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| Politics of Indonesia |
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General elections will be held in Indonesia in 2029 and a half to elect the president, vice president, People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which consists of the House of Representatives (DPR), the Regional Representative Council (DPD), and members of local legislative bodies (DPRD) at the provincial and city/regency levels.
The President of Indonesia will be elected by absolute majority vote through a two-round system to serve a 5-year term.
Following the 2024 election, the Constitutional Court of Indonesia required the General Elections Commission to revise parliamentary threshold rules for 2029. [1]
The politics of Indonesia take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral People's Consultative Assembly. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
2024 (MMXXIV) is the current year, and is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2024th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 24th year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the 5th year of the 2020s decade.
The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle is a centre to left-wing secular-nationalist political party in Indonesia. Since 2014, it has been the ruling and largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having secured 110 seats in the last election. The party is led by Megawati Sukarnoputri, who served as the President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004. It is also the former party of the current president, Joko Widodo (Jokowi).
The Party of Functional Groups, often known by its abbreviation Golkar, is a centre-right big tent political party in Indonesia. It was founded as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups in 1964, and participated for the first time in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2009, it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having secured 102 seats in the last election. It is led by Airlangga Hartarto.
The United Development Party is an Islam-based political party in Indonesia.
The Regional Representative Council, is one of two parliamentary chambers in Indonesia. Together with the House of Representatives (DPR), it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR). Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advice on bills to the DPR. Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power. Its members are usually called senators instead of DPD members.
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serve as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.
Elections in Indonesia have taken place since 1955 to elect a legislature. At a national level, Indonesian people did not elect a head of state – the president – until 2004. Since then, the president is elected for a five-year term, as are the 575-member People's Representative Council, the 136-seat Regional Representative Council, in addition to provincial and municipal legislative councils.
The Democratic Party is a centre to centre-right nationalist political party in Indonesia. Currently, it holds 54 seats in the House of Representatives (DPR). The party is led by Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY), the son of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), who served as the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014.
The term Government of the Republic of Indonesia can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to the three traditional branches of government – the executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch. The term is also used colloquially to mean the executive and legislature together, as these are the branches of government responsible for day-to-day governance of the nation and lawmaking. At its narrowest, the term is used to refer to the executive branch in form of the Cabinet of Indonesia as this is the branch of government responsible for day-to-day governance.
The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia is the legislative branch in Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of the House of Representatives (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the highest governing body in Indonesia.
Early legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 7 June 1999. They were the first elections since the fall of Suharto and end of the New Order, the first free elections in Indonesia since 1955, and the first and only legislative election taken by East Timor during Indonesian provincehood. With the ending of restrictions on political activity following the fall of Suharto, a total of 48 parties contested the 462 seats up for election in the People's Representative Council. A further 38 seats were reserved for members of the armed forces.
The General Elections Commission is the body that organises elections in Indonesia. Its responsibilities include deciding which parties can contest elections, organising the voting and announcing the results and seats won in the various branches of the government.
The Indonesian Solidarity Party is a political party in Indonesia that focuses on women's rights, pluralism, and Indonesian youth. It is led by Kaesang Pangarep who is the youngest son of President Joko Widodo. He joined the party on 23 September 2023 and became the general chairman on 25 September 2023.
General elections were held in Indonesia on 14 February 2024 to elect the president, vice president, People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which consists of the House of Representatives (DPR), the Regional Representative Council (DPD), and members of local legislative bodies (DPRD) at the provincial and city/regency levels. The newly elected members of the MPR will be sworn in on 1 October 2024, while the elected president and vice president will be sworn in on 20 October 2024. Incumbent President Joko Widodo was ineligible to run for a third term due to limitations established by the Indonesian constitution.
Yaqut Cholil Qoumas is an Indonesian cleric and politician who currently serves as the Minister of Religious Affairs under Joko Widodo, appointed since 23 December 2020. He previously chaired the Ansor Youth Movement and was a member of the People's Representative Council, both between 2015 and 2020.
A gubernatorial election will be held in Jakarta in 2024 alongside other local elections nationwide to elect the Governor of Jakarta to a five-year term.
The Malang City Regional House of Representatives is the unicameral municipal legislature of the city of Malang, East Java, Indonesia. It has 45 members, who are elected every five years, simultaneously with the national legislative election.
The 2024 Makassar mayoral election will be held on 27 November 2024 as part of nationwide local elections to elect the mayor of Makassar for a five-year term. The previous election was held in 2020.
The 2024 Southeast Sulawesi gubernatorial election will be held on 27 November 2024 as part of nationwide local elections to elect the governor of Southeast Sulawesi for a five-year term. The previous election was held in 2018.
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