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Esquilino | |
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Rione of Rome | |
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Position of the rione within the center of the city | |
Country | Italy |
Region | Lazio |
Province | Rome |
Comune | Rome |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Esquilino (Italian pronunciation: [eskwiˈliːno] ) is the 15th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XV, and is Located within the Municipio I. It is named after the Esquiline Hill, one of the Seven Hills of Rome.
Its coat of arms bears two figures: a tree and three green mountains, all on a silver background.
It is a very cosmopolitan neighbourhood, with large numbers of immigrants from Asia and North Africa.
Esquilino is part of the historic center of Rome, where urbanization developed in ancient times. Along with Palatina, Collina and Suburana, the area was one of the four regiones established by Servius Tullius: until Emperor Augustus adopted a new administrative subdivision of the city, the region included the whole area that is part of the modern rione Monti.
The territory of the modern rione Esquilino, however, has always been regarded as the frontier of the inner city. Initially at the edge of the Servian Wall, whose agger was located in the area, during the Imperial age the borough was inserted inside the Aurelian Walls, though remaining marginal in the city context: indeed, according to a probable etymology, the name comes from the Latin word esquiliae, meaning "suburb".
Up until Augustan age, the area beyond the agger of the republican walls was a huge landfill, while another portion housed a cemetery for slaves and indigent people. Following to the urban reform pursued by Emperor Augustus, the polluted and pestilent areas were interred and the embankment of the ancient walls became a footway. In the area was also created a park, the Gardens of Maecenas, a complex of magnificent gardens which housed a tall tower where, according to Suetonius, Emperor Nero watched Rome burning. Until the late Imperial age, the borough became a favorite location of residential villas, called Horti.
During the Middle Ages, the area came into possession of several orders and convents seated near Santa Maria Maggiore. Starting from the 17th century, a number of aristocratic villas were built in the territory of the rione, such as Villa Palombara, that used to house the famous Porta Alchemica which currently stands out in the garden of Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II.
A relevant part of the ancient remains has been dismantled after the residential development of the area, starting from 1870, with the construction of new buildings destined to the clerical middle class.
The rione is located in the eastern part of the center of Rome. It was established in 1921, detaching a portion of Monti.
Northward, Esquilino borders with Castro Pretorio (R. XVIII), the boundary being outlined by Via Gioberti, Via Giovanni Giolitti, Piazza dei Cinquecento, Viale Enrico De Nicola, Via Marsala and Piazzale Sisto V.
To the east, it borders with quartieri Tiburtino (Q. XII) (from which is separated by the portion of the Aurelian Walls beside Via di Porta Tiburtina, located between Piazzale Sisto V and Viale dello Scalo San Lorenzo) and Prenestino-Labicano (Q. VII), from which is separated by Piazzale Labicano (Porta Maggiore).
Southward, the rione borders with Quartiere Tuscolano (Q. VIII), whose boundary is marked by the portion of the Aurelian Walls between Piazzale Labicano and Piazzale Appio (Porta San Giovanni).
To the west, Esquilino borders with Monti (R. I): the boundary is marked by Piazza di Porta San Giovanni, Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano, Via Merulana and Piazza di Santa Maria Maggiore.
Trastevere is the 13th rione of Rome: it is identified by the initials R. XIII and it is located within Municipio I. Its name comes from Latin trans Tiberim, literally 'beyond the Tiber'.
Monti is the 1st rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. I, located in Municipio I. The name literally means "mountains" in Italian and comes from the fact that the Esquiline, the Viminal Hills, and parts of the Quirinal and the Caelian Hills belonged to this rione: currently, however, the Esquiline Hill belongs to the rione Esquilino.
Ripa is the 12th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XII, and it is located in the Municipio I.
Sallustiano is the 17th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XVII. It is located within the Municipio I and the name refers to the ancient Gardens of Sallust, which were located here.
Castro Pretorio is the 18th rione of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials R. XVIII, and it is located within the Municipio I. The rione takes its name by the ruins of the Castrum Praetorium, the barracks of the Praetorian Guard, included in the Aurelian Walls.
Celio is the 19th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XIX, and is located within the Municipio I.
Testaccio is the 20th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XX, deriving its name from Monte Testaccio. It is located within the Municipio I.
San Saba is the 21st rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. XXI. It is located within the Municipio I, and takes its name from the Basilica of San Saba, which is located there.
Campo Marzio is the 4th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. IV. It belongs to the Municipio I and covers a smaller section of the area of the ancient Campus Martius. The logo of this rione is a silver crescent on a blue background.
Ostiense is the 10th quartiere of Rome, identified by the initials Q. X.
Flaminio is the 1st quartiere of the Italian capital Rome. Identified by the initials Q. I, it belongs to the Municipio II and has 13,018 inhabitants and an area of 1.1877 km². The name is derived from the Via Flaminia.
Pinciano is the 3rd quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. III. The name derives from the Pincian Hill. It belongs to the Municipio II.
Salario is the 4th quarter of Rome (Italy), identified with the initials Q. IV.
Nomentano is the 5th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. V. The name derives from the ancient road Via Nomentana. It belongs to the Municipio II.
Tiburtino is the 6th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. VI. The name derives from the ancient road Via Tiburtina. It belongs to the Municipio II, Municipio IV and Municipio V.
Prenestino-Labicano is the 7th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. VII. The name derives from the ancient roads Via Prenestina and Via Labicana, today the initial stretch of Via Casilina. It belongs to the Municipio V and Municipio VII.
Tuscolano is the 8th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. VIII. The name derives from the ancient road Via Tuscolana. It belongs to the Municipio V and Municipio VII.
Appio-Latino is the 9th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. IX. The name derives from the ancient roads Via Appia and Via Latina. It belongs to the Municipio VII and Municipio VIII.
Gianicolense[dʒanikoˈlɛnse] is the 12th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. XII. It belongs to the Municipio XI and Municipio XII. It takes its name from the Janiculum hill, which lies in the nearby rione Trastevere and whose western extremities correspond to the area of Monteverde.
Aurelio is the 13th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. XIII. It belongs to the Municipio XIII and Municipio XIV.
Media related to Rione XV - Esquilino at Wikimedia Commons