Erythini

Last updated

Erythini or Erythinoi (Ancient Greek : Ἐρυθῖνοι), also Erythrini or Erythrinoi (Ἐρυθρῖνοι), was a coastal town in ancient Paphlagonia, mentioned by Homer in the Iliad as an ally of Troy during the Trojan War. [1] Strabo fixed the position of the town upon two rocks, called, from their colour, Ἐρυθρῖνοι, 90 stadia east of Amastris, and 60 stadia north of Cromna. [2] Arrian writes that the Amastris is 60 stadia from the Erythini. [3]

Its site is located near Çakraz, Asiatic Turkey. [4] [5]

Related Research Articles

Opus was an ancient Greek city that was the chief city of a tribe of Locri, who were called from this place the Opuntian Locrians, and the territory, the Opuntian Locris.

Zeleia was a town of the ancient Troad, at the foot of Mount Ida and on the banks of the river Aesepus, at a distance of 80 stadia from its mouth. It is mentioned by Homer in the Trojan Battle Order in the Iliad, and later when Homer calls it a holy town. Zeleia led a force of warriors to aid Troy during the Trojan War, led by Pandarus, son of Lycaon (the latter Lycaon not to be confused with Lycaon, son of Priam. It is later related that the people of Zeleia are "Lycians", though the Zeleians are distinct from the Lycians who come from Lycia in southwestern Asia Minor, led by Sarpedon and Glaucus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amasra</span> Small Black Sea port town in Turkey

Amasra is a small Black Sea port town in the Bartın Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Amasra District. Its population is 6,098 (2021).

Percote or Perkote was a town or city of ancient Mysia on the southern (Asian) side of the Hellespont, to the northeast of Troy. Percote is mentioned a few times in Greek mythology, where it plays a very minor role each time. It was said to be the home of a notable seer named Merops, also its ruler. Merops was the father of Arisbe, Cleite, and two sons named Amphius and Adrastus who fought during the Trojan War. As an ally of Troy, Percote sent a contingent to help King Priam during the Trojan War - though this contingent was led not by Merops's sons, but by Asius, son of Hyrtacus, according to Homer's Iliad, one native from Percote was wounded in the Trojan War by Antilochus, two natives from Percote were killed in the Trojan War by Diomedes and Ulysses. The Meropidae instead lead a contingent from nearby Adrastea. A nephew of Priam, named Melanippus, son of Hicetaon, herded cattle (oxen) at Percote, according to Homer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bartın River</span> River in Turkey

Bartın River, anciently known as Parthenius or Parthenios, is a small river in the east of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Its source is in the Ilgaz Mountains, in Kastamonu Province and Karabük Province. The river flows to the north, passes through Bartın, and empties into the Black Sea near Boğaz village in a delta.

Tium was an ancient settlement, also known as Filyos, on the south coast of the Black Sea at the mouth of the river Billaeus in present-day Turkey. Ancient writers variously assigned it to ancient Paphlagonia or Bithynia.

Orneae or Orneai was a town in ancient Argolis, mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad, which is said to have derived its name from Orneus, the son of Erechtheus. Orneae retained its ancient Cynurian inhabitants, when Argos was conquered by the Dorians. According to Pausanias, it continued independent of Argos for a long time; but it was finally conquered by the Argives, who removed the Orneatae to their own city. Thucydides mentions the Orneatae and Cleonaei as allies (σύμμαχοι) of the Argives in 418 BCE; and the same historian relates that Orneae was destroyed by the Argives in 416 BCE. It might therefore be inferred that the destruction of Orneae by the Argives in 416 BCE is the event referred to by Pausanias. But Herodotus states that Orneae had been conquered by Argos long before; that its inhabitants were reduced to the condition of Perioeci; and that all the Perioeci in the Argeia were called Orneatae from this place. But the Orneatae mentioned by Thucydides could not have been Perioeci, since they are called allies. "The Cynurians," says Herodotus, "have become Doricized by the Argives and by time, being Orneatae and Perioeci." These words would seem clearly to mean that, while the other Cynurians became Perioeci, the Orneatae continued independent, an interpretation which is in accordance with the account of Thucydides.

Thynias was a town of ancient Thrace on the coast of the Pontus Euxinus on a promontory of the same name, mentioned by numerous ancient authors. It was located north of Salmydessus, which was probably at one time in the territories of the Thyni, although Strabo speaks of the district as belonging to the people of Apollonia. According to Pliny the Elder, the town was placed a little to the south of the promontory.

Iton or Itonus or Itonos (Ἴτωνος) was a town of Phthiotis in ancient Thessaly, mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad and called by him "mother of flocks." The town was situated 60 stadia from Alus, upon the river Cuarius or Coralius, and above the Crocian plain.

Pteleum or Pteleon, also Pteleos (Πτελεός), was a town of ancient Thessaly, on the south-western side of Phthiotis, and near the entrance of the Sinus Pagasaeus. It stood between Antron and Halos, and was distant from the latter 110 stadia, according to Artemidorus. It is mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad as governed by Protesilaus, to whom the neighbouring town of Antron also belonged.

Scarphe or Scarpheia (Σκάρφεια) was a town of the Epicnemidian Locrians, mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. According to Strabo it was 10 stadia from the sea, 30 stadia from Thronium, and a little less from some other place of which the name is lost, probably Nicaea. Moreover, Scarphe was reported to be occupying the territory of Augeiae, which had disappeared by his time. It appears from Pausanias that it lay on the direct road from Elateia to Thermopylae by Thronium, and likewise from Livy, who states that Lucius Quinctius Flamininus marched from Elateia by Thronium and Scarpheia to Heraclea. It was also the site of the Battle of Scarpheia in 146 BCE. Scarpheia is said by Strabo to have been destroyed by an inundation of the sea (tsunami) caused by an earthquake in 426 BCE, but it must have been afterwards rebuilt, as it is mentioned by subsequent writers down to a late period, including Pliny the Elder, Ptolemy, Hierocles, Stephanus of Byzantium, and the Geographer of Ravenna. Scarpheia is also mentioned by Lycophron, Appian, and Pausanias.

Ephyra was town of ancient Elis, situated upon the river Selleeis, and the ancient capital of Augeias, whom Heracles conquered. Homer, in the Catalogue of Ships and elsewhere in the Iliad, mentions Ephyra and writers have debated which Ephyra is meant.

Thronium or Thronion was an ancient Greek town, the chief town of the Locrians, situated 20 stadia from the coast and 30 stadia from Scarpheia, upon the Boagrius River, which is described by Strabo as sometimes dry, and sometimes flowing with a stream two plethra in breadth. It is mentioned in the Catalogue of Ships of the Iliad, by Homer, who speaks of it as near the river Boagrius.

Athenae or Athenai was a city and port of ancient Pontus, with a Greek temple of Athena. According to Arrian, it was 180 stadia east of the river Adienus, and 280 stadia west of Apsarus. Procopius writes that the name of the village came from a certain woman named Athenaea in early times who ruled over the land and not because, as some believe, of colonists from Athens settled there. He also adds that the tomb of the woman was still there. Arrian speaks of the place as a deserted fort, but Procopius describes it as a populous place in his time. Konrad Mannert assumes it to be the same place as the Odeinius of the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax.

Cromna or Kromna was a town on the Paphlagonian coast, now in modern Turkey. It is mentioned by Homer in the Iliad. It was 60 stadia east of Erythini and 90 west of Cytorus. There are autonomous coins of Cromna.

Crenides or Krenides, or Cranides or Kranides (Κρανίδες), was a town on the Pontic coast of Bithynia, according to Arrian 60 stadia east of Sandaraca; according to Marcian only 20 stadia. It was between Heraclea and the mouth of the Billaeus.

Stephane was a small port town on the coast of ancient Paphlagonia, according to Arrian 180 stadia east of Cimolis, but according to Marcian of Heraclea only 150. The place was mentioned as early as the time of Hecataeus of Miletus as a town of the Mariandyni, under the name of Stephanis (Στεφανίς). The town is also mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax and by the geographer Ptolemy. The name is written Stefano in the Peutinger Table.

Thymena, also called Thymaena or Teuthrania (Τευθρανία), was a town on the Black Sea coast of ancient Paphlagonia, at a distance of 90 stadia from Aegialus.

Naustathmus or Naustathmos was a port-town on the Euxine, in the western part of ancient Pontus, on a salt lake connected with the sea, and 90 stadia to the east of the Halys River. The Tabula Peutingeriana calls it Nautagmus. The Anonymous Periplus places it only 40 stadia east of the mouth of the Halys.

Coralla or Koralla was a town of ancient Pontus on a cape of the same name. It is placed by Arrian, and the anonymous author of the Periplus, 100 stadia east of Philocaleia, and Philocaleia is 110 stadia east of Tripolis, a well-known position.

References

  1. Homer. Iliad . Vol. 2.855.
  2. Strabo. Geographica . Vol. xi. p.545. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon 's edition.
  3. Arrian, Periplus of the Euxine Sea, § 20
  4. Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World . Princeton University Press. p. 86, and directory notes accompanying. ISBN   978-0-691-03169-9.
  5. Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Erythini". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray.

41°46′46″N32°29′03″E / 41.779469°N 32.484075°E / 41.779469; 32.484075