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The Lord Fairfax of Cameron | |
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5th Speaker of the California State Assembly | |
In office Jan 1854 –May 1854 | |
Preceded by | Isaac B. Wall |
Succeeded by | William W. Stow |
Member of the California State Assembly from the 15th district | |
In office 1853–1854 | |
Personal details | |
Born | March 8,1829 Vaucluse Plantation,Virginia,U.S. |
Died | April 4,1869 (aged 40) Baltimore,Maryland,U.S. |
Resting place | Rock Creek Cemetery Washington,D.C.,U.S. |
Political party | Democratic |
Spouse | Ada Benham (m. 1855) |
Relations | John Fairfax,11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (brother) |
Parent(s) | Albert Fairfax Caroline Eliza Snowden |
Profession | Politician |
Charles Snowden Fairfax,10th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (March 8,1829 –April 4,1869) was an American Democratic politician of California. He held a Scottish peerage. Fairfax was lured west as part of the gold rush. The town of Fairfax,California,is named for him.
He was born on Vaucluse Plantation in Virginia,the eldest son of Albert Fairfax (April 15,1802 –May 9,1835) and Caroline Eliza Snowden (April 21,1812 –December 28,1899),who were married on April 7,1828. His younger brother was John Fairfax,11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (September 13,1830 –September 28,1900),who became the 11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron upon Charles' death in 1869. His paternal grandfather was Thomas Fairfax,9th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1762–1846). [1] On May 1,1838,his mother married William R. Saunders.
He was collaterally related to Thomas Fairfax,3rd Lord Fairfax,who was a Parliamentary general during the English Civil Wars. He was also related to Thomas Fairfax,6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,who relinquished his English estates to his brother Robert Fairfax,7th Lord Fairfax of Cameron and emigrated to America,where he settled on a plantation of more than five million acres (4,000 km2) in Virginia,which he inherited from his mother,Catherine Colepeper. Thomas Fairfax was the first person to employ George Washington as a surveyor.
The 7th Lord,Robert Fairfax,died without issue in 1793 and the title passed to an American second cousin,the Rev. Bryan Fairfax,8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1736–1802),a priest of the Episcopal Church and rector of a parish in Alexandria,who was the son of William Fairfax (1691–1757) of Belvoir and Deborah Clarke (1707–1747). The clergyman then became the 8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. Bryan Fairfax,whose wife was Elizabeth Cary (1730–1757),was succeeded in 1802 by his eldest son,Thomas Fairfax (1762–1846). [2]
Thomas Fairfax,9th Lord Fairfax of Cameron married three times;his son by his third wife,Margaret Herbert (1783–1858),Albert,who had died during the lifetime of his father,left two sons,Charles and John. Therefore,Charles S. Fairfax,the grandson of Thomas,the 9th Lord,succeeded to the title of Lord Fairfax in 1846 [3] —a title,however,that he never claimed,preferring to live as an American citizen.
Fairfax,still the potential 10th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,left Richmond,Virginia,with 74 other gold-seekers on the ship Glenmore. After disembarking and crossing Panama,he boarded a second ship,the steamer California,and arrived in San Francisco on June 23,1850.
The life of a miner in the mother lode of California might have been somewhat of a shock to Fairfax,who grew up as a gentleman farmer,but he stuck with the endeavor for a while. He prospected extensively,only to lose whatever money he made as fast as he got hold of it. There were stories of him working for others,pushing a wheelbarrow,or tending a mule pulling a cart of gravel and sloshing about in the mud of the diggings.
In 1851,he abandoned the goldfields and turned to a new calling—politics—and became a delegate to the Democratic National Convention. Fairfax was a member of the California State Assembly,first representing Yuba and Sierra Counties from 1853 to '54,then Yuba County alone from 1854 to '55. He served as Speaker of the Assembly in 1854. He subsequently served as Clerk of the Supreme Court of California,1856–'61. From 1865 to 1867,he was a Supervisor of Marin County.
In 1854,Fairfax met his wife,Ada Benham (1833–1888),in San Francisco. They were married on January 10,1855,in Louisville,Kentucky,at the home of her stepsister,Henrietta Prentice. They had no children.
After their return to San Francisco,Fairfax and his bride visited his boyhood friend Dr. Alfred Taliaferro at his country home in Marin County. When they expressed their great admiration of his estate,he gave them the property as a wedding gift. Thus,in 1855,the couple became residents of what would eventually become the town of Fairfax.
They made many improvements to their new property. Fairfax imported game birds to satisfy his zeal for hunting and improve his chances for success. Ada planted trees and flowers around the home and grounds and named the estate Bird's Nest Glen,which is now on the National Register of Historic Places as California Registered Historical Landmark No. 679.
They entertained lavishly and it became so customary for their friends to say,"Let's go to the Fairfax's," or "Let's go to Fairfax," that the area took on the identity of Fairfax,which continued long after their departure,up to the time of the town's incorporation in 1931.
The Fairfax estate was also near the site of the last political duel fought in California,on the afternoon of May 25,1861,between State Assemblymen Daniel Showalter and Charles W. Piercy. Though Fairfax served them lunch and tried to dissuade them,the two men walked to a grassy meadow and fired rifles at 40 paces;Piercy was killed by the second volley.
Charles S. Fairfax died suddenly,at age 40,at Barnum's City Hotel in Baltimore,Maryland,after having traveled east as a chairman of the California delegation to the Democratic National Convention,which was assembled in New York City. He is interred in Rock Creek Cemetery,Washington,D.C.,as is his widow.
Fairfax was thoroughly identified with the state of his adoption,and was well known and respected on the Pacific coast. He stood high in the Masonic fraternity,the members of which arranged to send a large delegation at the time of his death.
Fairfax is an incorporated town in Marin County,California,United States. Fairfax is located 3.25 miles (5.2 km) west-northwest of San Rafael,at an elevation of 115 feet (35 m). The population was 7,605 at the 2020 census.
Lord Fairfax of Cameron is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. Despite holding a Scottish peerage,the Lords Fairfax of Cameron are members of an ancient Yorkshire family,of which the Fairfax baronets of The Holmes are members of another branch. From 1515 to about 1700 the family lived at Denton Hall.
Thomas Fairfax,6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,was a Scottish peer. He was the son of Thomas Fairfax,5th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,and Catherine Colepeper,daughter of Thomas Colepeper,2nd Baron Colepeper.
Nicholas John Albert Fairfax,14th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,is a Scottish nobleman,peer,and politician. He is the current holder of the title of Lord Fairfax of Cameron,succeeding his father,Thomas Fairfax,13th Lord Fairfax of Cameron.
Ferdinando Fairfax was a Virginia landowner and member of the prominent Fairfax family.
John Carlyle Herbert was an American lawyer,planter,military officer in the War of 1812 and politician. He served as a legislator in both Virginia and Maryland,as well as a U.S. Congressman representing Maryland's 2nd congressional district (1814-1818).
Greenway Court is a historic country estate near White Post in rural Clarke County,Virginia. The property is the site of the seat of the vast 18th-century land empire of Thomas Fairfax,6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693-1781),the only ennobled British colonial proprietor to live in one of the North American colonies. The surviving remnants of his complex —a later replacement brick house and Fairfax's stone land office —were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960.
George William Fairfax was a planter in colonial Virginia who represented then-vast Frederick County and later Fairfax County in the House of Burgesses before the American Revolutionary War,by which time he had returned to England. A mentor and good friend of George Washington,Fairfax made opportunities for the younger Washington through his powerful British family,and Washington assisted him afterward by arranging for the sale of his Virginia property after he returned to Britain.
Thomas Bryan Martin (1731–1798) was an 18th-century English American land agent,justice,legislator,and planter in the colony of Virginia and in present-day West Virginia. Martin was the land agent of the Northern Neck Proprietary for his uncle Thomas Fairfax,6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693–1781) and served two terms in the House of Burgesses.
Thomas Brian McKelvie Fairfax,13th Lord Fairfax of Cameron,was a Scottish nobleman,peer,and Conservative politician.
Vaucluse was a villa in Fairfax County,Virginia,three miles (5 km) from Alexandria and 10 miles (16 km) from Washington,D.C.,on a hill near the Virginia Theological Seminary,that was owned first by Dr. James Craik,and later by the Fairfax family,the first being Thomas Fairfax,9th Lord Fairfax of Cameron.
Rev. Bryan Fairfax,8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1736—1802) was an Anglican clergyman and Scottish peer. He was a lifelong friend of George Washington and became the first American-born Lord Fairfax;his predecessors were born in the UK. The Rev. The Lord Fairfax was the first cousin once removed of the seventh Lord. He lived in Virginia. He was the grandson of Reverend the Hon. Henry Fairfax,second son of the fourth Lord. However,it wasn't until 1800 that he was confirmed in the title by the House of Lords.
William Fairfax (1691–1757) was a political appointee of the British Crown in several colonies as well as a planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. Fairfax served as Collector of Customs in Barbados,Chief Justice and governor of the Bahamas;and Customs agent in Marblehead,Massachusetts before being reassigned to the Virginia colony. In the Virginia Colony,Fairfax acted as a land agent for his cousin's vast holdings in the colony's northeast corner,known as the Northern Neck Proprietary. Also a tobacco planter himself,Fairfax was elected to the House of Burgesses representing King William County within the proprietary,which he helped split so that Fairfax County was created. Appointed to the Governor's Council,he rose to become its president. Fairfax also commissioned the construction of his plantation called Belvoir in what became Fairfax County to honor his family.
Thomas Fairfax,9th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1762–1846),was an American born Scottish peer,who along with his father,on 11 December 1799,was among the last guests at Mount Vernon before Washington died.
John Contee Fairfax was an American citizen and heir to a Scottish peerage.
Mount Eagle was a plantation home built by Bryan Fairfax,8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron in 1789–90,south of Hunting Creek and Alexandria in Fairfax County,Virginia. It was demolished in 1968;the Huntington Metro Station and several condominium complexes were built on the property.
Towlston Grange is an 18th-century plantation in Great Falls in Fairfax County,Virginia,United States. The estate served as a residence for several prominent members of the Fairfax family. Towlston Grange is located at 1213 Towlston Road in Great Falls. There is a photograph of Bryan Fairfax's Towlston Grange in its unrestored state,taken by "The Rambler" of the Washington,D.C. Evening Star newspaper in 1918,that shows a 1+1⁄2-story clapboarded house built in the English tradition.[4]
Daniel Showalter (1830–1866),was a California miner,state legislator,duelist,secessionist,and Confederate States of America military officer in Texas.
Charles W. Piercy (1833–1861),was a California Democratic politician,Assemblyman,and Douglas Democrat who was killed in a duel with a Southern Democrat Assemblyman Daniel Showalter in the last political duel in California.
William J. Knox (1820–1867) was a physician,businessman,and politician in 19th-century California. Knox migrated to California with his wife Sarah Knox-Goodrich in 1850,and co-founded the South Yuba Canal Water Company in Nevada County. He served in the California Assembly for Nevada County and the California State Senate for Santa Clara County where he authored a bill giving married women the right to control their own estate.
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