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The 10th Army was a field army of the Royal Italian Army, which fought in World War I and in Italian North Africa during World War II.
The Italian participation on the Eastern Front represented the military intervention of the Kingdom of Italy in the Operation Barbarossa, launched by Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union in 1941. The commitment to actively take part in the German offensive was decided by Benito Mussolini a few months before the beginning of the operation, when he became aware of Adolf Hitler's intention to invade, but it was confirmed only in the morning of 22 June 1941, as soon as the Italian dictator was informed that same day the German armies had invaded the Soviet Union.
The 36th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of British Army that fought in the First World War, as part of 12th (Eastern) Division, on the Western Front. The brigade also fought in the Second World War, with the 12th (Eastern) Infantry Division, in France, and later with 78th Infantry Division in Tunisia and Italy.
X Corps was a corps of the British Army that served in the First World War on the Western Front before being disbanded in 1919. The corps was re-formed in 1942 during the Second World War and saw service in the North African Campaign and the Italian Campaign where it came under command of the US Fifth Army and the British Eighth Army.
The Fourth Army was a field army of the Romanian Land Forces active from the 19th century to the 1990s. Its successor is the 4th Infantry Division.
The Alpini Paratroopers Battalion "Monte Cervino" is a Special Forces unit of the Italian Army. The battalion belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and is assigned to the 4th Alpini Paratroopers Regiment. In November 1915, the Royal Italian Army's 4th Alpini Regiment formed the Alpini Battalion "Monte Cervino", which served during World War I on the Italian front. For its conduct and valor during the war the battalion, which was disbanded in 1919, was awarded a Silver Medal of Military Valor.
The 4th Mountain Artillery Regiment is an inactive mountain artillery regiment of the Italian Army, which was based in Susa in Piedmont. The regiment was formed in 1934 by the Royal Italian Army with mountain artillery groups that had served in World War I. The regiment was assigned to the 4th Alpine Division "Cuneense", with which it served during World War II in the invasion of France and the Greco-Italian War. In summer 1942 the division was transferred to the Soviet Union, where it was destroyed in winter 1942-43 during the Soviet Operation Little Saturn. The remnants of the division were repatriated in spring 1943 and invading German forces disbanded the division and its regiments after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943.
The 18th Regiment "Edolo" is an inactive mountain warfare regiment of the Italian Army last based in Meran in South Tyrol. The regiment belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and was a training unit last assigned to the Alpine Troops Command. The regiment was formed in 1997 and consisted of the Alpini Battalion "Edolo", whose flag and traditions it inherited.
The 15th Alpini Regiment is an inactive mountain warfare regiment of the Italian Army last based in Chiusaforte in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The regiment belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and was assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia". The regiment was formed in 1992 and consisted of the Alpini Battalion "Cividale", whose flag and traditions it inherited. The regiment's anniversary falls on 5 January 1943, the day of the Battle of Novaya Kalitva in the Soviet Union.
The 14th Alpini Regiment in a mountain warfare unit of the Italian Army based in Udine in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The regiment belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality. The regiment was formed in 1993 and consisted of the Alpini Battalion "Tolmezzo", whose flag and traditions it inherited. The regiment was disbanded in 2005. On 1 October 2022, the flag and traditions of the 14th Alpini Regiment were assigned to the Command and Tactical Supports Unit "Julia" of the Alpine Brigade "Julia", which on the same day was renamed 14th Alpini Command and Tactical Supports Unit.
Italo Gariboldi was an Italian senior officer in the Royal Army before and during World War II. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross by German dictator Adolf Hitler for his leadership of Italian forces in the Battle of Stalingrad.
The 3rd Alpine Division "Julia" was a division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II, which specialized in mountain warfare. The Alpini that formed the divisions are a highly decorated, elite mountain corps of the Italian Army comprising both infantry and artillery units. Today the traditions and name of the 3rd Alpine Division "Julia" are carried on by the Alpine Brigade "Julia".
During World War II, the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia was a corps-sized expeditionary unit of the Regio Esercito that fought on the Eastern Front. In July 1942 the CSIR entered the newly formed Italian Army in Russia as XXXV Army Corps.
The Italian Army in Russia was a combined force the size of a field army unit of the Regio Esercito which fought on the Eastern Front during World War II between July 1942 and April 1943. The ARMIR was also known as the 8th Italian Army and initially had 235,000 soldiers. The bulk of this force was destroyed by the Soviet Red Army at the Battle of Stalingrad, after which Mussolini withdrew the remnants from Russia to the West.
The 8th Rifle Division was a military formation of the Soviet Union's Red Army in the Winter War, the Soviet invasion of Poland, and World War II. It was formed three times.
The 4th Army was a World War I and World War II field army of the Royal Italian Army.
The Alpini Battalion "Tirano" is an inactive mountain warfare battalion of the Italian Army based last in Mals in South Tyrol. The battalion belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and was assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Orobica". The battalion was formed in 1886 and assigned to the 5th Alpini Regiment. During World War I the battalion fought in the alpine areas of the Italian front. In World War II the battalion fought in the invasion of France, the Greco-Italian War, and on the Eastern Front, where the battalion was almost completely destroyed during the Red Army's Operation Little Saturn in winter 1942–43. On 8 September 1943, the Armistice of Cassibile was announced and two days later, on 10 September 1943, invading German forces disbanded the 5th Alpini Regiment and its battalions.
The Alpini Battalion "Val Chiese" is an inactive mountain warfare battalion of the Italian Army based last in Sterzing in South Tyrol. The battalion belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and was assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Orobica". In 1915, the Royal Italian Army's 5th Alpini Regiment formed the Alpini Battalion "Val Chiese", which fought in World War I in the alpine areas of the Italian front. The battalion was disbanded in 1919.
The Mountain Artillery Group "Asiago" is an inactive mountain artillery group of the Italian Army, which was based in Toblach in South Tyrol. The group consisted of mountain artillery batteries, had been formed in December 1914 and served in World War I on the Italian front. During World War II the batteries were assigned to the Alpine Artillery Group "Val Camonica" of the 2nd Alpine Artillery Regiment "Tridentina", which distinguished itself on the Eastern Front. The Mountain Artillery Group "Asiago" was formed in 1952 and assigned to the 2nd Mountain Artillery Regiment of the Alpine Brigade "Tridentina". In 1975 the group became an autonomous unit and was granted a flag and coat of arms. After the end of the Cold War the group was disbanded in 1991.
The 11th Heavy Field Artillery Regiment is an inactive artillery regiment of the Italian Army, which was based in Persano in Campania and assigned to the Bersaglieri Brigade "Garibaldi". Originally an artillery regiment of the Royal Italian Army, the regiment was formed in 1920 with pre-existing groups, which had fought during World War I on the Italian front. The regiment was disbanded in 1926 and reformed in 1939. During World War II the regiment formed an army corps artillery grouping, which served in 1942-43 with the Italian 8th Army on the Eastern Front. The regiment and its grouping were disbanded by invading German forces after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943.