Atherton, California

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Atherton, California
Town
Town of Atherton
Holbrook-Palmer Park Atherton California.jpg
Holbrook-Palmer Park
Seal of Atherton, California.png
Seal
San Mateo County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Atherton Highlighted 0603092.svg
Location of Atherton in San Mateo County, California
USA California location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Atherton
Location in the United States
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Atherton
Atherton (the United States)
Coordinates: 37°27′31″N122°12′0″W / 37.45861°N 122.20000°W / 37.45861; -122.20000 Coordinates: 37°27′31″N122°12′0″W / 37.45861°N 122.20000°W / 37.45861; -122.20000 [1]
Country United States
State California
County San Mateo
Incorporated September 12, 1923 [2]
Named for Faxon Dean Atherton [2]
Government
 •  City council [3]
  • Mayor Rick DeGolia
  • Vice Mayor Bill Widmer
  • Elizabeth Lewis
  • Robert Polito
  • Diana Hawkins Manuelian
 •  Assemblymember Alex Lee (D) (24th) [4]
 •  State Senator Josh Becker (D) (13th) [4]
 •  U.S. Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D) (18th) [5]
Area
[6]
 • Total5.05 sq mi (13.07 km2)
 • Land5.02 sq mi (12.99 km2)
 • Water0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2)  0.63%
Elevation
[1]
59 ft (18 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total7,193
 • Density1,433.01/sq mi (553.28/km2)
Time zone UTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP Code [7]
94027
Area code [8] 650
FIPS code 06-03092
GNIS feature IDs 1657960, 2411651
Website www.ci.atherton.ca.us

Atherton ( /ˈæθərtən/ ) is an incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, United States. Its population was 7,188 as of 2020.

Contents

The town has very restrictive zoning, only permitting one single-family home per acre and no sidewalks. This policy that prohibits homes from being on less than an acre. The inhabitants have strongly opposed proposals to permit more housing construction.

The locality engaged in multi-year lawsuits delaying the electrification of Caltrain, which serves cities in the San Francisco Peninsula and Silicon Valley.

Atherton is known for its wealth; in 1990 and 2019, [9] Atherton was ranked as having the highest per capita income among U.S. towns with a population between 2,500 and 9,999, [10] and it is regularly ranked as the most expensive ZIP Code in the United States. [11] [12] [13] [14]

The city is also 72.9% White (non Hispanic), [15] and is one of the least diverse cities in Silicon Valley.

History

The entire area was originally part of the Rancho de las Pulgas.

Californio politician Jose Dario Arguello; owner of Rancho de las Pulgas from 1795. Jose Dario Arguello.jpg
Californio politician José Darío Argüello; owner of Rancho de las Pulgas from 1795.

During the 1860s, Atherton was known as Fair Oaks. In 1923, it was decided to rename the town in honor of Faxon Dean Atherton, a former 19th century landowner on the south peninsula. [16]

Lawsuit against the electrification of Caltrain

The town has been involved in lawsuits to block and delay high-speed rail in California. [17] [18] Atherton was an early and vocal opponent of electrification of the U.S. commuter railroad Caltrain, which serves cities in the San Francisco Peninsula and Silicon Valley. Residents opposed electrification and the proposed high-speed rail route because the overhead electrical lines would require tree removal and the town could potentially be divided by the closing of the two grade crossings at Fair Oaks Lane and Watkins Avenue. [19]

In February 2015, shortly after the project received environmental clearance from the state, Atherton sued Caltrain, alleging the agency's environmental impact review was inadequate and that its collaboration with the CHSRA should be further vetted. [20] In July 2015, the suit proceeded after Caltrain's request to the Surface Transportation Board to exempt it from California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) guidelines was denied. Atherton reiterated its opposition to electrification on the basis that overhead wires would require removing a significant number of heritage trees, and city representatives asserted that "newer, cleaner, more efficient diesel trains" should supplant plans for "century-old catenary electrical line technology". Atherton mayor Rick De Golia was quoted as saying "Caltrain is locked into an old technology and 20th century thinking". [21] After Caltrain issued infrastructure and rolling stock contracts in July 2016, Atherton representatives did not file a temporary restraining order to halt those contracts, preferring to let the suit proceed to a hearing. [22] In September 2016, Contra Costa County Superior Court Judge Barry Goode sided with Caltrain, ruling that the electrification project did not hinge on the high-speed rail project's success, and was thus independent from the latter. [23] [24]

Atherton sued CHSRA again in December 2016, stating that using bond money intended for high-speed rail for CalMod was a material change in usage and therefore was unconstitutional because such a change would require voter approval first. [25] In response, the California Legislature allowed the funding to be redirected by passing Assembly Bill No. 1889, which had been championed by Assemblymember Kevin Mullin in 2015. [26] Mullin noted "this entire Caltrain corridor is the epicenter of the innovation economy and it's a job creation and economic engine. This electrification project, I would argue, is monumental with regard to dealing with [increased traffic and environmental impacts] effectively and efficiently." [25]

The Caltrain station closed in 2020. [27] [28]

Land use and housing

Atherton is the wealthiest city in the United States. [29] [10] According to the San Francisco Chronicle, "the town’s ascendance stems largely from its single-family zoning, 1-acre-minimum lot sizes, flat land, streamlined permits and changing buyer demographics — which have translated into soaring house sizes and skyrocketing prices." [30] There is no commercial zoning in the town, thus there are no restaurants, shops or grocery stores. [31] There are no sidewalks in Atherton, only road lanes. [32]

The town has very restrictive zoning, only permitting one single-family home per acre and no sidewalks. [33] This policy that prohibits homes from being on less than an acre, resulting in the average home price of over 7.5 million dollars. [34] Additionally, the inhabitants have strongly opposed proposals to permit more housing construction. [33] Due to the passage of SB 9 in 2022, these zoning restrictions that limit how many units can be built on a property are nullified. [35]

In 2022, the town blocked a proposal to build 131 multifamily housing units in the town amid strong criticism by locals. [36] Housing advocates have criticized Atherton as being a NIMBY town. [31] [36] In 2022, California Governor Gavin Newsom singled out Atherton in a speech for its restrictive housing policies. [37]

Atherton's current land use goal is "To preserve the Town's character as a scenic, rural, thickly wooded residential area with abundant open space." [38]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 5.0 square miles (13 km2), of which, 5.0 square miles (13 km2) of it is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km2) of it (0.63%) is water.

Atherton lies two miles (3.2 km) southeast of Redwood City, and 18 miles (29 km) northwest of San Jose. The town is considered to be part of the San Francisco metropolitan area.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1930 1,324—
1940 1,90844.1%
1950 3,63090.3%
1960 7,717112.6%
1970 8,0854.8%
1980 7,797−3.6%
1990 7,163−8.1%
2000 7,1940.4%
2010 6,914−3.9%
2020 7,1884.0%
U.S. Decennial Census [39]

2000

At the 2000 census there were 7,194 people in 2,413 households, including 1,984 families, in the town. The population density was 1,467.6 inhabitants per square mile (566.6/km2). There were 2,505 housing units at an average density of 511.0 per square mile (197.3/km2). [40] Of the 2,413 households 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.6% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.8% were non-families. 12.8% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.06.

The age distribution was 23.7% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 18.7% from 25 to 44, 30.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% 65 or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 90.2 men.

The median income for a household in the town was in excess of $200,000, as is the median family income. Males had a median income of over $100,000 versus $68,393 for females. The per capita income for the town was $112,408. About 0.8% of families and 1.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010

At the 2010 census Atherton had a population of 6,914. The population density was 1,369.5 inhabitants per square mile (528.8/km2). The racial makeup of Atherton was 5,565 (80.5%) White, 75 (1.1%) African American, 7 (0.1%) Native American, 911 (13.2%) Asian, 45 (0.7%) Pacific Islander, 95 (1.4%) from other races, and 216 (3.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 268 people (3.9%). [41]

The census reported that 6,529 people (94.4% of the population) lived in households, 385 (5.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 2,330 households, 787 (33.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,755 (75.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 109 (4.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 48 (2.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 34 (1.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 15 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 321 households (13.8%) were one person and 178 (7.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.80. There were 1,912 families (82.1% of households); the average family size was 3.03.

The age distribution was 1,543 people (22.3%) under the age of 18, 579 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 966 people (14.0%) aged 25 to 44, 2,264 people (32.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,562 people (22.6%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 48.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there were 95.3 men.

The median household income was in excess of $250,000, the highest of any place in the United States. [42] The per capita income for the town was $128,816. About 2.9% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.6% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

There were 2,530 housing units at an average density of 501.1 per square mile, of the occupied units 2,116 (90.8%) were owner-occupied and 214 (9.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.9%. 5,921 people (85.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 608 people (8.8%) lived in rental housing units.

Forbes ranked Atherton as second on its list of America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes in 2010, listing median house price as over $2,000,000. [43]

2020

At the 2020 census Atherton had a population of 7,193 and 2,252 households, the homeowner vacancy rate was 0%. The population density was 1,424.3 inhabitants per square mile (549.9/km2).

There was an average 2.94 people per household, 89.2% of homes were owner occupied and 10.8% were renter occupied. The racial makeup of Atherton was 5,403 (75%) White, 1,655 (23%) Asian, 124 (1.7%) African American, 18 (0.3%) Native American, 107 (1.5%) Pacific Islander, 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 540 (7.5%) people.
The median age was 49. For every 100 females there were 100.1 men.

The age distribution was 1,472 people (20.5%) under the age of 18, 862 people (5.6%) aged aged 18 to 24, 932 people (12.9%) aged 25 to 44, 2,123 (29.5%) aged 45-64 and 1,813 people (25.2%) over the age of 65.

Median income for a household was over $250,000. Males had a median income $102,192 versus $53,882 for females. About 1.1% of families and 2.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.5% of those under the age of 18 and 1.1% of those 65 years or over. [44] [45]

Property Shark ranked first Atherton for the fourth year in a row as the most expensive ZIP code in the United States in 2022 with the median home price at $7,900,000. [46] [47]

Arts and culture

There are a number of active community organizations: the Atherton Heritage Association, the Atherton Arts Committee, the Atherton Tree Committee, the Friends of the Atherton Community Library, the Holbrook-Palmer Park Foundation, the Atherton Dames, the Police Task Force, and the Atherton Civic Interest League. There are also home owners' associations in various neighborhoods. The Menlo Circus Club is a private club with tennis, swimming, stables and a riding ring located within the town.

There are also several tracts of contemporary Eichler homes, most notably in the Lindenwood neighborhood in the northeast part of the town. [48]

The Holbrook-Palmer Estate, was once an active rural estate and gentleman's farm. [49] The Holbrook-Palmer Estate was donated to the city of Atherton in 1958 and now serves as a 22-acre public park (8.9 ha) and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places for the architecture. [49]

The city is served by the Atherton Public Library of the San Mateo County Libraries, a member of the Peninsula Library System.

Government

In the California State Legislature, Atherton is in the 13th Senate District , represented by Democrat Josh Becker, and in the 24th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Alex Lee. [50] In the United States House of Representatives, Atherton is in California's 18th congressional district , represented by Democrat Zoe Lofgren. [51]

Political Party Registration

According to the California Secretary of State, as of March 11, 2022, Atherton has 5,063 registered voters. Of those, 2,192 (43.2%) are registered Democrats, 1,247 (24.6%) are registered Republicans and 1,317 (26%) have declined to state a political party. [52]

Education

Among Atherton's public schools, Encinal, Las Lomitas, and Laurel are elementary schools, while Selby Lane is both an elementary and a middle school. Menlo-Atherton is a high school. Atherton does not have its own public school system. Selby Lane is part of the Redwood City School District, the high school is part of the Sequoia Union High School District, Las Lomitas Elementary School is part of the Las Lomitas Elementary School District, and both Encinal and Laurel are part of the Menlo Park City School District.

Among the town's private schools, Sacred Heart is an elementary, middle and high school, and Menlo School is a middle and high school.

Menlo College is a private four-year college.

Notable people

See also

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References

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  17. ↑ "Atherton Wealthy Will Still Maybe Try To Block High-Speed Rail". SFist - San Francisco News. July 11, 2016. Archived from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
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  21. ↑ Orr, John (July 8, 2015). "Atherton lawsuit against Caltrain over electrification project clears one hurdle". San Jose Mercury News . Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  22. ↑ Orr, John (July 11, 2016). "Atherton won't seek temporary injunction in fight with Caltrain". San Jose Mercury News . Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  23. ↑ Weigel, Samantha (September 27, 2016). "Judge gives Caltrain electrification green light: Atherton loses lawsuit, claims local project was too closely tied to high-speed rail". San Mateo Daily Journal. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
  24. ↑ Wood, Barbara (September 28, 2016). "Atherton loses lawsuit over Caltrain electrification project". The Almanac. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  25. 1 2 Weigel, Samantha (December 15, 2016). "Caltrain supporters unfazed by high-speed rail suit: Officials believe bond sale, electrification will stay on track despite new case". San Mateo Daily Journal. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
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  31. 1 2 "'Flexing their power': how America's richest zip code stays exclusive". the Guardian. December 6, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  32. ↑ "Why are there no sidewalks in Atherton/Menlo Park?". KALW. February 12, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
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