Infantry is the branch of an army that engages in military combat on foot, distinguished from cavalry, artillery, and tank forces. Also known as foot soldiers, infantry traditionally relies on moving by foot between combats as well, but may also use mounts, military vehicles, or other transport. Infantry make up a large portion of all armed forces in most nations, and typically bear the largest brunt in warfare, as measured by casualties, deprivation, or physical and psychological stress.
A regiment is a military unit. Their role and size varies markedly, depending on the country and the arm of service.
During the American Civil War, the Union Army referred to the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the Union of the collective states. Also known as the Federal Army, it proved essential to the preservation of the United States of America as a working, viable republic.
The 35th New Jersey Infantry was organized at Flemington, New Jersey for three years service with Company A being the first to muster into the service on August 28, 1863, and the last (Company D) on October 13, 1863, under the command of Colonel John J. Cladek.
Flemington is a borough in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 4,581, reflecting an increase of 381 (+9.1%) from the 4,200 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 153 (+3.8%) from the 4,047 counted in the 1990 Census. It is the county seat of Hunterdon County. Most of the borough is in the Amwell Valley, but northwest portions of the borough sit on the Hunterdon Plateau.
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States. It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, particularly along the extent of the length of New York City on its western edge; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by the Delaware Bay and Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous, with 9 million residents as of 2017, and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states; its biggest city is Newark. New Jersey lies completely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and was the second-wealthiest U.S. state by median household income as of 2017.
In the United States Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force, colonel is the most senior field grade military officer rank, immediately above the rank of lieutenant colonel and immediately below the rank of brigadier general. It is equivalent to the naval rank of captain in the other uniformed services. The pay grade for colonel is O-6.
The regiment was attached to Provisional Brigade, Casey's Division, XXII Corps, to November 1863. District of Columbus, Kentucky, 6th Division, XVI Corps, Department of the Tennessee, to January 1864. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, XVI Corps, to March 1864. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, XVI Corps, to September 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, XVII Corps, to July 1865.
XXII Corps was a corps in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was created on February 2, 1863, to consist of all troops garrisoned in Washington, D.C., and included three infantry divisions and one of cavalry. Many of its units were transferred to the Army of the Potomac during Grant's Overland Campaign.
The XVI Army Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. The corps rarely fought as one unified unit, as its divisions were often scattered across the country.
XVII Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was organized December 18, 1862 as part of Ulysses S. Grant's Army of the Tennessee. It was most notably commanded by Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson and Maj. Gen. Francis P. Blair II, and served in the Western Theater.
The 35th New Jersey Infantry mustered out of service July 20, 1865, at Louisville, Kentucky.
Louisville is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 29th most-populous city in the United States. It is one of two cities in Kentucky designated as first-class, the other being Lexington, the state's second-largest city. Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, located in the state's north and on the border with Indiana.
Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States. Although styled as the "State of Kentucky" in the law creating it, (because in Kentucky's first constitution, the name state was used) Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth. Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.
Detailed service
Left New Jersey for Washington, D.C., October 19, 1863. Duty in the defenses of Washington, D.C., until November 1863. Moved to Eastport, Miss., November 9-28, then to Columbus, Ky., and Union City, Tenn., December 12-20, and duty there until January 16, 1864. Moved to Columbus, Ky., then to Vicksburg, Miss. Meridian Campaign February 3-March 2. Meridian February 9-13. Marion February 15-17. Meridian February 16. Operations in western Tennessee against Forrest March 16-April 14. Atlanta Campaign May 1-September 8. Demonstrations on Resaca May 5-13. Sugar Valley, near Resaca, May 9. Near Resaca May 13. Battle of Resaca May 14-15. Advanced on Dallas May 22-25. Operations on line of Pumpkin Vine Creek and battles about Dallas, New Hope Church, and Allatoona Hills May 25-June 5. Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10-July 2. Assault on Kennesaw June 27. On line of Nickajack Creek July 2-5. Ruff's Mills July 3-4. Chattahoochie River July 5-17. Decatur July 19-22. Battle of Atlanta July 22. Siege of Atlanta July 22-August 25. Flank movement on Jonesboro August 25-30. Battle of Jonesborough August 31-September 1. Lovejoy's Station September 2-6. At Eastpoint until October 4. Pursuit of Hood into Alabama October 4-26. March to the sea November 15-December 10. Siege of Savannah December 10-21. Carolinas Campaign January to April 1865. Reconnaissance to Salkehatchie River January 20, 1865. River's and Broxton Bridges, Salkehatchie River, S.C., February 2. River's Bridge February 3. South Edisto River February 9. North Edisto River, Orangeburg, February 11-12. Columbia February 15-17. Cheraw March 3-4. Battle of Bentonville, N.C., March 20-21. Occupation of Goldsboro March 24. Advanced on Raleigh April 10-14. Occupation of Raleigh April 14. Bennett's House April 26. Surrender of Johnston and his army. Marched to Washington, D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29-May 19. Grand Review of the Armies May 23. Moved to Louisville, Ky., June 5, and duty there until July.
The Grand Review of the Armies was a military procession and celebration in the national capital city of Washington, D.C., on May 23 and May 24, 1865, following the close of the American Civil War (1861-1865). Elements of the Union Army in the United States Army paraded through the streets of the capital to receive accolades from the crowds and reviewing politicians, officials, and prominent citizens, including U.S. President Andrew Johnson, one month after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.
Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 159 men during service; 1 officer and 24 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 132 enlisted men died of disease.
The state of New Jersey in the United States provided a source of troops, equipment and leaders for the Union during the American Civil War. Though no major battles were fought in New Jersey, soldiers and volunteers from New Jersey played an important part in the war, including Philip Kearny and George B. McClellan, who led the Army of the Potomac early in the Civil War and unsuccessfully ran for President of the United States in 1864 against his former commander-in-chief, Abraham Lincoln.
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References
Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908.
Attribution
This article contains text from a text now in the public domain: Dyer, Frederick H. (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. Des Moines, IA: Dyer Publishing Co.
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