Asparagaceae

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Asparagaceae
Asperge in bloei Asparagus officinalis.jpg
Asparagus officinalis in flower
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Juss. [1]
Genera

See text

Synonyms
  • Asparageae

Asparagaceae, known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. [1] The family name is based on the edible, garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis . Those who live in the temperate climates may be surprised to learn that this family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants. The garden plants, include: asparagus, yucca, bluebell, and hosta. And the houseplants, include: snake plant, corn cane, spider plant and plumosus fern.

Contents

Taxonomy

In earlier classification systems, the species involved were often treated as belonging to the family Liliaceae. The APG II system of 2003 allowed two options as to the circumscription of the family: either Asparagaceae sensu lato ("in the wider sense") combining seven previously recognized families, or Asparagaceae sensu stricto ("in the strict sense") consisting of very few genera (notably Asparagus , also Hemiphylacus ), but nevertheless totalling a few hundred species. The revised APG III system of 2009 allows only the broader sense. A paper published at the same time proposed seven subfamilies to correspond to the originally separate families. [2] These are:

Genera

Asparagaceae includes 114 genera with a total of approximately 2,900 known species. [3] Unless otherwise noted, the alphabetical list below is based on genera accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as in the family Asparagaceae (with synonyms from the same source). [4] The reference against the subfamily name is to the source which places the genus in that subfamily.

Asparagaceae genera [4]
SubfamilyGenus
Lomandroideae [5] Acanthocarpus Lehm.
Agavoideae [6] Agave L.
Scilloideae [7] Albuca L. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum [7] )
Scilloideae [7] Alrawia (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo
Brodiaeoideae [6] Androstephium Torr.
Agavoideae [6] Anemarrhena Bunge
Agavoideae [6] Anthericum L.
Aphyllanthoideae [6] Aphyllanthes L.
Lomandroideae [6] Arthropodium R.Br.
Asparagoideae [6] Asparagus Tourn. ex L.
Nolinoideae [6] Aspidistra Ker Gawl. (including AntherolophusGagnep., ColaniaGagnep.)
Scilloideae [7] Barnardia Lindl.
Nolinoideae [7] Beaucarnea Lem.
Agavoideae [6] Behnia Didr.
Scilloideae [7] Bellevalia Lapeyr. (including StrangwejaBertol.)
Agavoideae [6] Beschorneria Kunth
Brodiaeoideae [6] Bessera Schult.f. (including Behria)
Brodiaeoideae [6] Bloomeria Kellogg
Scilloideae [7] Bowiea Harv. ex Hook.f. (Climbing Onion, Sea Onion)
Scilloideae [7] Brimeura Salisb.
Brodiaeoideae [6] Brodiaea Sm.
Nolinoideae [6] Calibanus Rose
Agavoideae [6] Camassia Lindl.
Nolinoideae [7] Campylandra Baker
Lomandroideae [6] Chamaescilla F.Muell. ex Benth.
Lomandroideae [7] Chamaexeros Benth.
Scilloideae [7] Chionodoxa Boiss. (included in Scilla L. by some sources)
Agavoideae [6] Chlorogalum (Lindl.) Kunth
Agavoideae [6] Chlorophytum Ker Gawl.
Nolinoideae [6] Comospermum Rauschert
Nolinoideae [6] Convallaria L.
Lomandroideae [6] Cordyline Comm. ex R.Br. (including CohniaKunth)
Nolinoideae [6] Danae Medik.
Brodiaeoideae [6] Dandya H.E.Moore
Nolinoideae [5] Dasylirion Zucc.
Scilloideae [7] Daubenya Lindl. (including AmphisiphonW.F.Barker, AndrosiphonSchltr.)
Agavoideae [7] Diamena Ravenna
Brodiaeoideae [6] Dichelostemma Kunth (including Brevoortia, Stropholirion)
Lomandroideae [7] Dichopogon Kunth (may be included in Arthropodium)
Agavoideae [7] Diora Ravenna
Scilloideae [7] Dipcadi Medik. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum [7] )
Brodiaeoideae [7] Dipterostemon Rydb.
Nolinoideae [7] Disporopsis Hance
Nolinoideae [6] Dracaena Vand. ex L.
Scilloideae [7] Drimia Jacq. (including LitanthusHarv., RhadamanthusSalisb., RhodocodonBaker, SypharissaSalisb., TenicroaRaf., ThuranthosC.H.Wright, UrgineaSteinh., UrgineopsisCompton)
Scilloideae [7] Drimiopsis Lindl. & Paxton (sometimes included in Ledebouria [7] )
Agavoideae [6] Echeandia Ortega
Agavoideae [5] Eremocrinum M.E.Jones
Nolinoideae [6] Eriospermum Jacq.
Scilloideae [7] Eucomis L'Hér.
Lomandroideae [6] Eustrephus R.Br.
Agavoideae [5] Furcraea Vent.
Scilloideae [7] Galtonia Decne. (included in Ornithogalum L. by some sources)
Agavoideae [7] Hagenbachia Nees & Mart.
Agavoideae [6] Hastingsia S.Watson
Asparagoideae [6] Hemiphylacus S.Watson
Agavoideae [6] Herreria Ruiz & Pav.
Agavoideae [6] Herreriopsis H.Perrier
Agavoideae [7] Hesperaloe Engelm. in S.Watson
Agavoideae [6] Hesperocallis A.Gray
Agavoideae [7] Hesperoyucca (Engelm.) Trel. (included in Yucca by some sources)
Nolinoideae [7] Heteropolygonatum M.N.Tamura & Ogisu
Agavoideae [6] Hosta Tratt.
Scilloideae [7] Hyacinthella Schur
Scilloideae [7] Hyacinthoides Heist. ex Fabr. (including EndymionDumort.)
Scilloideae [7] Hyacinthus Tourn. ex L.
Scilloideae [7] Lachenalia Jacq. ex Murray (including BrachyscyphaBaker, PeriboeaKunth, PolyxenaKunth)
Lomandroideae [6] Laxmannia R.Br. (including BartlingiaF. Mueller)
Scilloideae [7] Ledebouria Roth (including Resnovavan der Merwe [7] )
Scilloideae [7] Leopoldia Parl.
Agavoideae [6] Leucocrinum Nutt. ex A.Gray
Nolinoideae [5] Liriope Lour.
Lomandroideae [6] Lomandra Labill. (including XerotesR. Brown)
Nolinoideae [6] Maianthemum F.H.Wigg. (including OligobotryaBaker, SmilacinaDesf.)
Agavoideae [5] Manfreda Salisb. (included in Agave by some sources)
Scilloideae [7] Massonia Thunb. ex Houtt. (including NeobakeriaSchltr., WhiteheadiaHarv.)
Scilloideae [7] Merwilla Speta
Brodiaeoideae [6] Milla Cav. (including Diphalangium)
Brodiaeoideae [6] Muilla S.Watson ex Benth.
Lomandroideae [7] Murchisonia Brittan
Scilloideae [7] Muscari Mill. (including BotryanthusKunth, MuscarimiaKostel., PseudomuscariGarbari & Greuter)
Nolinoideae [6] Nolina Michx.
Nolinoideae [6] Ophiopogon Ker Gawl.
Scilloideae [7] Ornithogalum L. (including BattandieraMaire, Elsiea F.M.Leight., NeopatersoniaSchonl.)
Scilloideae [7] Oziroe Raf. (including FortunatiaJ.F.Macbr.)
Agavoideae [6] Paradisea Mazzuc.
Nolinoideae [6] Peliosanthes Andrews
Brodiaeoideae [6] Petronymphe H.E.Moore
Agavoideae [5] Polianthes L. (included in Agave by some sources)
Nolinoideae [6] Polygonatum Mill.
Agavoideae [7] Prochnyanthes S.Watson
Scilloideae [7] Prospero Salisb.
Scilloideae [7] Pseudogaltonia (Kuntze) Engl. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum [7] )
Scilloideae [7] Pseudoprospero Speta
Scilloideae [7] Puschkinia Adams
Nolinoideae [7] Reineckea Kunth
Nolinoideae [7] Rohdea Roth (including GonioscyphaBaker)
Lomandroideae [7] Romnalda P.F.Stevens
Nolinoideae [6] Ruscus L.
Nolinoideae [5] Sansevieria Thunb.
Scilloideae [7] Schizobasis Baker (sometimes included in Drimia [7] )
Scilloideae [7] Schizocarphus van der Merwe
Agavoideae [6] Schoenolirion Durand
Scilloideae [7] Scilla L.
Nolinoideae [6] Semele Kunth
Lomandroideae [7] Sowerbaea Sm.
Nolinoideae [6] Speirantha Baker
Scilloideae [7] Spetaea Wetschnig & Pfosser
Nolinoideae [7] Theropogon Maxim.
Lomandroideae [6] Thysanotus R.Br.
Lomandroideae [7] Trichopetalum Lindl. (including BottinaeaColla)
Brodiaeoideae [6] Triteleia Douglas ex Lindl. (including Hesperoscordium, Themis)
Brodiaeoideae [6] Triteleiopsis Hoover
Nolinoideae [6] Tupistra Ker Gawl. (including CampylandraBaker, TricalistraRidl.)
Scilloideae [7] Veltheimia Gled.
Lomandroideae [6] Xerolirion A.S.George
Agavoideae [6] Yucca L. (including Samuela)

Related Research Articles

<i>Muilla</i> Genus of flowering plants in the asparagus family

The genus Muilla includes four to five species of flowering plants.

Hemerocallidoideae Subfamily of flowering plants

Hemerocallidoideae is the a subfamily of flowering plants, part of the family Asphodelaceae sensu lato in the monocot order Asparagales according to the APG system of 2016. Earlier classification systems treated the group as a separate family, the Hemerocallidaceae. The name is derived from the generic name of the type genus, Hemerocallis. The largest genera in the group are Dianella, Hemerocallis (15), and Caesia (11).

Nolinoideae Subfamily of flowering plants

Nolinoideae is a monocot subfamily of the family Asparagaceae in the APG III system of 2009. It used to be treated as a separate family, Ruscaceae s.l. The family name is derived from the generic name of the type genus, Nolina.

Asphodelaceae Family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales

Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes about 40 genera and 900 known species. The type genus is Asphodelus.

Lomandroideae Subfamily of flowering plants

Lomandroideae is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, order Asparagales, according to the APG III system of 2009. The subfamily name is derived from the generic name of the type genus, Lomandra. The group has previously been treated as a separate family Laxmanniaceae. In the Kubitzki system, it is treated as Lomandraceae Lotsy.

<i>Eriospermum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Eriospermum is a genus of tuberous flowering plants. It contains about 80-100 species, native to sub-Saharan Africa.

<i>Acanthocarpus</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Acanthocarpus is a genus in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Lomandroideae, in the APG III system of classification. It has been difficult to place at family rank, being placed at various times in Dasypogonaceae as well as the Asparagaceae. The entire genus is endemic to the State of Western Australia.

<i>Dichopogon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dichopogon is a genus of perennial herbs, native to Australia and New Guinea. It is included in the genus Arthropodium by some authorities, although recognized as a distinct genus by others. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Lomandroideae.

Asparagoideae Subfamily of plants

Asparagoideae is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, order Asparagales, according to the APG III system of 2009. The subfamily name is derived from the generic name of the type genus, Asparagus. The group has previously been treated as a separate family Asparagaceae sensu stricto.

<i>Behnia</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the agave, yucca, and Joshua tree subfamily

Behnia is a genus of flowering plants. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. There is only one known species, Behnia reticulata, native to southern Africa.

<i>Schoenolirion</i> Genus of flowering plants

Schoenolirion, rush-lily or sunnybell, is a genus of three recognized species of flowering plants, all endemic to the southeastern United States. In the APG III classification system, the genus is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae.

Herreriopsis is a genus of one species of flowering plants, endemic to Madagascar. In the APG III classification system, the genus is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. The sole species is Herreriopsis elegans.

Hemiphylacus is a genus of flowering plants endemic to Mexico. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Asparagoideae.

Dandya is a genus of about four species of flowering plants, all endemic to Mexico. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the asparagus family, and the cluster lily subfamily.

  1. Dandya balsensisA.R.López-Ferrari & Espejo - central and southern Mexico
  2. Dandya hannibaliiL.W.Lenz - Michoacán
  3. Dandya purpusii(Brandegee) H.E.Moore - Coahuila
  4. Dandya thadhowardiiL.W.Lenz - Michoacán, Guerrero

Petronymphe is a genus of flowering plants endemic to Mexico. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Brodiaeoideae.

Triteleiopsis, common name Bajalily or blue sand lily, is a genus of one known species of flowering plant found in Sonora, Baja California and southwestern Arizona. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Brodiaeoideae.

<i>Comospermum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Comospermum is a genus of one species of flowering plant found in southern Japan. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae.

<i>Semele</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Semele is a genus of flowering plants native to the Canary Islands and Madeira. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae.

Erinna is a genus of perennial herbaceous geophytes in the flowering plant family Amaryllidaceae. It is native to Chile, South America. It is included in the tribe Gilliesieae, within the subfamily Allioideae. The genus is monotypic, with a single species, Erinna gilliesioides. It is relatively rare.

Families of Asparagales

The Asparagales are an order of plants, and on this page the structure of the order is used according to the APG III system. The order takes its name from the family Asparagaceae and is placed in the monocots. The order is clearly circumscribed on the basis of DNA sequence analysis, but is difficult to define morphologically, since its members are structurally diverse. The APG III system is used in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families from the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew. With this circumscription, the order consists of 14 families with approximately 1120 genera and 26000 species.

References

  1. 1 2 Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x
  2. ↑ Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  3. ↑ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 .
  4. 1 2 WCSP (2011), World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, archived from the original on March 7, 2012, retrieved 2011-05-25
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, archived from the original on 2011-06-03, retrieved 2011-05-29
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 "Query GRIN Taxonomy for Plants". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-05-30.

Bibliography

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