Church of All Souls, Bolton

Church of All Souls, Bolton
All Souls Church, Bolton, from the northeast
Church of All Souls, Bolton Location in Lancashire
53°35′37″N2°26′02″W / 53.5937°N 2.4339°W / 53.5937; -2.4339
OS grid reference	SD 713,108
Location	Astley Street, Bolton, Greater Manchester
Country	England
Denomination	Anglican
Website	Churches Conservation Trust
History
Founder(s)	Thomas Greenhalgh
Dedication	All Souls
Consecrated	1881
Architecture
Functional status	Redundant
Heritage designation	Grade II*
Designated	26 April 1974
Architect(s)	Paley and Austin
Architectural type	Church
Style	Gothic Revival
Groundbreaking	1878
Completed	1881
Construction cost	£16,500 (equivalent to £1,770,000 in 2021)
Closed	1986
Specifications
Materials	Brick with sandstone dressings, slate roofs

The Church of All Souls is a redundant Anglican church in Astley Street, Astley Bridge, Bolton, Lancashire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, ^[1] and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. ^[2] As of 2010, the church is being converted into a community centre.

Early history

The church was built between 1878 and 1881 and paid for by Thomas Greenhalgh, an Evangelical mill-owner. Thomas inherited the money from his brother Nathaniel, who had died in 1877, aged 60. It was one of two churches in the area financed from this inheritance, the other being St Saviour's. The total cost of the church, including fittings, the stained glass, the organ, and the boundary walls, was £23,000 (equivalent to £2,470,000 in 2021). ^{[3] [4]} The local population had grown during the second half of the 19th century, and the church was intended to serve the people working in the nearby mills. It was designed by the Lancaster architects Paley and Austin. The church was planned to seat a congregation of about 800, giving them all a good view of the proceedings, and an opportunity to hear the sermon. ^[5] The contractors were Cordingley and Stopford of Manchester. The church was consecrated in 1881 by Dr J. Fraser, Bishop of Manchester. ^[6] Few changes have been made to the church since then. A war memorial was added to commemorate the parishioners who had died serving in the First World War. ^[7]

Architecture

Exterior

All Souls is constructed in brick with dressings of Longridge sandstone. The interior is dressed with Stourton stone. ^[8] The roofs are of slate. Its plan consists of a five-bay nave, a two-bay chancel with a canted apse, an organ chamber to the north, and a chapel and vestry to the south, and a west tower with a protruding north porch and stair turret. There are no aisles. The tower has four stages. ^[1] It is 118 feet (36 m) high. ^[8] In the lowest stage is a west door over which is a frieze and a three-light traceried window. The north porch is gabled. The second stage contains a round window. In the third stage are two small windows and a three-light bell opening containing Perpendicular tracery. Around the top of the tower is a traceried parapet with crocketed pinnacles at the corners. The nave is divided into bays by buttresses and at the corners of the east end are octagonal pinnacles with crocketted caps. In the bays are two tiers of three-light windows with Perpendicular tracery. The windows in the chapels are flat-headed. In the chancel the windows are in two tiers, with one of four lights and two of two lights. A parapet decorated with a quatrefoil frieze runs round the top of the chancel. ^[1]

Interior

The interior is constructed without any pillars, making it a single, undivided space, with a span of 52 feet (16 m), one of the widest for a parish church in England. ^[8] It was built in this way to give the congregation an excellent view of the chancel from the nave, and the ability to hear the sermon clearly. ^[5] At the west end is a small gallery. ^[9] To provide the wide interior, the timber roof has a complex structure with rib vaulting. The vaulting is carried on octagonal shafts between the windows. On the sides of the chancel are two-bay arcades. The reredos is in stone, and consists of traceried panels, the outer ones of which are inscribed with prayers and other text. ^[1] The reredos and the font were designed by John Roddis of Birmingham. ^[9] The choir stalls, pews, organ case, altar, communion rails, credence table, and pulpit are in oak and were all designed by the architects. ^{[9] [10]} The stained glass in the apse depicts scenes from the New Testament. It was designed by the architects and made by Clayton and Bell. The windows are dedicated to the memory of Thomas Greenhalgh's brother, Nathaniel. The stained glass in the east chancel windows is dated 1887 and depicts Faith and Hope; it was made by Burlison and Grylls. ^[10] The two-manual organ was built in 1881 by Isaac Abbott of Leeds. ^{[10] [11]} There is a ring of eight bells, all cast in 1881 by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough. ^[12]

Recent history and present day

During the 20th century the size of the local population was declining, and in 1962 the parish was combined with that of St James in Waterloo Road. ^[5] In 1970 the stained glass windows in the tower were removed. They had depicted the Creation and were made by Shrigley and Hunt, but had been damaged by vandalism. ^[13] The church closed in 1986 and was vested in the Churches Conservation Trust. ^[5] The building has since been redeveloped and in December 2014 opened as a business and community centre, managed by a small charity set up for this purpose, known as All Souls Bolton. ^[14]

See also

• Greater Manchester portal

• List of churches in Greater Manchester
• Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester
• Listed buildings in Bolton
• List of ecclesiastical works by Paley and Austin
• List of churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust in Northern England

References

1. Historic England, "Church of All Souls, Bolton (1387878)", National Heritage List for England , retrieved 9 July 2012
2. All Soul's Church, Bolton, Lancashire, Churches Conservation Trust , retrieved 18 October 2016
3. UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
4. Brandwood, Geoff; Austin, Tim; Hughes, John; Price, James (2012), The Architecture of Sharpe, Paley and Austin, Swindon: English Heritage, pp. 112–113, 230–231, ISBN   978-1-84802-049-8
5. History: All about All Souls, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 November 2010, retrieved 23 September 2010
6. History: The Greenhalgh Brothers, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 September 2011, retrieved 23 September 2010
7. History: Memorials, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 September 2011, retrieved 23 September 2010
8. History: Architecture, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 September 2011, retrieved 23 September 2010
9. Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2004), The Buildings of England: Lancashire: Manchester and the South-East, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, p. 150, ISBN   0-300-10583-5
10. History: Interior, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 September 2011, retrieved 23 September 2010
11. Lancashire (Manchester, Greater), Bolton, All Souls (N10665), British Institute of Organ Studies , retrieved 23 September 2010
12. Bolton, All Souls, Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers , retrieved 23 September 2010
13. History: Changes, All Souls Crompton Community Centre, archived from the original on 3 September 2011, retrieved 23 September 2010
14. About us, All Souls Bolton, retrieved 27 July 2016

External links

• Media related to Church of All Souls, Bolton at Wikimedia Commons