| Campo de Santana | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | Rio de Janeiro, RJ |
| Coordinates | 22°54′24″S43°11′19″W / 22.90667°S 43.18861°W |
| Designation | Urban park |
| Established | 1880 |
| Governing body | Fundação Municipal Parques e Jardins (Secretaria de Meio Ambiente) |
The Campo de Santana is a park located in the Praça da República in downtown Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The name of the plaza refers to the fact that it is located near the site where Brazil was declared a republic in 1889.
During the colonial period in Brazil, the area currently occupied by the park was an enormous swamp. Over time, the swamp was filled in and used as a public space. The region became known as "Campo da Cidade" or "Campo de São Domingos" and served as a divider between downtown Rio de Janeiro and the rural areas surrounding it.
In 1753, it became known as "Campo de Santana". This name originated with a church that was constructed in the region that developed a large number of devotees. The church was demolished in 1854 to make way for the first urban railroad station in Brazil, the Dom Pedro II Station. Later, on the site of this first station, the city's Central do Brasil station was built.
In the same area, several important buildings were erected. The Palácio do Conde dos Arcos (1819) functioned as the headquarters for the Brazilian Senate for nearly a hundred years. The building now houses the law school for the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). The Brazilian Mint building (1863), which is currently the location of the Brazilian National Archive, was one of many government buildings placed in the Campo de Santana region. The Army Command building (1811), City Hall, the Corps of Military Firefighters for Rio de Janeiro (state), the Rivadávia Correia municipal school, MEC radio station, and the churches of St. Mary and St. Gonçalo Garcia are also located in this area.
This part of the city also became the stage for several significant historical events, such as: the Acclamation of Emperor Dom Pedro I (1822), the Proclamation of the Republic (1889), and the Vaccine Revolt protests (1904).
In 1942, with the construction of the Avenida Presidente Vargas and the demolition of several buildings nearby, the plaza was divided in two. One side featured the Palácio Duque de Caxias, the Brazilian Military Command building (1937), and the Panteão Duque de Caxias. The gardens of the Campo de Santana, a wide, tree-lined public promenade constructed at the beginning of the 20th century, is located on the opposite side of the plaza. Reforms of this area, as part of a city-wide project, began again in 1873 and were completed in 1880 by French landscaper Auguste François Marie Glaziou. Several species of animal are present in the Campo de Santana park, including: agoutis, cats, wild ducks and peacocks. [1] A little-known fact about the park is that it used to be the site of bullfights. They were popular spectacles until they were banned in 1907 by decree of the mayor, Francisco Marcelino de Sousa Aguiar. [2] [3]
Currently, the plaza is located between the Rua da Alfândega, the Frei Caneca Street, the Rua Moncorvo Filho (near the campus of the UFRJ law school), and the Avenida Presidente Vargas. The park at the Campo de Santana was established in 1968 by the Instituto Estadual do Patrimônio Cultural and, in 2012, the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage also announced its commitment to maintain the park. The park is also a popular location among the city's homeless and drug users, which has generated complaints from residents. The local government considers this a significant social issue and has taken steps to increase security in the area. [4]
Petrópolis, also known as The Imperial City, is a municipality in the Southeast Region of Brazil. It is located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, 68 kilometres (42 mi) northeast of the city of Rio de Janeiro. According to the 2022 Brazilian census, Petrópolis municipality had a population of 278,881 inhabitants. Besides being the largest and most populous city in the Fluminense Mountain Region, the city also has the largest GDP and HDI in the region.
The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), alternatively known as University of Brazil, is a public research university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the largest federal university in the country and is one of the Brazilian centers of excellence in teaching and research.
Duque de Caxias is a city on Guanabara Bay and part of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, southeastern Brazil.
Central do Brasil is a major train station in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. It is the last stop of Rio's railway network, as well as a hub for connection with the city subway and a bus station. Central do Brasil was also a preeminent stop in the interstate Central do Brasil railroad, which linked Rio de Janeiro with São Paulo and Minas Gerais, though the railroad is now deactivated. The station is located in downtown Rio de Janeiro, along the Avenida Presidente Vargas and across from the Campo de Santana park. It was built in the Art Deco style.
Barra da Tijuca is an upper-middle class neighborhood or bairro in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, located in the western portion of the city on the Atlantic Ocean. Barra is well known for its beaches, its many lakes and rivers, and its lifestyle. This neighbourhood represents 4.7% of the city population and 13% of the total area of Rio de Janeiro.
São Cristóvão is a traditional neighborhood in the north of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Duque de Caxias Futebol Clube, usually known simply as Duque de Caxias, is a Brazilian football team from the city of Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro state. It currently plays in the Campeonato Carioca Série B1, the second tier of the Rio de Janeiro state league.
Estância is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. Its population is 69,556 (2020). Estância covers 644.5 km2 (248.8 sq mi), and has a population density of 110 inhabitants per square kilometer. It is located 66 km (41 mi) from the state capital of Sergipe, Aracaju. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Estância.
Santa Cruz is an extensive and populous neighborhood of the high class, lower middle and low in the West Zone of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the farthest from the center of Rio de Janeiro. Cut by the Santa Cruz extension of the urban passenger rail network of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, it has a very diverse landscape, with commercial areas, residential and industrial.
Estádio Romário de Souza Faria, also known as Marrentão, is a football (soccer) stadium located in Xerém, a district of Duque de Caxias, Brazil. It is named after Brazilian footballer Romário de Souza Faria. The stadium is owned by Duque de Caxias. It replaced Estádio Mestre Telê Santana, nicknamed Maracanãzinho, as Duque de Caxias' home ground.
Engenho Novo is a neighborhood of middle class and lower middle of the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Avenida Presidente Vargas is one of the main throughways in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The road was designed by Getúlio Vargas, who was president of Brazil at the time, while the city of Rio de Janeiro was still the nation's federal capital.
BR-116 is a federal route of highways of Brazil and the longest highway in the country, with 4,542 km (2,822 mi) of extension. The road connects Fortaleza, Ceará, one of the largest Northeast Brazil metropolises, to the southern city of Jaguarão, Rio Grande do Sul, in the border with Uruguay. It is also the longest highway in the country to be completely paved. It is considered one of the most important highways in the country, along with BR-101.
Avenida Atlântica is a major seaside avenue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long, and spans the entire length of the neighbourhoods of Copacabana and Leme.
The Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro, or in full: Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro is an institution that offers high and professional educations by having a pluricurricular form. It is a multicampi institution, specialising with professional and technological education in different areas of knowledge . It was known previously as Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Química de Nilópolis. IFRJ is a federal institution, public, directly vinculated to the Ministry of Education of Brazil.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Rio de Janeiro:
The Tiradentes Palace is an eclectic government building located in the Centro neighborhood (bairro), next to the Paço Imperial in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was inaugurated on 6 May 1926 and was the former seat of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil, between 1926 and 1960, and is the current seat of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Praça Onze is a historic site in the central region of Rio de Janeiro. It is located in the Centro district, on the border with the Cidade Nova district. The original Praça Onze de Junho, named after the date of the Battle of Riachuelo, existed until the 1940s. It bordered the streets of Santana, Marquês de Pombal, Senador Euzébio and Visconde de Itaúna.
