Mikhael Leonidovich Gromov is a Russian-French mathematician known for his work in geometry, analysis and group theory. He is a permanent member of Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques in France and a professor of mathematics at New York University.
In mathematics, specifically in symplectic topology and algebraic geometry, Gromov–Witten (GW) invariants are rational numbers that, in certain situations, count pseudoholomorphic curves meeting prescribed conditions in a given symplectic manifold. The GW invariants may be packaged as a homology or cohomology class in an appropriate space, or as the deformed cup product of quantum cohomology. These invariants have been used to distinguish symplectic manifolds that were previously indistinguishable. They also play a crucial role in closed type IIA string theory. They are named after Mikhail Gromov and Edward Witten.
In mathematics, Floer homology is a tool for studying symplectic geometry and low-dimensional topology. Floer homology is a novel invariant that arises as an infinite-dimensional analogue of finite-dimensional Morse homology. Andreas Floer introduced the first version of Floer homology, now called symplectic Floer homology, in his proof of the Arnold conjecture in symplectic geometry. Floer also developed a closely related theory for Lagrangian submanifolds of a symplectic manifold. A third construction, also due to Floer, associates homology groups to closed three-dimensional manifolds using the Yang–Mills functional. These constructions and their descendants play a fundamental role in current investigations into the topology of symplectic and contact manifolds as well as (smooth) three- and four-dimensional manifolds.
Ciprian Manolescu is a Romanian-American mathematician, working in gauge theory, symplectic geometry, and low-dimensional topology. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Stanford University.
In mathematics, a smooth algebraic curve in the complex projective plane, of degree , has genus given by the genus–degree formula
Tian Gang is a Chinese mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at Peking University and Higgins Professor Emeritus at Princeton University. He is known for contributions to the mathematical fields of Kähler geometry, Gromov-Witten theory, and geometric analysis.
Clifford Henry Taubes is the William Petschek Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University and works in gauge field theory, differential geometry, and low-dimensional topology. His brother is the journalist Gary Taubes.
The Geometry Festival is an annual mathematics conference held in the United States.
Richard Paul Winsley Thomas is a British mathematician working in several areas of geometry. He is a professor at Imperial College London. He studies moduli problems in algebraic geometry, and ‘mirror symmetry’—a phenomenon in pure mathematics predicted by string theory in theoretical physics.
In algebraic geometry, the Virasoro conjecture states that a certain generating function encoding Gromov–Witten invariants of a smooth projective variety is fixed by an action of half of the Virasoro algebra. The Virasoro conjecture is named after theoretical physicist Miguel Ángel Virasoro. Tohru Eguchi, Kentaro Hori, and Chuan-Sheng Xiong proposed the Virasoro conjecture as a generalization of Witten's conjecture. Ezra Getzler gave a survey of the Virasoro conjecture.
Michael Lounsbery Hutchings is an American mathematician, a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is known for proving the double bubble conjecture on the shape of two-chambered soap bubbles, and for his work on circle-valued Morse theory and on embedded contact homology, which he defined.
Kenji Fukaya is a Japanese mathematician known for his work in symplectic geometry and Riemannian geometry. His many fundamental contributions to mathematics include the discovery of the Fukaya category. He is a permanent faculty member at the Simons Center for Geometry and Physics and a professor of mathematics at Stony Brook University.
In theoretical physics, Rajesh Gopakumar and Cumrun Vafa introduced in a series of papers new topological invariants, called Gopakumar–Vafa invariants, that represent the number of BPS states on a Calabi–Yau 3-fold. They lead to the following generating function for the Gromov–Witten invariants on a Calabi–Yau 3-fold M:
Bernd Siebert is a German mathematician who researches in algebraic geometry.
In algebraic geometry, the Chow group of a stack is a generalization of the Chow group of a variety or scheme to stacks. For a quotient stack , the Chow group of X is the same as the G-equivariant Chow group of Y.
Kaoru Ono is a Japanese mathematician, specializing in symplectic geometry. He is a professor at the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences (RIMS) at Kyoto University.
Yongbin Ruan is a Chinese mathematician, specializing in algebraic geometry, differential geometry, and symplectic geometry with applications to string theory.
Dietmar Arno Salamon is a German mathematician.
Denis Auroux is a French mathematician working in geometry and topology.
Penka Vasileva Georgieva is a mathematician whose research interests include enumerative geometry, symplectic topology, and Gromov–Witten invariants. Educated in Bulgaria and the US, she works in France as a professor at the Institut de mathématiques de Jussieu – Paris Rive Gauche, affiliated with Sorbonne University.
