Blaj | |
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![]() Location in Alba County | |
Coordinates: 46°10′31″N23°54′52″E / 46.17528°N 23.91444°E Coordinates: 46°10′31″N23°54′52″E / 46.17528°N 23.91444°E | |
Country | Romania |
County | Alba |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2024) | Gheorghe-Valentin Rotar [1] (PNL) |
Area | 98.93 km2 (38.20 sq mi) |
Elevation | 260 m (850 ft) |
Population (2011) [2] | 20,630 |
• Density | 210/km2 (540/sq mi) |
Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
Postal code | 515400 |
Area code | (+40) 02 58 |
Vehicle reg. | AB |
Website | www |
Blaj (Romanian pronunciation: [blaʒ] ; archaically spelled as Blaș; Hungarian : Balázsfalva; German : Blasendorf; Transylvanian Saxon: Blußendref) is a city in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 20,630 inhabitants.
The landmark of the city is the fact that it was the principal religious and cultural center of the Romanian Greek-Catholic Church in Transylvania.
Blaj is first mentioned in 1271 as Villa Herbordi, after the deed of a Count Herbod. [3] [4] In 1313, the domain passed to Herbod's son Blasius Cserei and the town was mentioned as Blasii. Started as a hamlet for the twenty families of servants of the noble's court, it was awarded town status on May 19, 1737.
Blaj is the principal religious and cultural center of Greek Catholics in Transylvania. At 27 October 1687 begins the history of the Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic, history directly connected to the history of the town Blaj. It all started at the end of the treaty through which Transylvania was entering under the protection of Austria, renouncing the protection of the Turkish Empire.[ citation needed ]
The first public school in Romanian was established in Blaj in 1754. Blaj was the first place to have Romanian written with Latin alphabet instead of Cyrillic in which it had traditionally been written. Blaj was also a center for the Romanian Age of Enlightenment, being the founding site of the Transylvanian School that promoted the Roman cultural heritage of the Romanians. Thus Blaj gained the nickname "The Little Rome", [5] as Romania's national poet Mihai Eminescu called it.
In 1848, Câmpia Libertății in Blaj was where over 40,000 Romanians met to protest Transylvania becoming a part of Hungary, holding that the lands would be stolen from them. [6]
Blaj lies at the confluence of the Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică rivers, where they form the Târnava River. It is located 39 km (24 mi) northeast of the county seat, Alba Iulia, in a renowned wine-growing region.
Blaj has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification). The city has a continental temperate climate, characteristic for the Transylvanian Plateau, with moderate precipitations of around 550 mm/m2.
Climate data for Blaj | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 10.3 (50.5) | 16.2 (61.2) | 20.8 (69.4) | 24.1 (75.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.3 (79.3) | 21.1 (70.0) | 15.5 (59.9) | 9.6 (49.3) | 3.5 (38.3) | 15.1 (59.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) | 0.6 (33.1) | 5 (41) | 10.8 (51.4) | 15.7 (60.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.3 (70.3) | 16.2 (61.2) | 10.5 (50.9) | 5.1 (41.2) | −0.1 (31.8) | 10.3 (50.6) |
Average low °C (°F) | −5 (23) | −3.3 (26.1) | 0 (32) | 5 (41) | 10.1 (50.2) | 14 (57) | 15.9 (60.6) | 16.1 (61.0) | 11.5 (52.7) | 6.1 (43.0) | 1.6 (34.9) | −3 (27) | 5.7 (42.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29 (1.1) | 27 (1.1) | 37 (1.5) | 56 (2.2) | 75 (3.0) | 84 (3.3) | 76 (3.0) | 56 (2.2) | 54 (2.1) | 43 (1.7) | 33 (1.3) | 36 (1.4) | 606 (23.9) |
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/alba/blaj-44396/ |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
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1930 | 4,618 | — |
1948 | 6,641 | +43.8% |
1956 | 8,731 | +31.5% |
1966 | 15,775 | +80.7% |
1977 | 20,826 | +32.0% |
1992 | 22,425 | +7.7% |
2002 | 21,819 | −2.7% |
2011 | 20,630 | −5.4% |
Source: Census data |
The city administers eight villages: Deleni-Obârșie (Obursatanya), Flitești, Izvoarele (until 1960 Ciufud; Csufud), Mănărade (Monora), Petrisat (Magyarpéterfalva), Spătac (Szászpatak), Tiur (Tűr) and Veza (Véza).
The city has several high schools, including the Inochentie Micu Clain National College, the Ștefan Manciulea Technological High School , and the Sfântul Vasile cel Mare Greek-Catholic Theological High School.
The castle of the Bethlen dynasty is a popular tourist site near Blaj. Other sights worth visiting include the Metropolitan Palace, the Holy Trinity Cathedral, the "Buna Vestire" Monastery, the Greeks' Church, the "Liberty Field", and Avram Iancu's oak.
Blaj is twinned with:
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Avram Iancu was a Transylvanian Romanian lawyer who played an important role in the local chapter of the Austrian Empire Revolutions of 1848–1849. He was especially active in the Țara Moților region and the Apuseni Mountains. The rallying of peasants around him, as well as the allegiance he paid to the Habsburg got him the moniker Crăișorul Munților.
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Ioan Axente Sever was a Romanian revolutionary in Austria-Hungary who participated in the Transylvanian Revolution of 1848.
Zenovie Pâclișanu was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian historian, diplomat and cleric. A native of Transylvania, he completed a doctorate at Vienna, and during the 1910s was active in the cultural and religious life of Blaj. Following the creation of Greater Romania, which he enthusiastically supported, he became a civil servant, twice taking part in treaty negotiations. After World War II, the new communist regime suppressed his Greek-Catholic Church and threw Pâclișanu in prison, where he died. His work, banned under communism but partly re-edited in the years since, focuses on the history of Transylvania between the 17th and 19th centuries, particularly in the religious sphere.
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