| Drygalski Glacier | |
|---|---|
  Location of Drygalski Glacier in Antarctica | |
| Location | Graham Land |
| Coordinates | 64°43′S60°44′W / 64.717°S 60.733°W |
| Length | 18 nmi (33 km; 21 mi) |
| Terminus | Solari Bay |
Drygalski Glacier ( 64°43′S60°44′W / 64.717°S 60.733°W ) is a broad glacier, 18 nautical miles (33 km; 21 mi) long which flows southeast from Herbert Plateau through a rectangular re-entrant to a point immediately north of Sentinel Nunatak on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. [1]
Drygalski Glacier is on the Nordenskjöld Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is east of the Forbidden Plateau, southeast of the Herbert Plateau, southwest of the Detroit Plateau and northeast of the Weddell Sea. The Foster Plateau, Anderson Peak and Seal Nunataks are to the south. [2]
Drygalski Glacier was discovered in 1902 by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition (SwedAE), under Otto Nordenskiöld, and named "Drygalski Bay" after Professor Erich von Drygalski. The feature was determined to be a glacier by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1947. [1]
Features around the head of the glacier include:
64°43′S61°25′W / 64.717°S 61.417°W . A plateau, about 80 square miles (210 km2) in area, lying between Drygalski Glacier and Hektoria Glacier. Photographed by the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) in 1956-57 and mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS). Named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1960 for Richard A. Foster, FIDS leader of the Danco Island station in 1956 and 1957. [3]
64°34′S61°04′W / 64.567°S 61.067°W . A rock buttress rising to more than 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) high, projecting from the south side of Herbert Plateau into the head of Drygalski Glacier. Mapped from surveys by FIDS (1960–61). Named by tye UK-APC for Guillaume Fender of Buenos Aires, inventor of an early type of track-laying vehicle (British Patent of 1882, taken out by John C. Mewburn). [4]
64°33′19″S60°59′31″W / 64.55528°S 60.99194°W A ridge extending 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) in the south foothills of Herbert Plateau. Descending southwards into Drygalski Glacier, with ice-covered upper part rising to 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) high and rocky lower part rising to 1,400 metres (4,600 ft). Situated 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) northwest of Stoykite Buttress, 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) northeast of Fender Buttress, and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of The Catwalk. Named after the Bulgarian artist Dimitar Tomov Molerov (1780–1853). [5]
64°32′40″S60°54′40″W / 64.54444°S 60.91111°W An ice-covered buttress rising to 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) [6] high in the southwest foothills of Detroit Plateau. Situated between south-southwest-flowing tributaries to Drygalski Glacier, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of Konstantin Buttress, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east-northeast of Molerov Spur, and 4.15 kilometres (2.58 mi) south of The Catwalk. Precipitous, partly ice-free west and southeast slopes. Named after the ancient town of Odesos in Northeastern Bulgaria. [7]
64°33′45″S60°50′20″W / 64.56250°S 60.83889°W An ice-covered buttress rising to 1,830 metres (6,000 ft) [8] high in the southwest foothills of Detroit Plateau. Situated between southwest-flowing tributaries to Drygalski Glacier, 9.7 kilometres (6.0 mi) west-northwest of Glazne Buttress, 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) north of Stoykite Buttress, and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast of Odesos Buttress. Precipitous, partly ice-free west and south slopes. Named after the Bulgarian ruler Czar Konstantin II, 1396-1422. [9]
64°36′10″S60°51′10″W / 64.60278°S 60.85278°W An ice-covered buttress rising to 1,650 metres (5,410 ft) [10] high in the southwest foothills of Detroit Plateau. Situated between west-flowing tributaries to Drygalski Glacier, 4.2 kilometres (2.6 mi) north of Ruth Ridge, 10.35 kilometres (6.43 mi) east of the south extremity of Fender Buttress, and 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) south of Konstantin Buttress. Precipitous, partly ice-free northwest and southeast slopes. Named after the settlement of Stoykite in Southern Bulgaria. [11]
Features around the mouth of the glacier include:
64°39′S60°48′W / 64.650°S 60.800°W . A black, rocky ridge 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) long in a N-S direction, terminating at its south end in a small peak. The ridge forms the south end of Detroit Plateau and marks a change in the direction of the plateau escarpment along the east coast of Graham Land where it turns west to form the north wall of Drygalski Glacier. Doctor Otto Nordenskiöld, leader of the SwedAE, 1901–04, gave the name Cape Ruth, in honor of his sister, to what appeared to be a cape at the north side of Drygalski Glacier. The feature was determined to be a ridge in 1947 by the FIDS. [12]
64°41′00″S60°48′10″W / 64.68333°S 60.80278°W A 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long and 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) wide glacier situated southwest of Vrachesh Glacier and north of lower Drygalski Glacier. Draining the south slopes of Ruth Ridge, and flowing southeastwards to join Drygalski Glacier east of Bekker Nunataks. Named after the Bulgarian prince St. Boyan-Enravota (9th century). [13]
64°42′S60°50′W / 64.700°S 60.833°W . Three nunataks lying below Ruth Ridge on the north side of Drygalski Glacier. Mapped from surveys by FIDS (1960–61). Named by UK-APC for Lieutenant Colonel Mieczyslaw G. Bekker, Canadian engineer, author of Theory of Land Locomotion, 1956, a comprehensive source of information on the physical relationship between snow mechanics and track-laying vehicles, skis and sledges. [14]
64°44′30″S60°43′00″W / 64.74167°S 60.71667°W A 11.2 kilometres (7.0 mi) wide bay indenting 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) on the Nordenskjöld Coast, north of Balvan Point and south of the east extremity of Richard Knoll. Formed as a result of the break-up of Larsen Ice Shelf in the area in the late 20th century, and subsequent retreat of Drygalski Glacier. Named after the settlement of Solari in Northern Bulgaria. [15]
64°46′S60°54′W / 64.767°S 60.900°W . A largely ice-free peak, 610 metres (2,000 ft) high, on the ridge running east from Foster Plateau toward Sentinel Nunatak. The name Tillberg was given to a group of four rocky outcrops in this area but, since they are not conspicuous topographically, the UK-APC in 1963 recommended that the name be transferred to this more useful landmark. Named by Doctor Otto Nordenskiöld after Judge Knut Tillberg, contributor to the SwedAE, 1901–04. [16]
64°46′S60°44′W / 64.767°S 60.733°W . A high, black, pyramid-shaped nunatak at the mouth of Drygalski Glacier. Charted by the FIDS in 1947 and so named because of its commanding position at the mouth of Drygalski Glacier. [17]
64°47′13″S60°41′46″W / 64.78694°S 60.69611°W A rocky point on the south side of the entrance to Solari Bay. Situated 4.35 kilometres (2.70 mi) north of Pedersen Nunatak, 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) southeast of Sentinel Nunatak, and 10.27 kilometres (6.38 mi) south-southwest of Richard Knoll. Formed as a result of the break-up of Larsen Ice Shelf in the area in the late 20th century. Named after the settlement of Balvan in Northern Bulgaria. [18]
Aitkenhead Glacier is a 10 nautical miles long glacier flowing east-southeast from the Detroit Plateau, Graham Land, into Prince Gustav Channel.
The Kondofrey Heights are heights that rise to 1,115 metres (3,658 ft) at Skakavitsa Peak, on the southeast side of the Trinity Peninsula, Antarctic Peninsula.
The Wright Ice Piedmont is an ice piedmont extending westward from Lanchester Bay along the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica.
The Cayley Glacier is a glacier flowing northwest into the south side of Brialmont Cove, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.
Piccard Cove is a cove forming the southernmost part of Wilhelmina Bay, along the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.
The Edgeworth Glacier is a glacier 12 nautical miles long, flowing south-southwestwards from the edge of Detroit Plateau below Wolseley Buttress to the ice shelf west of Sobral Peninsula, Graham Land, Antarctica.
The Louis Philippe Plateau is a plateau, about 11 nautical miles long and 5 nautical miles wide, which rises to 1,370 metres (4,490 ft) and occupies the central part of Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica, between Russell West Glacier and Windy Gap.
Sjögren Glacier is a glacier 15 nautical miles long in the south part of Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica. It flows southeast from Detroit Plateau to the south side of Mount Wild, where it enters Prince Gustav Channel.
Russell West Glacier is a glacier, 11 nautical miles long and 4 nautical miles wide, which lies immediately north of Detroit Plateau and flows from Mount Canicula westward into Bone Bay, on the north side of Trinity Peninsula. This glacier together with Russell East Glacier, which flows eastward into Prince Gustav Channel on the south side of Trinity Peninsula, form a through glacier across the north part of Antarctic Peninsula.
Victory Glacier is a gently sloping glacier, 8 nautical miles long, flowing east-southeast from the north end of Detroit Plateau on Trinity Peninsula to Prince Gustav Channel immediately north of Pitt Point. It is bounded by Trakiya Heights to the north and Kondofrey Heights to the south.
Laclavère Plateau is a plateau, 10 nautical miles long and from 1 to 3 nautical miles wide, rising to 1,035 metres (3,396 ft) between Misty Pass and Theodolite Hill, Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica. The plateau rises south of Schmidt Peninsula and the Chilean scientific station, Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme.
Lanchester Bay is a bay 7 nautical miles wide lying east of Havilland Point, along the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.
Larsen Inlet is an inlet, formerly ice-filled, 12 nautical miles long in a north–south direction and 7 nautical miles wide, between Cape Longing and Cape Sobral along the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.
Znepole Ice Piedmont is the glacier extending 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) in northwest-southeast direction and 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) wide on Trinity Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica.
Marla Glacier is a glacier 8 nautical miles long and 1 nautical mile wide on the northeast side of Detroit Plateau on the southern Trinity Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica.
Zavera Snowfield is the glacier extending 18 kilometres (11 mi) in a north-south direction and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) in an east-west direction on southern Trinity Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is located in the northeast foothills of Detroit Plateau, south of Diplock Glacier, north of Mount Wild and northeast of Kopito Ridge. It drains into Prince Gustav Channel in Weddell Sea. The glacier is named after the Bulgarian liberation uprising of ‘Velchova Zavera’ in 1835.
Odrin Bay is a 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) wide bay indenting for 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) the Nordenskjöld Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is entered southwest of Fothergill Point and northeast of Spoluka Point.
Desudava Glacier is the 15.5 kilometres (9.6 mi) long and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) wide glacier on Nordenskjöld Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica situated south of Dinsmoor Glacier and east-northeast of Boryana Glacier.
Desislava Cove is a 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) wide cove indenting for 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) the Nordenskjöld Coast in Graham Land west of Cape Worsley, Antarctica. It was formed as a result of the retreat of Aleksiev Glacier and Kladorub Glacier in the early 21st century.
Relyovo Peninsula is a predominantly ice-covered 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) wide peninsula projecting from Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) into Gerlache Strait south of Duarte Cove and north of Brialmont Cove. It ends in Renzo Point and Charles Point to the west. The feature is named after the settlement of Relyovo in Western Bulgaria.
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