Life
Babukhan's father was either Woliuchar or Maizhuhan, both grandsons of Anchen. [2] She was established as empress in the third month of the first year of Taiding's reign (1324). [3]
Her husband died four years later in Shangdu and she instantly went into motion to assure that her son Ragibagh - the designated heir - would indeed ascend the throne. [2] Babukhan immediately sent her envoys to seize the royal seals of office, and, when supporters of the former emperor Khaishan moved to enthrone one of his children, she pre-emptively had her son crowned with the reign name Tianshun. [4] [2] She would serve as his regent.
Babukhan sent troops to attack and punish the rebels, and many battles ensued; eventually her army was defeated. [5] Tuq Temur, son of Khaishan, took power, and had Tianshun executed. [2]
It is unknown what became of Babukhan afterwards. [2] She wasn't given a posthumous due to the fact that she wasn't considered legitimate empress by Tugh Temür.
Empress Gi or Empress Ki, also known as Empress Qi or Öljei Khutuk, was a Goryeo-born empress consort of the Yuan dynasty. She was one of the primary empresses of Toghon Temür, and the mother of Biligtü Khan, who would become an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty. Gi was originally from an aristocratic family of the Goryeo dynasty, and first served as concubine of Toghon Temür. During the last years of the Yuan dynasty, she became one of its most powerful women and political figures, controlling the country economically and politically, and ruling with de facto imperial powers.
Biligtü Khan, born Ayushiridara, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Zhaozong of Northern Yuan, was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1370 to 1378. He ascended to the throne after the death of his father Toghon Temür. In 1372, he defeated an invading Ming dynasty army and recaptured some regions that were previously lost to the newly founded Ming dynasty.
Uskhal Khan, also called the Last Lord of Northern Yuan or by his era name the Tianyuan Emperor, born Tögüs Temür, was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1378 to 1388. He was the last powerful khagan of the Mongols until Dayan Khan.
Budashiri or Buddhashiri was Empress of China and Khatun of Mongols as the wife of Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür. She acted as an interime regent and was the prominent figure of the Yuan dynasty between 1332 and 1339; she was interim regent after the death of her husband and the election of his successor in 1332-1333, and then regent during the minority of his successor in 1333-1339.
Toghon Temür, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Huizong of Yuan bestowed by the Northern Yuan dynasty and by his posthumous name as the Emperor Shun of Yuan bestowed by the Ming dynasty, was the last emperor of the Yuan dynasty and later the first emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty. Apart from Emperor of China, he is also considered the last Khagan of the Mongol Empire. He was a son of Kusala.
Khutughtu Khan, born Kuśala, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Mingzong of Yuan, was a son of Khayishan who seized the throne of the Yuan dynasty of China in 1329, but died soon after. Apart from the Emperor of China, he is considered as the 13th Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire.
Jayaatu Khan, born Tugh Temür, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Wenzong of Yuan, was an emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China. Apart from Emperor of China, he is regarded as the 12th Khagan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire.
Ragibagh, also known by his era name as the Tianshun Emperor of Yuan, was a son of Yesün Temür who was briefly installed to the throne of the Yuan dynasty of China in Shangdu in 1328. Although he should have been the seventh ruler of the Yuan dynasty in succession to his father Yesün Temür, he was dethroned by his rival Tugh Temür who was installed by a coup before Ragibagh's succession. Apart from Emperor of China, he is regarded as the 11th Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire. He was the shortest-reigning Yuan emperor.
Yesün Temür was a great-grandson of Kublai Khan and an emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China from 1323 to 1328. Apart from Emperor of China, he is regarded as the 10th Khagan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire. In Chinese historiography, Yesün Temür, who was very fond of the traditional ways of the Mongols, is commonly known as the Taiding Emperor of Yuan based on his first era name. His name means "nine iron" in the Mongolian language.
Külüg Khan, born Khayishan, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Wuzong of Yuan, was an emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China. Apart from Emperor of China, he is regarded as the seventh Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire. His regnal name "Külüg Khan" means "warrior Khan" or "fine horse Khan" in the Mongolian language.
Öljeyitü Khan, born Temür, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Chengzong of Yuan, was the second emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China, ruling from May 10, 1294 to February 10, 1307. Apart from Emperor of China, he is considered as the sixth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, although it was only nominal due to the division of the empire. He was an able ruler of the Yuan dynasty, and his reign established the patterns of power for the next few decades.
Nigülesügchi Khan, born Elbeg, (1362–1399) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1394 to 1399. Erdeniin Tobchi claimed that Elbeg was the younger brother of the Jorightu Khan, while other historians testify that he was a son of the Biligtü Khan. He ruled for seven years. His regnal title "Nigülesügchi Khagan" means "Merciful Emperor" in the Mongolian language. Border skirmishes with the Ming dynasty and Oirat rebellion plagued his reign.
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan, was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its division. It was established by Kublai, the fifth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire from the Borjigin clan, and lasted from 1271 to 1368. In Chinese history, the Yuan dynasty followed the Song dynasty and preceded the Ming dynasty.
Chabi was a Khongirad empress consort of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China, married to Kublai Khan.
Sugabala or Sügebala was an empress consort of the Yuan dynasty, married to Gegeen Khan.
Empress Yuan, personal name unknown, was briefly an emperor of the Xianbei-led Chinese Northern Wei dynasty. She bore the surname Yuan, originally Tuoba. Yuan was the only child of Emperor Xiaoming, born to his concubine Consort Pan. Soon after her birth, her grandmother the Empress Dowager Hu, who was also Xiaoming's regent, falsely declared that she was a boy and ordered a general pardon. Emperor Xiaoming died soon afterwards. On 1 April 528, Empress Dowager Hu installed the infant on the throne for a matter of hours before replacing her with Yuan Zhao the next day. Emperor Xiaoming's daughter was not recognised as a legitimate emperor (huangdi) by later generations. No further information about her or her mother is available.
Park Bul-hwa or Piao Buhua was a Korean eunuch serving Empress Gi of the Yuan dynasty. He was the first ethnic Korean eunuch in Chinese history. Bak assisted Empress Gi's campaign to force Toghon Temür to pass the imperial throne to her son, Ayushiridara.
Dagi Khatun was a Mongol noblewoman, mother of Yuan emperors Külüg Khan and Ayurbawada Khan.
