Bylina is a type of East Slavic epic narrative poem.
Bylina may also refer to:
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The "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" was the national anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the regional anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1944 to 1991 and 1990 respectively, replacing "The Internationale". Its lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913–2009) in collaboration with Gabriel El-Registan (1899–1945), and its music composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883–1946). Although Russia adopted a new anthem in 1990 and the Soviet Union was dissolved in December 1991, its melody is used with different lyrics since 2000 in the second version of the Russian anthem.
A bylina is a traditional East Slavic oral epic poem. Byliny songs are loosely based on historical fact, but greatly embellished with fantasy or hyperbole to create their songs. The word bylina is derived from the past tense of the verb "to be" and implies "something that was." The term most likely originated with scholars of Russian folklore; in 1839, Ivan Sakharov, a Russian folklorist, published an anthology of Russian folklore, a section of which he titled "Byliny of the Russian People", causing the popularization of the term. Later scholars believe that Sakharov misunderstood the word bylina in the opening of Igor' Tale as "an ancient poem." The folk singers of byliny called these songs stariny or starinki, meaning "stories of old".
Nightingale the Robber or Solovei the Brigand, an epic robber, appears in traditional Russian byliny.
Svyatogor is a mythical bogatyr (knight/hero) from ancient Russian bylinas. His name is a derivation from the words "sacred mountain". Svyatogor's tale, Ilya Muromets and Svyatogor, is a part of the Ilya Muromets cycle.
A bogatyr or vityaz is a stock character in medieval East Slavic legends, akin to a Western European knight-errant. Bogatyrs appear mainly in Rus' epic poems - bylinas. Historically, they came into existence during the reign of Vladimir the Great as part of his elite warriors (druzhina), akin to Knights of the Round Table. Tradition describes bogatyrs as warriors of immense strength, courage and bravery, rarely using magic while fighting enemies in order to maintain the "loosely based on historical fact" aspect of bylinas. They are characterized as having resounding voices, with patriotic and religious pursuits, defending Rus' from foreign enemies and their religion. In modern Russian, the word bogatyr labels a courageous hero, an athlete or a physically strong person.
Alyosha Popovich, is a Russian folk hero, a bogatyr. He is the youngest of the three main bogatyrs, the other two being Dobrynya Nikitich and Ilya Muromets. All three are represented together in Viktor Vasnetsov's famous painting Bogatyrs.
Bylina is an airline based in Bykovo Airport, Russia. It was established in 2003 and is a Russian executive private and business charter operator.
Sadko is the principal character in an East Slavic epic bylina. He was an adventurer, merchant, and gusli musician from Novgorod.
Sadko was a Russian and Soviet icebreaker ship of 3,800 tonnes displacement. She was named after Sadko, a hero of a Russian bylina.
Tugarin is a mythical creature in East European bylinas and fairy tales, which personifies evil and cruelty and appears in a dragon-like form.
Sadko is a 1952 Russian fantasy film directed by Aleksandr Ptushko. The film is based on an opera by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, which was based on a Russian bylina (epic tale) with the same name, and scored with Rimsky-Korsakov's music from the opera.
Bylina is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Parchowo, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Parchowo, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Bytów, and 68 km (42 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
Alyaksandr Bylina is a Belarusian professional footballer. As of 2019, he plays for NFK Minsk.
Douglas Charles Youvan is an American scientist.
Anna Mikhaylovna Astakhova was a Soviet scholar notable for her studies of the folklore of the Russian North.
Agrafena Matveyevna Kryukova was a Russian folklore performer and a storyteller. She was the mother of Marfa Kryukova.
Mikula Selyaninovich is a Russian epic hero, a bogatyr - plowman, from the Novgorod Republic bylina cycle.
Idolishche Poganoye is a mythological monstrosity from Russian bylinas which personified pagan forces invading the Russian lands. The name literally means "pagan idol", with a Russian augmentative suffix "-ishche".
Volga Svyatoslavich or Volkh Vseslavyevich is a Russian epic hero, a bogatyr, from the Novgorod Republic bylina cycle.
In Slavic mythology, Chernava is Morskoy Tsar's daughter, spirit and personification of the river of the same name. She is a mermaid. Her head and upper body are human, while the lower body is a fish's tail. Chernava is famous by the epic of Sadko, where she appears.