Anthiinae

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Anthiinae
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Tosanoides flavofasciatus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Anthiinae
Poey, 1861 [1] [2]
Genera

See text

Synonyms

Anthiadinae Poey, 1861

Anthias are members of the family Serranidae and make up the subfamily Anthiinae. [1] The name Anthiidae is preoccupied by a subfamily of ground beetles in the family Carabidae created by Bonelli in 1813 and this grouping should be called the Anthiadinae. [3] [4] However, both the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World and Fishbase give the Serranid subfamily as "Anthiinae". [5] [6]

Anthias are mostly small, thus are quite popular within the ornamental fish trade. They form complex social structures based on the number of males and females and also their position on the reef itself, and are mainly zooplankton feeders. They occur in all tropical oceans and seas of the world. The first species recognized in this group was described in the Mediterranean and northeast Atlantic and was given name Anthias anthias by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.

Anthias can shoal by the thousands. Anthias do school in these large groups, though they tend toward more intimate subdivisions within the school, appropriately called "harems". These consist of one dominant, colorful male, and two to 12 females — which have their own hierarchy among them — and up to two 'subdominant' males, often less brightly colored and not territorial. Within the swarm of females, territorial males perform acrobatic U-swim displays and vigorously defend an area of the reef and its associated harem.

Most anthias are protogynous hermaphrodites. These anthias are born female; if a dominant male perishes, the largest female of the group will often change into a male to take its place. This may lead to squabbling between the next-largest male, which sees an opportunity to advance, and the largest female, whose hormones are surging with testosterone.[ tone ]

Seven genera of anthias are known to occur in coral reef ecosystems: Holanthias , Luzonichthys , Nemanthias , Plectranthias , Pseudanthias , Rabaulichthys , and Serranocirrhitus . Members of all these genera make it into the aquarium trade, although Pseudanthias is by far the most encountered in the hobby.

Genera

The following genera are classified within the Anthiinae: [7] [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serranidae</span> Family of fishes

The Serranidae are a large family of fishes belonging to the order Perciformes. The family contains about 450 species in 65 genera, including the sea basses and the groupers. Although many species are small, in some cases less than 10 cm (3.9 in), the giant grouper is one of the largest bony fishes in the world, growing to 2.7 m in length and 400 kg (880 lb) in weight. Representatives of this group live in tropical and subtropical seas worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grouper</span> Subfamily of fishes

Groupers are fish of any of a number of genera in the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae, in the order Perciformes.

<i>Epinephelus</i> Genus of fishes

Epinephelus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, groupers from the subfamily Epinephelinae, part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. They are predatory fish, largely associated with reefs and are found in tropical and subtropical seas throughout the world. They are important target species for fisheries.

<i>Plectranthias</i> Genus of fishes

Plectranthias is a genus of ray-finned fish in the subfamily Anthiinae, part of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. They are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.

<i>Pseudanthias</i> Genus of fishes

Pseudanthias is a genus of colourful reef fishes of the subfamily Anthiinae, part of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. They are found in the Indo-Pacific. The species belonging to this genus have a diet consisting of zooplankton, and are haremic. Fishes currently included in this genus were earlier part of the genus Anthias. Pseudanthias is the largest anthiine genus

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lutjanidae</span> Family of fishes

Lutjanidae, or snappers are a family of perciform fish, mainly marine, but with some members inhabiting estuaries, feeding in fresh water. The family includes about 113 species. Some are important food fish. One of the best known is the red snapper.

<i>Pseudanthias bartlettorum</i> Species of fish

Pseudanthias bartlettorum, Bartlett's anthias is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It occurs in the Pacific Ocean. This fish is sometimes kept in aquaria.

<i>Pseudanthias bicolor</i> Species of fish

Pseudanthias bicolor, the bicolor anthias or yellowback basslet is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 13 cm in length.

<i>Pseudanthias parvirostris</i> Species of fish

Pseudanthias parvirostris, the sunset anthias is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 7.5 cm in length.

Pseudanthias heemstrai, the orange-headed anthias, Heemstra's anthias or redhead anthias is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the genus Pseudanthias, the subfamily Anthiinae of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is endemism to the Red Sea. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 13 cm in length.

<i>Pseudanthias huchtii</i> Species of fish

Pseudanthias huchtii, the red cheek fairy basslet, threadfin anthias or Pacific basslet is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a member of the genus Pseudanthias which is part of the subfamily Anthiinae, which in turn is part of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It comes from the Western Central Pacific Ocean. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 12 cm in length.

<i>Anthias</i> (genus) Genus of fishes

Anthias is a genus of colourful fishes in the subfamily Anthiadinae. Most species are found at deep reefs in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, often well below depths reachable to a scuba diver. A single species, A. noeli, is found at deep reefs in the East Pacific.

<i>Odontanthias</i> Genus of fishes

Odontanthias is a genus of marine ray-finned fish in the subfamily Anthiinae and family Serranidae. Depending on the exact species, they reach up to 10–22 cm (3.9–8.7 in) in standard length, and are brightly marked with pink and yellow. They are found at rocky reefs in deep water, mainly below 100 m (330 ft). The genus is almost entirely restricted to the Indo-Pacific; O. cauoh of the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago and O. hensleyi of the Caribbean are the only species known from outside the Indo-Pacific and evidence indicates that the latter belongs in Anthias.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawkfish anthias</span> Species of fish

The hawkfish anthias, also known as the swallowtail basslet, coral perch, hawk anthias, fathead anthias, or sunburst anthias, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, an anthias from the subfamily Anthiinae part of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is the only member of the genus Serranocirrhitus. It is found in the Western Pacific Ocean. It is sometimes found in the aquarium trade.

'Pseudanthias ignitus, the flame anthias or flame basslet is a species of marine ray-finned fish, an anthias from the subfamily Anthiinae part of the family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Choranthias</i> Genus of fishes

Choranthias is a genus of marine ray-finned fish from the grouper and sea bass family Serranidae. It was created in 2012 and the name is a compound of the Greek chora meaning "room" or "space" and anthias meaning a "seafish", a reference to the broken lateral line of this genus compared to the other genera classified within the subfamily Anthiinae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epinephelini</span> Tribe of fishes

Epinephelini is one of the five tribes in the subfamily Epinephelinae, the groupers, which is part of the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and the sea basses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liopropomini</span> Tribe of fishes

Liopropomini is one of the five tribes in the subfamily Epinephelinae, the group including the groupers, which is part of the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and the sea basses. They are found mainly in the Indo-Pacific region and in the Western Atlantic Ocean with a single species in the eastern Atlantic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grammistini</span> Tribe of fishes

Grammistini is one of the five tribes in the subfamily Epinephelinae, the group including the groupers, which is part of the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and the sea basses. They are found in tropical oceans around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serraninae</span> Subfamily of fishes

The Serraninae is a subfamily of perciform ray-finned fishes in the family Serranidae. It is made up of ten genera and 87 species.

References

  1. 1 2 Pyle, R.L., Greene, B.D. & Kosaki, R.K. (2016): Tosanoides obama, a new basslet (Perciformes, Percoidei, Serranidae) from deep coral reefs in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. ZooKeys, 641: 165–181.
  2. Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1 . PMID   25543675.
  3. Bailly, Nicolas (2018). "Anthiinae Poey, 1861". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  4. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Anthiadinae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  5. 1 2 J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 446–448. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  6. Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2019). "Serranidae" in FishBase . December 2019 version.
  7. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Serranidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  8. 1 2 Anderson, W.D. Jr.; Heemstra, P.C. (2012). "Review of Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Anthiine Fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Serranidae), with Descriptions of Two New Genera". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 102 (2): 1–173.