Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (14 February 1776 – 16 March 1858) was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher. He was a contemporary of Goethe and was born within the lifetime of Linnaeus. He described approximately 7,000 plant species (almost as many as Linnaeus himself). His last official act as president of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina was to admit Charles Darwin as a member. He was the author of numerous monographs on botany and zoology. His best-known works deal with fungi.
Nees von Esenbeck was born in Schloss Reichenberg near Reichelsheim (Odenwald). He showed an early interest in science and, after receiving his primary education in Darmstadt, he went on to the University of Jena, obtaining his degree in biology (natural history) and medicine in 1800. He practiced as a physician for Francis I (Erbach-Erbach), but he had developed a great interest in botany during his university studies, and eventually he returned to academia.[ citation needed ] In 1816 he joined the Leopoldina Academy, which was one of the most prestigious institutions in Europe. In 1817 he was appointed professor of botany at the University of Erlangen. Three years later he became professor of natural history at the University of Bonn, where he established the Botanische Gärten der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, and in 1831 he was appointed to the chair of botany at the University of Breslau. [1] In 1818 he was elected president of the Leopoldina Academy. He continued as president of the academy for the rest of his life. In botany he achieved notoriety for, among other things, contributions to the families Acanthaceae and Lauraceae.
He became politically active in the German revolutions of 1848–1849. In 1851 due to conflicts with the government he was deprived of his professorship and pension at Breslau. Seven years later Nees von Esenbeck died essentially penniless in Breslau. He was an older brother to botanist Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck (1787–1837). [1]
In 1936, botanist Wilhelm Kirschstein published Myconeesia , a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae and named in his honour. [3] In 1940, botanist Pilg. published Neesiochloa is a genus of Brazilian plants in the grass family, in Nees von Esenbeck's honour. [4] [5] [6] Then in 1947, botanist Margaret Rutherford Bryan Levyns published Neesenbeckia , a monotypic genus of flowering plants from South Africa, belonging to the family Cyperaceae, in Nees von Esenbeck's honour. [7]
Julius von Sachs was a German botanist from Breslau, Prussian Silesia. Sachs is considered the founder of experimental plant physiology and co-founder of modern water culture. He and Wilhelm Knop are monumental figures in the history of botany by first demonstrating the importance of water culture in the investigation of plant nutrition.
Johann Friedrich Gmelin was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist, and malacologist.
Alexander Georg von Bunge was a Russian botanist. He is best remembered for scientific expeditions into Asia and especially Siberia.
Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher also known as Endlicher István László was an Austrian botanist, numismatist and Sinologist. He was a director of the Botanical Garden of Vienna.
Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany.
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link was a German naturalist and botanist. The standard author abbreviation Link is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Carl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was also a mentor of Alexander von Humboldt, one of the earliest and best known phytogeographers. He also influenced Christian Konrad Sprengel, who pioneered the study of plant pollination and floral biology.
August Wilhelm Eichler, also known under his Latinized name, Augustus Guilielmus Eichler, was a German botanist who developed a new system of classification of plants to reflect the concept of evolution. His author abbreviation in botany is Eichler.
Ludolph Christian Treviranus was a German botanist born in Bremen. He was a younger brother to naturalist Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus (1776–1837).
Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck was a German botanist and pharmacologist, who was born in Schloss Reichenberg near Reichelsheim (Odenwald). He was a younger brother to naturalist Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776–1858).
Christian Friedrich Hornschuch was a German botanist born in Rodach, Bavaria.
Albrecht Wilhelm Roth was a physician and botanist born in Dötlingen, Germany.
Neesiochloa is a genus of Brazilian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Neesiochloa barbata. It is native to eastern Brazil.
Carl Ernst August Weihe (1779–1834) was a German botanist and physician.
Carl Heinrich Ebermaier was a German physician and author on medicinal botany. He was the son of pharmacist/physician Johann Erdwin Christoph Ebermaier (1768-1825).
Adalbert Carl Friedrich Hellwig Conrad Schnizlein was a German botanist and pharmacist. He is largely remembered for his work in the fields of plant taxonomy and phytogeography.
Joseph August Schenk was an Austrian-born, German botanist and paleobotanist.
Carl Traugott Beilschmied was a German pharmacist and botanist, known for his research in phytogeography.
Plantae preissianae sive enumeratio plantarum quas in australasia occidentali et meridionali-occidentali annis 1838-1841 collegit Ludovicus Preiss, more commonly known as Plantae preissianae, is a book written by Johann Georg Christian Lehmann and Ludwig Preiss.
Neesenbeckia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cyperaceae. The only species is Neesenbeckia punctoria(Vahl) Levyns.