24 Parganas

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Location of 24 Parganas District in West Bengal 24 Parganas.svg
Location of 24 Parganas District in West Bengal

24 Parganas district (cabbiś pargaṇā jēlā) is a former district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was split into two districts North 24 Parganas district and South 24 Parganas district, with effect from 1 March 1980. [1]

Contents

Etymology

The name is derived from the number of parganas or divisions contained in the Zamindari of Calcutta which was ceded to the East India Company by Mir Jafar in 1757. [2]

History

Not much is known about the districts history before the fifteenth century. References to this portion of the Gangetic delta in the Puranas, Mahabharata and Raghuvamsa show that it lay between the kingdom of the Suhmas and the Vangas. [2]

Cessation of land

On 20 December 1757, the then new Nawab of Bengal, Mir Zafar assigned the East India Company zamindari rights over the Zamindari of Calcutta. In 1759, Robert Clive received as a jagir the Zamindari of Calcutta as a result of services rendered in quelling rebellion of the Nawab's eldest son, Shah Alam. In 1765, another grant which received the Nawab's approval gave unconditional proprietary rights of the 24 Parganas for 10 years following which it the proprietary rights would go to the East India Company. [2]

The original 24 parganas were: [3] :20

Later developments

After that, the district's boundaries shifted over time as lands were transferred into the district. Some were transferred from Bardwan in 1816, but later transferred to Hugli in 1862. Some were transferred from Nadia and Jessore in 1834, forming the Barasat division, while the original 24 parganas became known as the Alipur division. Between 1861 and 1863, several more changes took place: all the lands west of the Hugli river were taken out of the district, but the district's northern border was expanded and it was also expanded on the east to include the Sundarbans. [3] :21–2

List of parganas in 1875

By 1875, the name "24 Parganas" was no longer literally true. The British author W.W. Hunter listed 61 parganas in the district at that point, compiled from multiple sources: [3] :241

Hunter also listed 4 others - Guntalkati, Ramchandrapur, Salimabad, and Sayyidpur - which he had been told existed, but which he could not find in any sources. [3] :241

See also

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References

  1. Mandal, Asim Kumar (2003). Google books preview from The Sundarbans of India: A Development Analysis. Indus Publishing. pp. 168–169. ISBN   81-7387-143-4 . Retrieved 4 September 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 O'Malley, Lewis Sydney Steward; I.C.S (2009). Bengal District Gazetteers: 24-Parganas. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN   9788172681937.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Hunter, W. W. (1875). A Statistical Account of Bengal, Volume I. Districts of the 24 Parganas and the Sundarbans. Edinburgh: Murray and Gibb. pp. 222–41.

22°34′22″N88°21′50″E / 22.5726723°N 88.3638815°E / 22.5726723; 88.3638815