Baron Barnard, of Barnard Castle in the Bishopric of Durham, is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1698 for Christopher Vane, who had previously served as a member of parliament for County Durham and Boroughbridge. Vane was the son of Sir Henry Vane the Younger and grandson of Sir Henry Vane the Elder. His grandson, the third Baron, notably served as Paymaster of the Forces and as Lord Lieutenant of County Durham. In 1754 he was created Viscount Barnard and Earl of Darlington, both in the County Palatine of Durham. Lord Darlington was the husband of Lady Grace FitzRoy, daughter of Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland, the illegitimate son of King Charles II by his mistress Barbara Villiers, 1st Duchess of Cleveland.
Duke of Cleveland was a title that was created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The dukedoms were named after Cleveland in northern England.
Christopher Smart was an English poet. He was a major contributor to two popular magazines, The Midwife and The Student, and a friend to influential cultural icons like Samuel Johnson and Henry Fielding. Smart, a high church Anglican, was widely known throughout London.
Raby Castle is a medieval castle located near Staindrop in County Durham, England, among 200 acres (810,000 m2) of deer park. It was built by John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby, between approximately 1367 and 1390. Cecily Neville, the mother of the Kings Edward IV and Richard III, was born here. After Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, led the failed Rising of the North in favour of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1569 Raby Castle was taken into royal custody. Sir Henry Vane the Elder purchased Raby Castle in 1626 and neighbouring Barnard Castle from the Crown, and the Earls of Darlington and Dukes of Cleveland added a Gothic-style entrance hall and octagonal drawing room. From 1833 to 1891 they were the Dukes of Cleveland and they retain the title of Lord Barnard. Extensive alterations were carried out in the 17th and 18th centuries. It is famed for both its size and its art, including works by old masters and portraits. After 1733 it was frequented from his young age of eleven by the poet Christopher Smart, who eloped briefly at the age of thirteen with Anne Vane, daughter of Henry Vane, who succeeded to the Barnard title. It is a Grade I listed building and open to the public on a seasonal basis.
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Durham.
Harry John Neville Vane, 11th Baron Barnard,, was an English peer and landowner in Northumbria and County Durham.
Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, PC, known as Lord Barnard between 1753 and 1754, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1726 to 1753 when he succeeded to a peerage as Baron Barnard.
William Henry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland, KG, styled Viscount Barnard until 1792 and known as The Earl of Darlington between 1792 and 1827 and as The Marquess of Cleveland between 1827 and 1833, was a British landowner, slave holder and politician.
John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle was a prominent English peer and politician.
The Right Honourable Henry Francis Cecil Vane, 12th Baron Barnard MBA BSc, known as Harry Vane, is a British landowner and nobleman. He inherited his title in 2016 when his father died.
Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660. He was styled Lord Haughton from 1637 until he succeeded to the title Earl of Clare in 1666.
Barnard Castle is a ruined medieval castle situated in the town of the same name in County Durham, England.
Sir Henry Vane, known as the Elder to distinguish him from his son, was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1654. He served King Charles in many posts including secretary of state, but on the outbreak of the English Civil War joined the Parliamentary cause. He was the third cousin of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland.
Henry de Vere Vane, 9th Baron Barnard,, was a British hereditary peer and senior Freemason.
Christopher William Vane, 10th Baron Barnard,, was a British peer and military officer.
Major Hon. Henry Cecil Vane was the son and heir apparent of Henry Vane, 9th Baron Barnard of Raby Castle. He was wounded in World War I and died of those wounds shortly after, leaving his younger brother Christopher as heir to the Raby estates.
William Vane, 1st Viscount Vane, of Fairlawn, Kent, was a British Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1708 and 1734.
William Holles Vane, 2nd Viscount Vane, was a British Whig politician. He is best remembered for his devotion to his openly unfaithful wife Frances, who despised him.
Fairlawne is a Grade I listed house in Shipbourne, Kent, England, about 30 miles southeast of central London. The Fairlawne Estate is extensive and stretches to Plaxtol.
Elizabeth Vane, Lady Barnard, formerly Lady Elizabeth Holles was an English noblewoman, the wife of Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard. Her disputes with her family led to a noted court case, and her ghost is reputed to haunt Raby Castle, near Durham.
