In 2007, Van Hollen became the chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC). In this post, he was responsible for leading efforts to defend vulnerable Democrats and get more Democrats elected to Congress in 2008, which he did. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi created a new leadership post, Assistant to the Speaker, in 2006 so that Van Hollen could be present at all leadership meetings. He was elected Ranking Member on the Budget Committee on November 17, 2010. Pelosi appointed Van Hollen to the 12-member bipartisan Committee on Deficit Reduction with a mandate for finding major budget reductions by late 2011. On October 17, 2013, Pelosi appointed Van Hollen to serve on the bicameral conference committee.[3]
Van Hollen served in the Maryland General Assembly from 1991 to 2003, first in the House of Delegates (1991–95) and then in the State Senate (1995–2003).[10] In the Senate, he served on the Budget and Taxation Committee and the Health and Human Services Subcommittee. He led successful efforts to raise the tobacco tax, prohibit oil drilling in the Chesapeake Bay, mandate trigger locks for guns, and increase funding for education and healthcare.[8] In 2002, The Washington Post called Van Hollen "one of the most accomplished members of the General Assembly."[13]
U.S. House of Representatives
Chris Van Hollen joining Prince George's County Executive Jack B. Johnson (at the podium and to the left of Van Hollen) for the announcement of the county's legislative agenda for 2005
Maryland Democrats redrew the boundaries of the 8th congressional district, then represented by long-serving Republican incumbent Connie Morella, in 2002.[14] Van Hollen defeated Morella in the 2002 general election in part, according to some analysts, because of this redistricting.[15]
Maryland's 8th district hugs the northern border of Washington, D.C., and is one of the wealthiest and most educated congressional districts in the nation. The federal government is the single largest employer in the district, and many private companies are funded by the government.[16]
In 2003, the Committee for Education Funding, the nation's largest and oldest non-partisan education coalition, named Van Hollen the Outstanding New Member of the Year.[17] The first bill Van Hollen introduces every session is the Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (Keep Our PACT) Act, which would fully fund No Child Left Behind and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. He introduced an amendment, which passed, that repealed a 9.5 percent loophole in student loans that had allowed lenders to pocket billions of taxpayer dollars. Now, that money is available for additional student loans.[18]
Because many federal employees live in his district, Van Hollen has worked on a number of issues relating to them. He supported pay parity in pay raises for civilian employees and introduced an amendment, which passed, to block attempts to outsource federal jobs.[19]
Official portrait as a U.S. Representative, 2010
Van Hollen has secured federal funding for a number of local-interest projects, including transportation initiatives, local homeland security efforts, education programs and community development projects. He and Adam Schiff (D-CA) often discuss issues of National Security on the floor of the House in tandem, with particular commentary on the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.[20]
In July 2006, Van Hollen urged the Bush administration to support a ceasefire supported by a peacekeeping force that would end the 2006 Lebanon War. He was criticized by elements of the Jewish and pro-Israel community, a large part of his constituency, for criticizing U.S. and Israeli policy in the Lebanon conflict.[21] In follow-up comments, Van Hollen indicated that his original comments were meant as a critique of Bush administration policy but did not retract his position, and other members of the local Jewish and pro-Israel community defended him.[21][22][23]
In 2006, Van Hollen opted out of the race to succeed the retiring Senator Paul Sarbanes, saying he would rather spend time with his family and help elect more Democrats to Congress.[24] In keeping with that, Van Hollen was appointed to Chairman of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee.
In 2009, Van Hollen introduced a bill which establishes a green bank to catalyze the financing of clean energy and energy efficiency projects.[25] He reintroduced the same bill again in 2014.[26]
In March 2010, when Charles Rangel was forced to resign as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means over ethics charges, Van Hollen played a key role in having Sander Levin succeed to the Chairmanship over Pete Stark. Stark was the second-most experienced member of the committee while Levin was third, and party tradition would have made Stark chairman due to seniority. However, Van Hollen and other younger members saw Stark's past intemperate comments as a liability to the Democrats in an election year.[27]
On April 29, 2010, Van Hollen introduced the campaign finance DISCLOSE Act.[28] He reintroduced the bill for the 113th Congress on February 9, 2012.[29]
In April 2011, Van Hollen sued the Federal Election Commission, charging it with regulatory capture and the creation of a loophole that allowed unlimited and undisclosed financing in the 2010 election season. According to Van Hollen, had it not been for the loophole, "much of the more than $135 million in secret contributions that funded expenditures would have been disclosed."[30][needs update]
Chris Van Hollen giving his Electoral College count remarks, including his response to the storming of the Capitol on January 6, 2021.
Van Hollen was walking to the Senate chambers to make his speech for the 2021 United States Electoral College count when he was stopped by U.S. Capitol Police telling him that the building was on lockdown due to the storming of the Capitol.[33] Van Hollen returned to his office, where he remained for the duration of the attack.[34] In the immediate wake of the insurrection, Van Hollen called Trump a "political arsonist" and that "I never thought we would live to see the day that violent mobs seized control of the Capitol. I cry for our country."[35] As Van Hollen waited for the Capitol to be secured, he stated that he wanted an immediate investigation and called the perpetrators "a violent mob." He also compared the treatment of the rioters by police in contrast to events in which led to tear gas use on peaceful protestors, such as Black Lives Matter protests.[36] After Congress returned to session to certify the Electoral College count, he voted in support of the certification.[37] Additionally, Van Hollen called for Trump's "immediate removal" by invoking the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution and that "we should have looked at that option much earlier."[33]
Prior to Van Hollen's election, incumbent Connie Morella had won eight elections in the district, despite the fact that she was a Republican in a district that had swung heavily Democratic. Morella's success was largely attributed to her political independence and relatively liberal voting record, including support for abortion rights, gay rights, gun control and increased environmental protections.
After Morella's reelection in 2000, Democratic Maryland Senate President Thomas V. Miller, Jr. made no secret that he wanted to draw the 8th out from under Morella. Indeed, one redistricting plan after the 2000 U.S. Census went so far as to divide the 8th in two, giving one district to Van Hollen and forcing Morella to run against popular State Delegate Mark Kennedy Shriver in November. The final plan was far less ambitious, but made the district even more Democratic than its predecessor. It absorbed nine heavily Democratic precincts from neighboring Prince George's County, an area that Morella had never represented. It also restored a heavily Democratic spur in eastern Montgomery County that had been cut out in the last round of redistricting.
In 2002, Van Hollen entered a competitive Democratic primary against Shriver and former Clinton Administration aide Ira Shapiro. Though Shriver had the most money, Van Hollen launched a very successful grassroots effort that mobilized Democratic voters. After receiving the endorsement of The Washington Post, The Baltimore Sun, and other local papers, Van Hollen defeated Shriver 43.5 percent to 40.6 percent.
During the campaign, Van Hollen emphasized that even when Morella voted with the district, her partisan affiliation kept Tom DeLay and the rest of her party's more conservative leadership in power. Van Hollen also touted his leadership in the State Senate on issues such as education funding, HMO reform, trigger locks for handguns, and protecting the Chesapeake Bay from oil drilling. Ultimately, after a tight race, Van Hollen defeated Morella 51.7 percent to 48.2 percent.[16] Van Hollen crushed Morella in the Prince George's County portion of the district, while narrowly winning Montgomery County. However, Morella won most of the precincts she'd previously represented.
Proving just how Democratic this district was, Van Hollen was reelected four times from this district by over 70 percent of the vote. However, it had long been taken for granted that the Republicans would face extremely long odds of retaking the seat if Morella retired or was defeated in an election.
After the 2010 census, Van Hollen's district was made slightly less Democratic. He lost a heavily Democratic spur of Montgomery County to the neighboring 6th district, and lost his share of Prince George's County to the 4th district. In their place, the 8th absorbed a strongly Republican spur of Frederick County, as well as the southern portion of even more Republican Carroll County. Nonetheless, since his share of Montgomery County has more than double the population of his shares of Carroll and Frederick counties combined, Van Hollen easily won a sixth term over Republican Ken Timmerman with 63 percent of the vote. While Van Hollen lost in Carroll and Frederick, he swamped Timmerman in Montgomery by 113,500 votes.
Political positions
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Van Hollen has been endorsed by the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence,[40] a group which campaigns for more government regulation of guns.[41] Van Hollen received a 0% from the Gun Owners of America (GOA) in 2006.[42] In September 2008, Van Hollen voted against repealing portions of the Washington, D.C. Firearm Ban.[43]
In 2015, Van Hollen introduced legislation for increased handgun licensing, specifically the requirement for permit-to-purchase licenses. This proposal was based on a similar law that exists in Maryland. On proposing the law, Van Hollen stated that "States require licenses to drive a car or even to fish in local rivers, so requiring a license to buy a deadly handgun is a common-sense step that could save countless lives."[44]
In October 2018, Van Hollen and Susan Collins cosponsored a bipartisan bill that if passed would block "any persons from foreign adversaries from owning or having control over vendors administering U.S. elections." Protect Our Elections Act would make companies involved in administering elections reveal foreign owners, and inform local, state and federal authorities if said ownership changes. Companies failing to comply would face fines of $100,000.[52][53]
Journalism
In July 2019 Van Hollen cosponsored the Fallen Journalists Memorial Act, a bill introduced by Ben Cardin and Rob Portman that would create a privately funded memorial to be constructed on federal lands in Washington, D.C. to honor journalists, photographers, and broadcasters who died in the line of duty.[54]
Foreign policy
In May 2020, Van Hollen voiced his opposition to Israel's plan to annex parts of the Israeli-occupied West Bank.[55]
Taxes
Van Hollen received a 0% rating for the Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW), and the National Taxpayers Union (NTU), in 2010.[42] Both these organizations advocate for lower taxes for everyone including the wealthy.[56][57] In 2006, Van Hollen received a 100% rating from Citizens for Tax Justice (CTJ), a group that calls for higher taxes on the wealthy.[58] Van Hollen opposes eliminating the federal estate tax.[42][59]
Electoral history
Maryland's 8th congressional district election, 2002[60]
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