Foreign relations of Israel refers to diplomatic and trade relations between Israel and other countries around the world. Israel has diplomatic ties with 164 of the other 192 UN member states as of December 2020. Israel is a member of the United Nations (UN) and a number of other international organisations. Israel maintains full diplomatic relations with two of its Arab neighbours,Egypt and Jordan,after signing peace treaties in 1979 and 1994 respectively. In 2020,Israel signed agreements establishing diplomatic relations with four Arab League countries,Bahrain,the United Arab Emirates,Sudan and Morocco. As of 2021,Israel had formal diplomatic relations with 168 other countries,while twenty-eight UN member states have either never established,or have broken off diplomatic relations with Israel.
Thomas Reeve "Tom" Pickering is a retired United States ambassador. Among his many diplomatic appointments,he served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations from 1989 to 1992.
Ron Dermer is an American-born Israeli political consultant and diplomat serving as the Israeli Minister of Strategic Affairs. He previously served as the Israeli Ambassador to the United States from 2013 to 2021. Zachy Hennessy of the Jerusalem Post called Dermer "one of the most consequential ambassadors from Israel to the United States",and the Jewish Institute for National Security of America called him "one of the most creative and influential ambassadors from any country during his time in Washington".
Ismail Khaldi is the first Bedouin diplomat in the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Israeli–Venezuelan relations refer to foreign relations between Israel and Venezuela. Both countries have no formal relations since 2009 but since the 2019 presidential crisis,self-declared interim president Juan Guaidóis currently under the process to restore diplomatic relations between the two countries. Canada serves as Israel's protecting power in Venezuela through its embassy in Caracas,while Spain serves as Venezuela's protecting power in Israel through its embassy in Tel Aviv.
Samuel Winfield Lewis was an American diplomat. During a lengthy career with the United States Department of State,he served as Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (1975–1977),U.S. ambassador to Israel (1977–1985) and Director of Policy Planning (1993–1994). As ambassador to Israel,Lewis played a major part in brokering the Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt. He also headed the United States Institute of Peace from 1987 through 1993.
Gilad Menashe Erdan is an Israeli politician and diplomat serving as Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations since 2020.
The Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations is the de facto Israel Ambassador to the United Nations,with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
Canada–Israel relations refer to the bilateral diplomatic,commercial,and cultural ties between Canada and the State of Israel. Canada recognised Israel on 11 May 1949,three days before the first anniversary of the Israeli Declaration of Independence,and currently maintains an embassy in Tel Aviv;Israel maintains an embassy in Ottawa and regional consulates in Montreal and Toronto.
Albania has recognized Israel as a state since April 19,1949. Diplomatic relations between the countries were established on August 19,1991. Albania has an embassy in Tel Aviv,Israel,and Israel has an embassy in Tirana,Albania.
Ireland–Israel relations are foreign relations between Ireland and Israel.
Egypt–Israel relations are foreign relations between Egypt and Israel. The state of war between both countries which dated back to the 1948 Arab–Israeli War culminated in the Yom Kippur War in 1973,and was followed by the 1979 Egypt–Israel peace treaty a year after the Camp David Accords,mediated by U.S. president Jimmy Carter. Full diplomatic relations were established on January 26,1980,and the formal exchange of ambassadors took place one month later,on February 26,1980,with Eliyahu Ben-Elissar serving as the first Israeli Ambassador to Egypt,and Saad Mortada as the first Egyptian Ambassador to Israel. Egypt has an embassy in Tel Aviv and a consulate in Eilat. Israel has an embassy in Cairo and a consulate in Alexandria. Their shared border has two official crossings,one at Taba and one at Nitzana. The crossing at Nitzana is for commercial and tourist traffic only. The two countries' borders also meet at the shoreline of the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea.
Israel and Indonesia have no formal diplomatic ties,although they maintain quiet trade,tourism and security contacts. In 2012,Indonesia spoke of upgrading relations with Israel and opening a consulate in Ramallah,but this agreement was never implemented.
Nikolay Evtimov Mladenov is a Bulgarian politician and diplomat who served as Bulgaria's Minister of Defense from 27 July 2009 to 27 January 2010 and as the minister of foreign affairs in the government of then prime minister Boyko Borisov from 2010 to 2013. Prior to that,he was a Member of the European Parliament from 2007 to 2009.
Anna Azari is an Israeli diplomat,and the current Ambassador of Israel to the Czech Republic. She has previously been Israel's Ambassador to Russia (2006–2010) and Poland (2014–2019).
Ali Yahya was an Israeli Arab diplomat. He became the first Israeli ambassador of Arab descent in 1995 when he was appointed Ambassador to Finland,a post in which he served until 1999. Yahya served as Israeli Ambassador to Greece from 2006 to 2014.
Israel–Saudi Arabia relations refer to the bilateral ties between the State of Israel and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The two countries have never established diplomatic relations;in 1947,Saudi Arabia voted against the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine,which aimed to split the territory of British Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state. As of 2023,negotiations to establish diplomatic relations were ongoing.
Rodica Radian-Gordon is the first female Israeli Ambassador to Spain and non-resident accreditation to Andorra,a position she has held since September 2019. She’s also been ambassador to Mexico and non-resident to the Bahamas (2010–2015) and Romania (2003–2007).
