jean Arp, Alsatian sculptor, painter, and poet (d. 1966)
September 20
- Charles Williams, British author (d. 1945)
- John Murray Anderson, American actor, dancer, theatre director (d. 1954)
September 24
- Roberto María Ortiz, President of Argentina (d. 1942)
- Edward Bach, English metaphysician, homeopath (d. 1936)
September 25 – Nobutake Kondō, Japanese admiral (d. 1953)
September 26 – Archibald Hill, English physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1977)
September 28 – Alice Hollister, American silent film actress (d. 1973)
October 2 – Jisaburō Ozawa, Japanese admiral (d. 1966)
October 3 – Henri Alban-Fournier, French author of Le Grand Meaulnes (d. 1914)
October 6 – Edwin Fischer, Swiss pianist, conductor (d. 1960)
October 11 – Conrad Helfrich, Dutch admiral (d. 1962)
October 11 – Baron Karl von Möller, German Writer (d. 1943)
October 15 – Jonas H. Ingram, American admiral (d. 1952)
October 16 – David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)
October 17
- Andrej Bicenko, Russian fresco painter, muralist (d. 1985)
- Spring Byington, American actress (d. 1971)
October 22 – Oscar Griswold, American general (d. 1959)
October 30 – Zoë Akins, American playwright, poet, and author (d. 1958)

November–December

November 1 – Hermann Broch, Austrian author (d. 1951)
November 2 – Gheorghe Tătărescu, 2-time Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1957)
November 6 – André Marty, French Communist Party leader (d. 1956)
November 9
- Edward Lindberg, American Olympic athlete (d. 1978)
- Ed Wynn, American actor (d. 1966)
November 10 – Walden L. "Pug" Ainsworth, American admiral (d. 1960)
November 11 – Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, 11th Prime Minister of Iraq (d. 1969)
November 12 – Alfonso de Orleans y Borbón, Spanish prince, military aviator (d. 1975)
November 15 – René Guénon, French-Egyptian author (d. 1951)
November 17 – Walter Terence Stace, British philosopher (d. 1967)
November 18 – Ferenc Münnich, 47th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1967)
November 20 – Karl von Frisch, Austrian zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1982)
November 26 – Margaret Caroline Anderson, American publisher, editor (d. 1973)
December 3 – Manne Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1978)
December 5 – Rose Wilder Lane, American author (d. 1968)
December 8 – Diego Rivera, Mexican painter (d. 1957)
December 10 – Victor McLaglen, English actor, boxer (d. 1959)
December 12 – Owen Moore, Irish actor (d. 1939)
December 18
- Heisuke Abe, Japanese general (d. 1943)
- Ty Cobb, American baseball player and a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (d. 1961)
December 19 – Charles M. Cooke, Jr., American admiral (d. 1970)
December 25 – Kid Ory, American jazz musician (d. 1973)
December 26 – Gyula Gömbös, 30th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1936)
December 30 – Austin Osman Spare, English artist, magician (d. 1956)

Date unknown

Khaled Chehab, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 1978)
Émile Eddé, 4th Prime Minister and 3rd President of Lebanon (d. 1949)

Deaths

January–June

January 17 – Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer (b. 1834)
January 18 – Baldassare Verazzi, Italian painter (b. 1819)
January 25 – Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, Chilean historian (b. 1831)
January 26 – David Rice Atchison, American politician (b. 1807)
February 9 – Winfield Scott Hancock, Union general of the American Civil War, Democratic political candidate (b. 1824)
February 10 – Laura Don, American actress (b. 1852)
February 12 – Horatio Seymour, 18th Governor of New York, 1868 Democratic Party presidential nominee (b. 1810)
February 15 – Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell, British politician (b. 1813)
February 18 – Dave Rudabaugh, American outlaw, gunfighter (b. 1854)
February 24 – Hugh Stowell Brown, Manx preacher (b. 1823)
March 17 – Pierre-Jules Hetzel, French editor, publisher (b. 1814)
March 27 – Sir Henry Taylor, British dramatist and poet (b. 1800)
April 16 – Andrew Nicholl, Northern Irish painter (b. 1804)
April 27 – Henry Hobson Richardson, prominent American architect (b. 1838)
May 9 – Facundo Bacardí, Cuban rum manufacturer (b. 1814)
May 15 – Emily Dickinson, American poet (b. 1830)
May 17 – John Deere, American inventor (b. 1804)
May 23 – Leopold von Ranke, German hstorian (b. 1795)
June 13
- Bernhard von Gudden, German neuroanatomist and psychiatrist (b. 1824)
- King Ludwig II of Bavaria (b. 1845)
June 19 – Sir Charles Trevelyan, British civil servant and colonial administrator (b. 1807)
June 21 – Daniel Dunglas Home, Scottish medium (b. 1833)

July–December

July 1 – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (b. 1806)
July 4
- Poundmaker, Aboriginal Canadian leader (b. c. 1842)
- Prince Arisugawa Takahito, Japanese Prince (b. 1813)
July 16 – Ned Buntline (Edward Zane Carroll Judson Sr.), American publisher, dime novelist and publicist (b. 1821)
July 25 – Eliza Lynch, First Lady of Paraguay (b. 1833)
July 31 – Franz Liszt, Hungarian pianist, composer (b. 1811)
August 4 – Samuel J. Tilden, 25th Governor of New York, 1876 Democratic Party presidential nominee (b. 1814)
August 9 – Samuel Ferguson, Northern Irish poet, artist (b. 1810)
August 11 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet (b. 1843)
August 16 – Ramakrishna Paramhansa, Indian spiritual figure (b. 1836)
August 30 – Ferris Jacobs, Jr., American politician (b. 1836)
September 3 – William W. Snow, American politician (b. 1812)
September 4 – Benjamin F. Cheatham, Confederate general (b. 1820)
September 14 – Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard, American land speculator (b. 1802)
September 25 – Hannah T. King, British-born American writer and pioneer (b. 1808)
October 8 – Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (b. 1819)
November 18 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (b. 1829)
November 20 – William Bliss Baker, American painter (b. 1859)
November 21 – Charles Francis Adams Sr., American historical editor, politician and diplomat (b. 1807)
December 8
- Isaac Lea, American conchologist, geologist and publisher (b. 1792)
- William Fraser Tolmie, Scottish-Canadian scientist, politician (b. 1812)
December 26 – John A. Logan, American soldier, political leader (b. 1826)

Date unknown

Harriet Bates, American author (b. 1856)

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1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1908th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 908th year of the 2nd millennium, the 8th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1908, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1951st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 951st year of the 2nd millennium, the 51st year of the 20th century, and the 2nd year of the 1950s decade.

1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year of the 1950s decade.

1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1939th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 939th year of the 2nd millennium, the 39th year of the 20th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1930s decade. This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.

1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1912th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 912th year of the 2nd millennium, the 12th year of the 20th century, and the 3rd year of the 1910s decade. As of the start of 1912, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1913th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 913th year of the 2nd millennium, the 13th year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1910s decade. As of the start of 1913, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1901st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 901st year of the 2nd millennium, the 1st year of the 20th century, and the 2nd year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1901, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1943rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 943rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 43rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1940s decade.

1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th century, and the 7th year of the 1940s decade.

1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1905th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 905th year of the 2nd millennium, the 5th year of the 20th century, and the 6th year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1905, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1902nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 902nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 2nd year of the 20th century, and the 3rd year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1902, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1919th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 919th year of the 2nd millennium, the 19th year of the 20th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1910s decade. As of the start of 1919, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1921st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 921st year of the 2nd millennium, the 21st year of the 20th century, and the 2nd year of the 1920s decade. As of the start of 1921, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1871st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 871st year of the 2nd millennium, the 71st year of the 19th century, and the 2nd year of the 1870s decade. As of the start of 1871, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1880th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 880th year of the 2nd millennium, the 80th year of the 19th century, and the 1st year of the 1880s decade. As of the start of 1880, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1892nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 892nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 92nd year of the 19th century, and the 3rd year of the 1890s decade. As of the start of 1892, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1878th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 878th year of the 2nd millennium, the 78th year of the 19th century, and the 9th year of the 1870s decade. As of the start of 1878, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1934th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 934th year of the 2nd millennium, the 34th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1930s decade.

1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1909th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 909th year of the 2nd millennium, the 9th year of the 20th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1909, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1938th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 938th year of the 2nd millennium, the 38th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1930s decade.

References

↑ Soar, Phil; Tyler, Martin (2005). The Official Illustrated History of Arsenal. London: Hamlyn. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-600-61344-2.
↑ "Memoirs of an Arabian Princess: An Autobiography". World Digital Library . 1888. Retrieved September 19, 2013.

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[1] Soar, Phil; Tyler, Martin (2005). The Official Illustrated History of Arsenal. London: Hamlyn. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-600-61344-2.

[WDL-2] "Memoirs of an Arabian Princess: An Autobiography". World Digital Library . 1888. Retrieved September 19, 2013.

Gregorian calendar	1886 MDCCCLXXXVI
Ab urbe condita	2639
Armenian calendar	1335 ԹՎ ՌՅԼԵ
Assyrian calendar	6636
Bahá'í calendar	42–43
Balinese saka calendar	1807–1808
Bengali calendar	1293
Berber calendar	2836
British Regnal year	49 Vict. 1 – 50 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar	2430
Burmese calendar	1248
Byzantine calendar	7394–7395
Chinese calendar	乙酉年 (Wood Rooster) 4582 or 4522 — to — 丙戌年 (Fire Dog) 4583 or 4523
Coptic calendar	1602–1603
Discordian calendar	3052
Ethiopian calendar	1878–1879
Hebrew calendar	5646–5647
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1942–1943
- Shaka Samvat	1807–1808
- Kali Yuga	4986–4987
Holocene calendar	11886
Igbo calendar	886–887
Iranian calendar	1264–1265
Islamic calendar	1303–1304
Japanese calendar	Meiji 19 (明治１９年)
Javanese calendar	1815–1816
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4219
Minguo calendar	26 before ROC 民前26年
Nanakshahi calendar	418
Thai solar calendar	2428–2429
Tibetan calendar	阴木鸡年 (female Wood-Rooster) 2012 or 1631 or 859 — to — 阳火狗年 (male Fire-Dog) 2013 or 1632 or 860

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1886

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