Cai Qiao

Last updated
Cai Qiao
Cai Qiao .gif
Born(1897-10-11)October 11, 1897
DiedJuly 29, 1990(1990-07-29) (aged 92)
Alma mater University of California
University of Chicago
Known fordiscoverer of the ventral tegmental area
Scientific career
FieldsPhysiology
Institutions Fudan University
National Shanghai Medical College
Academy of Military Medical Sciences

Cai Qiao or Chiao Tsai [1] (simplified Chinese :蔡翘; traditional Chinese :蔡翹; pinyin :Cài Qiào; Wade–Giles :Ts'ai Ch'iao; 11 October 1897 - 29 July 1990) was a Chinese physiologist and physician. Cai is famous for his discovery in the 1920s of the ventral tegmental area, which is also known as the ventral tegmental area of Tsai. [2] He was elected as a member of Academia Sinica in 1948, also a member of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. [3]

Contents

Early life and education

Cai finished his psychological training in California University during 1919–1921, then he entered University of Chicago as a postgraduate with Harvey A. Carr's guidance, he also focused on the subjects overlap psychology such as neuroanatomy and physiology during this period, and finally altered his research field towards the latter thenceforth.

Career

Cai returned to China in 1925, and took a post of professor of physiology at Fudan University. He transferred to National Shanghai Medical College two years later. Then he edited the first textbook on physiology for undergraduate in Chinese, which was published in 1929.

Cai went to the United Kingdom and Germany as a senior visit scholar within laboratory of C. Lovatt Evans, and later, Edgar Adrian from 1930–1932. Cai continued his teaching and research in Shanghai, until the beginning of 1937, began to teach at School of Medicine, National Central University.

Cai moved to West China followed the university after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident. He backed to Nanjing since the war over, and appointed as deputy dean of the school in 1948.

After 1949, Cai joined PLA. Since the school moved to Xi'an, he went to Beijing and entered Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS) in 1954 as vice president and chairman of Academic Council. From then on, he gradually laid the foundation of nautical physiology, aviation physiology and space physiology of China. He devoted to neurobiology later in life.

Cai served as the general director of Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences from 1964–1981, then the honours general director until he died in 1990. [4]

Although Cai was humiliated and once exiled to Hengshui, Hebei during the Cultural Revolution, he kept the research.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yuan T. Lee</span> Taiwanese chemist and Nobel Laureate

Yuan Tseh Lee is a Taiwanese chemist. He is a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley and honorary director of the Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Study along with Ryoji Noyori. He was the first Taiwanese Nobel Prize laureate who, along with the Hungarian-Canadian John C. Polanyi and American Dudley R. Herschbach, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1986 "for their contributions to the dynamics of chemical elementary processes".

Academia Sinica, headquartered in Nangang, Taipei, is the national academy of the Republic of China (Taiwan).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cai (surname)</span> Surname list

Cài is a Chinese-language surname that derives from the name of the ancient Cai state. In 2019 it was the 38th most common surname in China, but the 9th most common in Taiwan, where it is usually romanized as "Tsai", "Tsay", or "Chai" and the 8th most common in Singapore, where it is usually romanized as "Chua", which is based on its Teochew and Hokkien pronunciation. Koreans use Chinese-derived family names and in Korean, Cai is 채 in Hangul, "Chae" in Revised Romanization, It is also a common name in Hong Kong where it is romanized as "Choy", "Choi" or "Tsoi". In Macau, it is spelled as "Choi". In Malaysia, it is romanized as "Choi" from the Cantonese pronunciation, and "Chua" or "Chuah" from the Hokkien or Teochew pronunciation. It is romanized in the Philippines as "Chua" or "Chuah", and in Thailand as "Chuo" (ฉั่ว). Moreover, it is also romanized in Cambodia as either "Chhay" or "Chhor" among people of full Chinese descent living in Cambodia and as “Tjhai”, "Tjoa" or "Chua" in Indonesia.

Cai Xitao or Tsai Hse-Tao was a Chinese botanist from a village near Dongyang, Zhejiang province, China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luo Changpei</span> Chinese linguist

Luo Changpei was a Chinese linguist. He made important contributions to the study of historical Chinese phonology. He was also a pioneer of the modern studies of Chinese dialects and of non-Chinese languages in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chia-Chiao Lin</span>

Chia-Chiao Lin was a Chinese-born American applied mathematician and Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Chen Jiangong, or Jian-gong Chen, was a Chinese mathematician. He was a pioneer of modern Chinese mathematics. He was the dean of the Department of Mathematics, National Chekiang University, and a founding academician the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Zhang Xiangtong, also romanized as Hsiang-Tung Chang, was a Chinese neurophysiologist and an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">T. Tony Cai</span> Chinese statistician

Tianwen Tony Cai is a Chinese statistician. He is the Daniel H. Silberberg Professor of Statistics and Vice Dean at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. He is also professor of Applied Math & Computational Science Graduate Group, and associate scholar at the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. In 2008 Cai received the COPSS Presidents' Award.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lo Tsung-lo</span>

Lo Tsung-lo was a Chinese botanist and plant physiologist. Lo was a main founder of modern plant physiology in China. He was the first President of National Taiwan University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shu Chien</span> Chinese-American physiologist and bioengineer (born 1931)

Shu Chien is a Chinese–American physiologist and bioengineer. His work on the fluid dynamics of blood flow has had a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. More recently, Chien's research has focused on the mechanical forces, such as pressure and flow, that regulate the behaviors of the cells in blood vessels. Chien is currently President of the Biomedical Engineering Society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nanjing University</span> Public university in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Nanjing University (NJU) is a public university in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. It is affiliated and sponsored by the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. The university is a member of the C9 League.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feng Depei</span> Chinese neuroscientist and physiologist

Feng Depei or Te-Pei Feng was a Chinese neuroscientist and physiologist. He is considered one of founders of modern Chinese neuroscience and physiology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Din Ping Tsai</span>

Din Ping Tsai is a physicist known for his work in the fields of photonics. He is currently a Distinguished Professor at the National Taiwan University and Director of the Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica. He has been President of Taiwan Information Storage Association (TISA) since 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wang Yinglai</span> Chinese biochemist

Wang Yinglai, also known as Ying-Lai Wang, was a Chinese biochemist recognized as the first person to create synthetic insulin, a major scientific breakthrough that produced a biologically active compound from inorganic chemicals. He was one of the first group of scientists elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. He founded the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry in 1958 and served as its director until his retirement in 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhou Ren</span> Chinese materials engineer and metallurgist

Zhou Ren was a Chinese materials engineer and metallurgist. He was an educator and one of the founders of the Science Society of China, a major science organization in the 20th century before the establishment of the Communist State.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yan Jici</span>

Yan Jici, also commonly known as Ny Tsi-ze, was a Chinese physicist and politician who is considered a founder of modern physics in China. He was a founding member of Academia Sinica in 1948 and of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1955. He served as founding director of the CAS Institute of Physics and the second president of the University of Science and Technology of China (1980–1984).

Tsai Ying-wen was a Taiwanese political scientist and translator. He was a research fellow at Academia Sinica, with his main research focus on the history of Western political thought. His book, From Monarchy and Autocracy to Democracy, won Academia Sinica's 5th Academic Book Award in Humanities and Social Sciences in 2016.

Jin-Yi Cai is a Chinese American mathematician and computer scientist. He is a professor of computer science, and also the Steenbock Professor of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. His research is in theoretical computer science, especially computational complexity theory. In recent years he has concentrated on the classification of computational counting problems, especially counting graph homomorphisms, counting constraint satisfaction problems, and Holant problems as related to holographic algorithms.

References

  1. "蔡翹". Academia Sinica.[ permanent dead link ]
  2. "蔡翘 院士". Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences. Archived from the original on 2017-02-17. Retrieved 2017-02-16.
  3. "蔡翘". Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  4. "历届理事会". Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences. Archived from the original on 2017-02-18. Retrieved 2017-02-17.