Classification
In the 1920s G.A. Grierson in his Linguistic Survey of India called this group North-Western Lahnda. [1] Jatki language is a common name for the Jhangvi dialect, Shahpuri dialect and Dhani dialect. The glotlog codes for these are:
Dhani, or Dhanni, [1] is a group of Western Punjabi dialects spoken in parts of Rawalpindi Division (Pothohar) of Pakistani Punjab. They are spoken throughout a widespread area, including Chakwal [2] and Jhelum Districts, as well as in neighbouring Attock District. Its name is derived from Dhan valley where its spoken.[ citation needed ] The closely related dialect Sohāī̃ is spoken in the Fateh Jang Tehsil of Attock District. [1]
In the 1920s G.A. Grierson in his Linguistic Survey of India called this group North-Western Lahnda. [1] Jatki language is a common name for the Jhangvi dialect, Shahpuri dialect and Dhani dialect. The glotlog codes for these are:
Chakwal district of Punjab Province of Pakistan and neighboring districts speak this dialect.
Pakistan is a multilingual country with over 70 languages spoken as first languages. The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family.
Hindko is a Western Punjabi language variety spoken by several million people of various ethnic backgrounds in several areas in northwestern Pakistan, primarily in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and northwestern regions of Punjab.
Saraiki is a Western Punjabi Language variety spoken by 26 million people primarily in the south-western half of the province of Punjab in Pakistan. It was previously known as Multani, after its main dialect.
West Punjab was a province in the Dominion of Pakistan from 1947 to 1955. It was established from the western-half of British Punjab, following the independence of Pakistan. The province covered an area of 159,344 km sq, including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former Princely state of Bahawalpur. Lahore, being the largest city and the cultural centre, served as the capital of the province. The province was composed of four divisions and was bordered by the state of Bahawalpur to the south-east, the province of Baluchistan to the south-west and Sind to the south, North-West Frontier Province to the north-west, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the north. It shared International border with Indian state of East Punjab to the east and Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir to the north-east. It was dissolved and merged into West Pakistan upon creation of One Unit Scheme, in 1955.
Jhelum District, is partially in Pothohar Plateau, and partially in Punjab Plain of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Jhelum is one of the oldest districts of Punjab. It was established on 23 March 1849. According to the 1998 census, the district had a population of 936,957, of which 31.48% were urban. Jhelum District has a diverse population of 1,103,000 (2006). Jhelum is known for providing many soldiers to the British and later to the Pakistan armed forces due to which it is also known as 'city of soldiers' or 'land of martyrs and warriors'. The district of Jhelum stretches from the river Jhelum almost to the Indus. Salt is quarried at the Mayo mine in the Salt Range. There are two coal mines in the district from which the North-Western railway obtains parts of its supply. These are the only coal mines in Punjab province which are in working condition. The chief center of the salt trade is Pind Dadan Khan. The district is crossed by the main line of the North-Western railway and also traversed along the south by a branch line. It is located in the north of the Punjab province, Jhelum district is bordered by Sargodha and Mandi Bahauddin to its south, Khushab to its southwest, Jhelum River to its south and east, Gujrat to its east, Chakwal to its west, Mirpur to its northeast, and Rawalpindi to its north.
The Western Punjabi language variety spoken on the Pothohar Plateau in the far north of Punjab, Pakistan, as well as in most of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir and in western areas of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, is known by a variety of names, the most common of which are Pahari, and Pothwari.
Chakwal District is in Pothohar Plateau of Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the north of the Punjab province, Chakwal district is bordered by Talagang to its south, Rawalpindi to its north east, Jhelum to its east, Talagang The district was created out of parts of Jhelum and Attock in 1985.
Attock District is a district in Pothohar Plateau of the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Its capital is Attock city.
Chakwal is a city in Chakwal District, in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.
Jhangvi, also known as Jhangli, Jangli or Jhangochi, is a Western Punjabi dialect of the Punjabi language, that is spoken in central regions of Punjab, Pakistan. It is intermediate between Standard Punjabi and Saraiki. Its name is derived from Jhang, its main city. It is spoken throughout a widespread area, starting from Khanewal to Jhang District at either end of Ravi and Chenab. It is also spoken in Chinot, Okara, Sahiwal, Toba Tek Singh, Hafizabad, Pakpattan, Bahawalnagar and Faislabad.
The Bar Region, or the Bars, is an area in Punjab, now part of the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The area consists of agricultural land that was cleared in the nineteenth century for the then 'new' canal irrigation system that the British were developing at the time. The soil of the Bar Region is fertile. The plains of fertile land have been created by the stream deposits driven by the many rivers flowing from the Himalayas.
Pindigheb, is a town in Punjab province Pakistan and seat of Pindi Gheb Tehsil of Attock District. Western route of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) passes through Pindigheb.
Lahnda, also known as Lahndi or Western Punjabi, is a group of north-western Indo-Aryan language varieties spoken in parts of Pakistan and India. It is defined in the ISO 639 standard as a "macrolanguage" or as a "series of dialects" by other authors. Its validity as a genetic grouping is not certain. The terms "Lahnda" and "Western Punjabi" are exonyms employed by linguists, and are not used by the speakers themselves.
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Greater Panjabic are a series of dialects and languages spoken around the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. They have sometimes been referred to as the Greater Punjabi macrolanguage. Punjabi may also be considered as a pluricentric language with more than one standard variety.
Thaḷī is a Western Panjabi dialect spoken in parts of the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It has a widespread area, starting from Tank to Muzzafargarh on the eastern end of the Indus River and from Bannu running down to D I khan at the western end of the Indus River. It is classified as a northern dialect of Saraiki, although it has also been described as transitional between Shahpuri and the central Saraiki Multani dialect. Its name derives from the Thal Desert.
Shahpuri is a Punjabi dialect spoken in the Sargodha Division of Punjab, Pakistan. Grierson considered it to be representative of Lahnda, but later opinions have tended to see it as a general dialect of Punjabi that is transitional to Saraiki. Its name is derived from former Shahpur District.
Awankari is an Indo-Aryan dialect of Pakistan. Classified as a dialect of Hindko, and hence of Lahnda, it is spoken mostly in parts of Chakwal District in the north-west of the province of Punjab.
Ghebī is a dialect of Hindko spoken in Punjab, Pakistan. In the early 20th century Grierson assigned it to his "North-Eastern Lahnda" group, whereas Shackle writing in 1980 placed it within Hindko "proper" alongside Chacchī and Avāṅkārī.
Jatki, Jadgali, and other related terms have sometimes been used to refer to one or another of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Balochistan and neighbouring parts of Sindh and Punjab.
Talagang District Talagang is a District of Punjab province of Pakistan. It is situated in the North of the Punjab province.It is part of the Potohar plateau and lies on the north of Salt Range and east of the Kala Chita range. Talagang is 45 km from Chakwal. The motorway M2 is located 30 km from Talagang. It is located at a distance of 300 km from Lahore and 139 km from Islamabad.Talagang remains a traffic hub as it is located on Islamabad-Karachi national highway. It’s famous for its peanuts production which is the highest in Potohar region consisting of around 42,000 acres of cultivation and hunting grounds with local fauna including black francolin, white throated francolin, quail and hare. Bull Racing(جلسہ کراہ) and Zarri Chappal are also part of Talagang's culture.