The politics of Kazakhstan takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Kazakhstan is head of state and nominates the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament.
Nursultan Abishulych Nazarbayev is a Kazakh politician and military officer who served as the first President of Kazakhstan, in autocratic rule from the country’s independence in 1991 until his formal resignation in 2019, and as the Chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan from 1991 to 2022.
Daniyal Kenjetaiuly Akhmetov is a Kazakh politician who was the 6th prime minister of Kazakhstan from 13 June 2003 to 9 January 2007.
A snap election is an election that is called earlier than the one that has been scheduled.
Imangali Nurgaliuly Tasmagambetov is a Kazakh politician and diplomat, who is the current Secretary-General of the Collective Security Treaty Organization since January 2023. He was the Kazakh Ambassador to Russia from 2017 to 2019. He was Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 2016 to 2017 and Minister of Defense of Kazakhstan from 2014 to 2016. He was the akim of Astana from 2008 to 2014 and from 2004 to 2008, as akim of Almaty. Before that, from 2002 to 2003, he was the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan.
Nurlan Utebovich Balgimbayev was a Kazakh politician who served as Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 10 October 1997 to 1 October 1999. He became President of the Kazakhstan Oil Investment Company in 2002.
Zharmakhan Aitbaiuly Tuyakbay is a retired Kazakh politician. He was the chairman of the Nationwide Social Democratic Party from 2007 to 2019 and prior to that, he served as the Mäjilis chairman from 1999 to 2004.
Serik Nyghmetuly Akhmetov was a Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 2012 to 2014. He served as the Minister of Defense from April to October 2014.
Asqar Uzaqbaiuly Mamin is a Kazakh politician and economist who served as the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2022, resigning due to pressure from the 2022 Kazakh unrest. He served as First Deputy Prime Minister from 9 September 2016 to 21 February 2019. Previously, he was the president of the Kazakhstan Temir Zholy, the national railway company of Kazakhstan. He also serves as the president of the Kazakhstan Ice Hockey Federation, a position he assumed in 2008.
Mukhtar Qapashuly Altynbayev served as the Minister of Defense and General of the Army of Kazakhstan twice, most recently from December 2001 to 10 January 2007. Prime Minister Karim Massimov replaced him with former Prime Minister Daniyal Akhmetov in a political shakeup.
Akejan Kajegeldin is a Kazakh politician who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 12 October 1994 until his resignation on 10 October 1997, ostensibly for health reasons, though many saw it as an act protesting authoritarianism in Kazakhstan. He has accused President Nazarbayev of authoritarianism, nepotism, and indifference to violations of human rights.
Nurtai Abykayev is a Kazakh politician who was the chairman of the National Security Committee of Kazakhstan from August 2010 to December 2015 and from September 1998 to August 1999.
People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity was a big tent political party in Kazakhstan founded in 1993 and dissolved in 1999 when it was incorporated into the Fatherland and later the Nur Otan party.
The Ministry of Healthcare is one of the central executive bodies of the cabinet-level ministry in Kazakhstan. It carries out management, as well as, within the limits provided for by law, intersectoral coordination in the field of public health, medical and pharmaceutical education. On 6 August 2014, it was reorganized into the Ministry of Health and Social Development by a decree of the President of Kazakhstan “On Reform of the Public Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. But was later reestablished on 25 January 2017. It is the highest government department responsible for health.
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, also referred to as Khürelsükh Ukhnaa, is the 6th and current president of Mongolia, beginning his term on 25 June 2021 after winning the 2021 Mongolian presidential election. He was prime minister from October 2017 to January 2021 and was elected to the Parliament of Mongolia four times – in 2000, 2004, 2012 and 2020.
Zhenis Makhmuduly Kassymbek is a Kazakh politician who is currently serving as the Äkım of Astana since December 2022.
The Mamin Cabinet was the 11th composition of the Government of Kazakhstan under the leadership of Prime Minister Askar Mamin. It was formed after the previous government, led by Prime Minister Bakytzhan Sagintayev, was dismissed by President Nursultan Nazarbayev on 21 February 2019 as a result of the discontent in the 2019–20 Kazakh protests. Mamin, under Sagintayev, served as the First Deputy Prime Minister and was appointed as the Acting PM. He was officially confirmed by the Parliament on 25 February 2019, which formed a new cabinet. The government resigned after the 2022 Kazakhstan unrest.
The Second Massimov Cabinet was the 9th composition under the Government of Kazakhstan that was led by Karim Massimov. It was formed on 2 April 2014 after Prime Minister Serik Akhmetov resigned from office just weeks after Kazakhstan's currency tenge lost its value, causing an inflation which led to protests in the cities. As a result, President Nursultan Nazarbayev appointed Massimov, who was quickly approved by the Parliament to be the Prime Minister due to his previous record of promoting business-friendly policies during his previous term as the Prime Minister from 2007 to 2012.
The First Massimov Cabinet was the 7th government of Kazakhstan, led by Prime Minister Karim Massimov. The change in cabinet was a result of the 2007 Kazakh political shakeup where Massimov's predecessor Daniyal Akhmetov resigned unexpectedly from office on 8 January 2007. Observers believed that it was due to Akhmetov's exhaustion and increasing criticism from President Nursultan Nazarbayev over Akhmetov's oversight of the economy. Nazarbayev nominated Massimov to be the Prime Minister on 9 January who was then confirmed by the Parliament the next day on 10 January.
The Tokayev Cabinet was the 4th government of Kazakhstan under the leadership of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. It was formed shortly after Prime Minister Nurlan Balgimbayev resigned from his post on 1 October 1999 shortly before the legislative election to become the president of Kazakhoil. President Nursultan Nazarbayev named Kassym-Jomart Tokayev as the Acting Prime Minister, who, prior to that, served as the Deputy Prime Minister as well as the Minister of Foreign Affairs under Balgimbayev's cabinet. On 12 October, the Parliament approved Tokayev's nomination to the post of the PM.
