Antimony sulfide

Last updated March 09, 2019

Antimony sulfide may refer to either of two compounds of antimony and sulfur:

Antimony Chemical element with atomic number 51

Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from Latin: stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb₂S₃). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name, kohl. Metallic antimony was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery. The earliest known description of the metal in the West was written in 1540 by Vannoccio Biringuccio.

Sulfur Chemical element with atomic number 16

Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula S₈. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room temperature.

Antimony trisulfide, Sb₂S₃
Antimony pentasulfide, Sb₂S₅

Antimony trisulfide (Sb₂S₃) is found in nature as the crystalline mineral stibnite and the amorphous red mineral metastibnite. It is manufactured for use in safety matches, military ammunition, explosives and fireworks. It also is used in the production of ruby-colored glass and in plastics as a flame retardant. Historically the stibnite form was used as a grey pigment in paintings produced in the 16th century. It is a semiconductor with a direct band gap of 1.8-2.5 eV. With suitable doping, p and n type materials can be produced.

Antimony pentasulfide is an inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur, also known as antimony red. It is a nonstoichiometric compound with a variable composition. Its exact structure is unknown. Commercial samples are usually contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with carbon disulfide in a Soxhlet extractor.

This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

Related Research Articles

Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb₂S₃. This soft grey material crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group. It is the most important source for the metalloid antimony. The name is from the Greek στίβι stibi through the Latin stibium as the old name for the mineral and the element antimony.

Stibine (IUPAC name: stibane) is a chemical compound with the formula SbH₃. A pnictogen hydride, this colourless gas is the principal covalent hydride of antimony, and a heavy analogue of ammonia. The molecule is pyramidal with H–Sb–H angles of 91.7° and Sb–H distances of 170.7 pm (1.707 Å). This gas has an offensive smell like hydrogen sulfide (rotten eggs).

Antimony(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Sb₂O₃. It is the most important commercial compound of antimony. It is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite. Like most polymeric oxides, Sb₂O₃ dissolves in aqueous solutions with hydrolysis.

Sodium thioantimoniate chemical compound

Sodium thioantimoniate is an inorganic compound with the formula Na₃SbS₄. The nonahydrate of this material is known as Schlippe's salt, named after K. F. Schlippe (1799–1867), These compounds are examples of sulfosalts. They were once of interest as species generated in qualitative inorganic analysis.

Antimony pentafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula SbF₅. This colourless, viscous liquid is a valuable Lewis acid and a component of the superacid fluoroantimonic acid, the strongest known acid. It is notable for its Lewis acidity and its ability to react with almost all known compounds.

Fluoroantimonic acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H^₂FSbF^₆ (also written H^₂F[SbF^₆], 2HF·SbF₅, or simply HF-SbF₅). It is an extremely strong acid, easily qualifying as a superacid. The Hammett acidity function, H₀, has been measured for different ratios of HF:SbF₅. While the H₀ of pure HF is −15, addition of just 1 mol % of SbF₅ lowers it to around −20. However, further addition of SbF₅ results in rapidly diminishing returns, with the H₀ reaching −21 at 10 mol %. The use of an extremely weak base as indicator shows that the lowest attainable H₀, even with > 50 mol % SbF₅, is somewhere between −21 and −23.

Antimony oxychloride, known since the 15th century, has been known by a plethora of alchemical names. Since the compound functions as both an emetic and a laxative, it was originally used as a purgative.

Antimony pentachloride chemical compound

Antimony pentachloride is a chemical compound with the formula SbCl₅. It is a colourless oil, but typical samples are yellowish due to impurities. Owing to its tendency to hydrolyse to hydrochloric acid, SbCl₅ is a highly corrosive substance and carbonizes non-fluorinated plastics.

Antimony pentoxide (molecular formula: Sb₂O₅) is a chemical compound of antimony and oxygen. It always occurs in hydrated form, Sb₂O₅·nH₂O. It contains antimony in the +5 oxidation state.

Antimony trichloride is the chemical compound with the formula SbCl₃. The soft colorless solid with a pungent odor was known to the alchemists as butter of antimony.

Antimony tribromide (SbBr₃) is a chemical compound containing antimony in its +3 oxidation state.

Antimony trifluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula SbF₃. Sometimes called Swart's reagent, is one of two principal fluorides of antimony, the other being SbF₅. It appears as a white solid. As well as some industrial applications, it is used as a reagent in inorganic and organofluorine chemistry.

Antimony(III) acetate is the compound of antimony with the chemical formula of Sb(CH₃CO₂)₃. It is a white powder, is moderately water-soluble, and is used as a catalyst in the production of polyesters.

Antimony tetroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb₂O₄. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite, is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. The material, with empirical formula SbO₂, is called antimony tetroxide to signify the presence of two kinds of Sb centers.

Organoantimony chemistry is the chemistry of compounds containing a carbon to antimony (Sb) chemical bond. Relevant oxidation states are Sb(V) and Sb(III). The toxicity of antimony limits practical application in organic chemistry.

Antimony telluride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Sb₂Te₃. It is a grey crystalline solid with layered structure. Layers consist of two atomic sheets of antimony and three atomic sheets of tellurium and are held together by weak van der Waals forces. Sb₂Te₃ is a narrow-gap semiconductor with a band gap 0.21 eV; it is also a topological insulator, and thus exhibits thickness-dependent physical properties.

Antimony sulfate, Sb₂(SO₄)₃, is a hygroscopic material is formed by reacting antimony or its compounds with hot sulfuric acid. It is used in doping of semiconductors and in the production of explosives and fireworks.