Fiat JTD engine

Last updated
JTD/MultiJet engine
Overview
Manufacturer
Also calledFamily B engine: 4-cylinder Family C engine: 5-cylinder
Production1997–present
Layout
Cylinder block material Cast iron
Cylinder head material Aluminium alloy
Combustion
Fuel type Diesel
Oil system Wet sump
Cooling system Water-cooled

Multijet is Stellantis's term for its current common rail direct injection turbodiesel engine range. Most of the Fiat, Alfa Romeo, and Lancia range, as well as certain Chrysler, RAM Trucks, Jeep, and Maserati vehicles, are equipped with Multijet engines. Ownership of some Fiat Multijet designs is shared with General Motors as part of a settlement of the failed merger between the two auto conglomerates. The GM Powertrain Torino group in Turin, Italy, manages its interest in these engines. Some PSA Peugeot Citroën diesel engines are also rebadged JTD units, and vice versa.[ citation needed ] Fiat's common-rail diesel engine is also known as JTD, an initialism of Jet Turbo Diesel. [1]

Contents

Characteristics

The property that distinguishes the Multijet from previous generations of common-rail diesel engines from FCA is the combustion of the fuel, which is split into multiple injections, thus allowing for a more complete, quieter combustion in the cylinder. Compared to the first-generation JTD engines (Unijet system) which only featured a smaller pilot and a larger main injection, Multijet is capable of up to five injections per combustion cycle which enables better, more efficient cold running, better performance especially in the lower rev-range, quieter operation as well as even lower consumptions and emissions. The time between injections has been reduced to 150 microseconds while the minimal injection quantity has been reduced from two to less than one microlitre.

This enables even mid-sized sedans like the Alfa Romeo 156 and Lancia Lybra equipped with the 1.9L JTD to achieve fuel economy upwards of 45 mpg US (55 mpgimp or 5L/100 km) on country roads and highways while offering an equal amount of torque as the 3.0L 24V V6 engine.

A sophisticated electronic control unit controls the injection and changes the injection logic and number of injections based on a multitude of parameters, most importantly revolutions per minute of the engine, engine torque requested by the driver and the temperature of the coolant.

The injection pressure of the diesel fuel on the second-generation Multijet is limited to between 1,400 bar (20,000 psi) on the 1.3 Multijet and 1,600 bar (23,000 psi) on the 2.4 Multijet 20V.

Multijet II

In 2009, Fiat Powertrain introduced the third generation of this technology, called Multijet II. With its new and innovative injectors with hydraulically balanced solenoid valve and even higher injection pressure of 2,000 bar (29,000 psi) it is capable of even more precise controlling of the injected diesel fuel, injecting it in a quicker and more flexible manner. It enables up to eight consecutive injections per combustion cycle and implemented Injection Rate Shaping technology, which provides two very close pilot injections making the fuel delivery more continuous and modulated. [2] This results in an engine that is quiet and has a smoother operation, lower emissions, better fuel mileage and higher performance compared to the previous generation.

Automotive engines

1.0

1.0 L
Overview
Manufacturer General Motors
Also called
  • XSDE (Xtra Smart Diesel Engine)
  • Smartech Diesel
Production2011–2017
Layout
Configuration Inline-3
Displacement 936  cc (57.1  cu in)
Cylinder bore 69.615  mm (2.74  in)
Piston stroke 82.0 mm (3.23 in)
Valvetrain DOHC with roller finger followers
Compression ratio 16.8:1
Combustion
Fuel system Common rail
Output
Power output 57  bhp (43  kW; 58  PS)
Torque output 150  N⋅m (111  lb⋅ft)
Dimensions
Length553.3 mm (21.78 in)
Width547.3 mm (21.55 in)
Height700.5 mm (27.58 in)
Dry weight 130  kg (287  lb)

A 0.9 L (936 cc) 3-cylinder variant, (called XSDE, Xtra Smart Diesel Engine) or Smartech Diesel, was introduced in 2011. Co-developed by GM Powertrain Torino and the GM Technical Center India for the Indian market the engine is rated at 57 bhp (43 kW; 57 hp) of power and 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) of torque. [3]

Applications:

1.3 Multijet

1.3 L
Overview
Manufacturer Fiat Auto (2003-2005)
Fiat Powertrain Technologies (2005-2011)
Fiat Group Automobiles (2011-2014)
FCA Italy (2014-present)
General Motors
Maruti Suzuki
Tata Motors
Also called
Production2003–2024
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 1,248 cc (76.2 cu in)
Cylinder bore 69.6 mm (2.74 in)
Piston stroke 82.0 mm (3.23 in)
Valvetrain DOHC
Compression ratio 17.6:1
Dimensions
Dry weight 140 kg (310 lb)

A small 1.3 L (1,248 cc (76.2 cu in)) version (called the SDE, Small Diesel Engine) introduced in February 2003 [4] is produced in Bielsko-Biała, Poland, [5] in Ranjangaon, Pune, India, by Fiat India Automobiles and Tata Motors joint venture plant since 2008, [6] and by Maruti Suzuki in Gurgaon, Haryana, India since 2012. [7] [8] The Multijet 75  PS version was chosen in 2005 as the International Engine of the Year in the 1-litre to 1.4-litre category.

There are five versions of this engine: a 70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp), a 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) (used in the Fiat Punto, Panda, Palio, Albea, Idea, 500; Opel Corsa, Combo, Meriva; Suzuki Ritz, Swift; and Tata Indica Vista), a variable inlet geometry 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) (used in the Fiat Grande Punto, [9] Linea; Opel Corsa, Astra; Suzuki Ertiga, SX4; Tata Indigo Manza and Alfa Romeo MiTo), a 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp) from the Multijet II generation, [10] and a 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) available on the Lancia Ypsilon. At the time of the launch this was the smallest four-cylinder diesel engine available and had a fuel consumption of 3.3 L/100 km (86 mpg‑imp; 71 mpg‑US) in some applications. The engine is able to meet Euro IV pollution standards without the use of a diesel particulate filter. [10]

In January 2008, Tata Motors introduced the new Indica Vista model, which features new Quadrajet branded version of this engine. [11] The second generation Ford Ka uses 1.3 Multijet named as Duratorq TDCi. In GM nomenclature, it is called Small Diesel Engine (SDE).

During 2009, Fiat launched a new generation badged Multijet II, with a new injection management system (up to 8 injections per cycle, instead of 5) and able to meet Euro V pollution standards. [12] It is available with several power outputs, from 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp), with fixed geometry turbocharger, to 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp), with variable geometry turbocharger. [13]

As of 2013, more than 5 million 1.3 MultiJet engines were produced. [14] In January 2020, the production of the 1.3 Multijet ended in India in both Maruti Suzuki plant and Fiat-Tata JV as the BS6 emission regulations come into effect in the country from 1 April 2020. [15] Fiat-Tata built a total of 800,048 engines over 12 years. [16]

Applications:

FCA

General Motors

PSA

Suzuki

Tata Motors

Others

1.5 Multijet

1.6 Multijet

1.6 L
Overview
Also calledMultijet (Fiat)
D16A DDiS (Suzuki)
Production2006–present
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 1,598 cc (97.5 cu in)
Cylinder bore 79.5 mm (3.13 in)
Piston stroke 80.5 mm (3.17 in)

In 2006, Fiat Powertrain announced a downsized version of the 1.9 16V Multijet, a new 1.6L 16V Multijet (1,598 cc) with two power levels of 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) and 120 PS (88 kW; 120 hp) to replace the still-used 1.9L 8-valve engine. The new 1.6 Multijet diesel with 105 PS was released in December 2007, the 120 PS version arrived later in 2008. [17]

Applications:

FCA

General Motors

Suzuki

1.9

1.9 L
Alfa Romeo JTDm 159.jpg
JTDm engine cover of Alfa Romeo 159
Overview
Manufacturer Fiat/GM
Also called
Production1997–present
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 1,910 cc (117 cu in)
Cylinder bore 82 mm (3.2 in)
Piston stroke 90.4 mm (3.56 in)
Compression ratio 18.5
Combustion
Turbocharger Some versions
Dimensions
Dry weight 125 kg (276 lb) (Single turbo)

The most common JTD engine is the 1.9 L straight-4 found on various brands and models. The first car that used this engine was Alfa Romeo 156 in 1997 (105 PS, 77 kW, 104 hp), making it the world's first common-rail diesel passenger car. In 1999, it was introduced on the Fiat Punto JTD with a smaller, fixed-geometry turbocharger and 80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp), as well as in the Fiat Brava, Bravo and Marea range. There were also 85 PS (63 kW; 84 hp), 101 PS (74 kW; 100 hp), 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp), 110 PS (81 kW; 110 hp), and 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) versions available. The engine block weighs approximately 125 kg (276 lb), the cylinder head features an overhead camshaft with directly actuated valves.

The Multijet second generation features an advanced common-rail system and is available with seven different power outputs. The 8-valve version has 101 PS (74 kW; 100 hp), 120 PS (88 kW; 120 hp), or 130 PS (96 kW; 130 hp) and the 16-valve version has 134 PS (99 kW; 132 hp), 138 PS (101 kW; 136 hp), 150 PS (110 kW; 150 hp), or 170 PS (130 kW; 170 hp). Except for the 101 PS Multijet, all engines feature a variable-geometry turbocharger.

Opel also uses a version of this engine. Their CDTI engine, manufactured in Pratola Serra, Italy and Kaiserslautern, Germany, is the product of the half-decade joint venture between GM and Fiat. It is used in the Vectra, Signum, Astra, Zafira, Cadillac BLS and Suzuki SX4 as well as some Saabs marked as TiD and TTiD (twinturbo version).

Applications

FCA

General Motors

Suzuki

Others

SAIC Motor

Twin Turbo

Engine cover of Lancia Delta's 1.9 TT Multijet. 1.9 TT Multijet.jpg
Engine cover of Lancia Delta's 1.9 TT Multijet.

Fiat Powertrain Technologies released information about new two stage turbo (twin turbo) version of this engine in summer 2007, engine is available with two power levels, first one is producing 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp) and second one 190 PS (140 kW; 190 hp), both have a maximum torque output of 400 N⋅m (300 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm. 180 PS version production started summer 2007. The engine weighs approximately 185 kg (408 lb). This engine will be sold both to Fiat Group Automobiles and other brands, but the 190 PS (140 kW; 190 hp) version is reserved only to Fiat Group Automobiles. [19]

Applications:

2.0 Multijet II

2.0 L
Alfa Romeo JTDm-2 giulietta.jpg
JTDm 2 engine cover of Alfa Romeo Giulietta
Overview
Manufacturer
Also called
  • CDTI (Opel)
  • TiD4 or TTiD4 (Saab)
  • GM Family B Ecotec Diesel engine (GM)
  • Multijet (Fiat)
  • Kryotec (Tata)
Production2008–present
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 1,956 cc (119.4 cu in)
Cylinder bore 83 mm (3.3 in)
Piston stroke 90.4 mm (3.56 in)
Cylinder block material Cast iron
Cylinder head material Aluminum
Valvetrain Dual overhead camshafts
Compression ratio 16.5
Combustion
Fuel system Direct injection
Fuel type
Oil system Wet sump
Cooling system Water-cooled
Output
Power output 110–192 hp (82–143 kW)
Torque output 192–280 lb⋅ft (260–380 N⋅m)
Dimensions
Dry weight 174–182 kg (384–401 lb)

A new 2 litre (1,956 cc, 83 mm bore, 90.4 mm stroke) Multijet diesel was introduced in third generation Lancia Delta in summer 2008. At its first version this engine produces 165 PS (121 kW; 163 hp). For 2009 the engine was fitted to Alfa Romeo 159 as 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) variant. Fiat Sedici, Suzuki SX4 and the new Fiat Doblò generation use a 135 PS (99 kW; 133 hp) variant of this engine.

GM Powertrain separately developed their diesel engines based on 1.9 JTD, after end of the GM and Fiat partnership, [20] and first was the 160 PS (120 kW; 160 hp) version for Astra and Insignia, which was later upgraded to 165 PS for Astra (163 PS in restyled version of Insignia), and less powerful version for Insignia with 110 PS and 130 PS. In 2011 GM Powertrain Europe developed a new derivative - the twin-turbocharger BiTurbo version, with 195 PS (143 kW; 192 hp), which is used in the Insignia and starting with 2013 in the Astra J. Internally the new engine is referred to as GM Ecotec Family B engine. The same engine was also available in the 2011 Saab 9–5 with 160 PS and 190 PS twin-turbo. In 2013 Opel introduced cleaner and more fuel efficient versions of the 2.0 CDTI engine and the ecoFLEX version, with 99 g/km of CO2 and 120 PS (140 PS for Insignia). [21]

Applications:

FCA

General Motors

SAIC Motor

Suzuki

Tata Motors

2.2 Multijet II

2.2 L
Overview
Manufacturer Fiat (Pratola Serra plant)
Also called
Production2015-current
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 2,184 cc (133.3 cu in)
Cylinder bore 83.8 mm (3.30 in)
Piston stroke 99 mm (3.9 in)
Cylinder block material Cast iron (die-cast Aluminium for Alfa Romeo)
Cylinder head material Aluminum
Valvetrain Dual overhead camshafts
Compression ratio 15.5:1
Combustion
Turbocharger Variable-geometry integrated in the exhaust manifold
Fuel system Common Rail
Management Multijet II (Magneti Marelli)
Output
Power output 185–210 PS (136–154 kW; 182–207 hp)
Torque output 440–470 N⋅m (320–350 lb⋅ft)
Dimensions
Dry weight 158 kg (348 lb) [22]

The 2.2 Multijet II (2,184 cc) was introduced by Fiat Chrysler in mid-2015. [23] These engines produce 185 PS (136 kW; 182 hp) and 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) with 440 N⋅m (320 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2500 RPM in the Jeep Cherokee. It was developed to offer more torque in the low-rev range compared to the 2.0L Multijet. [24] This engine further improves the existing 2.0 Multijet in various areas, such as a higher injection pressure (2,000 Bar instead of 1,600 Bar) with Injector Rate Shaping, an oil pump with variable displacement and counterbalance-shafts to reduce noises and vibrations. [25] This engine meets Euro 6 emission norms without the use of diesel exhaust fluid injection.

A 2.2 Multijet III (2,184 cc) was introduced by Stellantis on the Fiat Ducato in 2021 with 4 power outputs: 120, 140, 160, & 180 hp. It meets Euro 6d emissions standards.

A further development of this engine with a 2,143 cc displacement, and a die-cast Aluminium block, is used in the Alfa Romeo Giulia (952), [26] Alfa Romeo Stelvio, and Jeep Wrangler (JL).

Applications:

2.4

2.4 L
Alfa0038 JTD.jpg
Engine cover of an Alfa Romeo 166 2.4 JTD
Overview
Manufacturer Fiat
Also called
Layout
Configuration Inline-5
Displacement 2,387 cc (145.7 cu in)
Cylinder bore 82 mm (3.2 in)
Piston stroke 90.4 mm (3.56 in)
Cylinder block material Cast iron
Valvetrain OHC/DOHC
Compression ratio 18,5
Combustion
Fuel system Direct injection
Management Bosch EDC15 Diesel Injection

The 2.4 L (2,387 cc) straight-5 version is based on the 2.4 124 PS (91 kW; 122 hp) 5 cylinder TD engine as used in the Mk1 Fiat Marea and the Mk1 Lancia Kappa. The JTD version benefits from the solid build of the TD block, and an improved head/injection system. There are 2 versions of the 2.4 JTD, the 10-valve as used in the Fiat Marea 130 JTD and the earlier Alfa Romeo 156/Alfa Romeo 166/Lancia Lybra diesels where it was available as 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp), 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp), 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) and later a Multijet 20-valve version 175 PS (129 kW; 173 hp) as used in the later (2003>) Alfa Romeo 156 as well as some Lancia vehicles.

It was designed for transverse front-wheel drive use and was deemed too long and tall for widespread use in other GM Ecotec or Fiat products. A newer Multijet variant of this engine, capable for 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), is used in the Alfa Romeo 159, Alfa Romeo Brera and Fiat Croma. The latest version of this engine produces 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp) and 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) at 1500 rpm, and is used in Alfa Romeo vehicles. [27]

Applications:

3.0 V6 Multijet II

See VM Motori A 630.

Heavy-duty engines

2.3

2.3 L
Overview
Also called
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 2,287 cc (139.6 cu in)

The 2.3 Multijet (2,287 cc) was developed by Iveco for heavy-duty applications and is available in three versions 120 MultiJet (Sofim F1AE0481D), 130 MultiJet (Sofim F1AE0481N or F1AE6481D) and 150 MultiJet (Sofim F1AE3481E), these engines produce 120 PS (88 kW; 118 hp), 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp) and 148 PS (109 kW; 146 hp) respectively.

Applications:

2.8

2.8 L
Overview
Manufacturer Iveco
Also called
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 2,800 cc (170 cu in)

The 2.8 JTD (2,800 cc) made by Iveco (SOFIM) was used in second generation Fiat Ducato, it produces 127 PS (93 kW; 125 hp) or 146 PS (107 kW; 144 hp).

Applications:

3.0

3.0 L
Overview
Manufacturer Iveco
Also called
Layout
Configuration Inline-4
Displacement 2,998 cc (182.9 cu in)

The 160 MultiJet Power, introduced in 2007, saw displacement increased to 3.0 L (2,998 cc). This engine produces 157 PS (115 kW; 155 hp) or 177 PS (130 kW; 175 hp) in Fiat-badged models. In Iveco Massif this engine is also available as 176 PS (129 kW; 174 hp) version.

Applications:

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ autobild.de: JTD - Lexikon - autobild.de, accessdate: 19. June 2019
  2. ↑ "Diesel Injection Rate Shaping" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  3. ↑ Raja, Shrawan (Jul 23, 2011). "Chevrolet Beat XSDE SMARTECH engine". Indian Autos Blog. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  4. ↑ "Third generation FIRE engine: the 1.3 Multijet 16v". Italiaspeed.com. 7 February 2003. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ↑ "Fiat, Suzuki ink pact for Multijet - News". Autocar India. 2012-01-19. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2012-05-18.
  7. ↑ Raj, Shally Seth Mohile,Amrit (2014-07-17). "Maruti Suzuki extends deal with Fiat for sourcing diesel engines". Livemint. Retrieved 2020-07-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ Khan, Faisal (2012-01-25). "Maruti Suzuki To Setup Diesel Engine Plant In Gurgaon". MotorBeam. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  9. ↑ "Fiat Grande Punto: A very comprehensive array of sophisticated engines and gearboxes". Italiaspeed.com. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Fiat Punto Evo: Technological innovation". Fiat Group Automobiles Press. 29 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  11. ↑ "Tata Motors launches new vehicle models at the New Delhi Auto Expo" (Press release). Tata Motors. January 9, 2008. Archived from the original on February 27, 2012. Retrieved 2008-01-10.
  12. ↑ "The new 1.3 Multijet II 95 HP (Euro5) engine is making its first appearance on the Fiat 500 and 500C". Fiat Group Automobiles Press. 25 November 2009. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  13. ↑ "Four millionth 1.3 MultiJet 16V diesel engine is built at Fiat powertrain's Poland factory". Italiaspeed.com. 2011-02-09. Retrieved 2012-04-01.
  14. ↑ "5 million 1.3 MultiJet engines produced". Fiatpress.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
  15. ↑ "Fiat 1.3L Multijet 'National Engine' production ends in India". www.autodevot.com. 24 January 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  16. ↑ "End of an era: 1.3L MultiJet diesel engine production stopped at FCA-Tata Motors plant". indianautosblog.com. 25 January 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
  17. ↑ "The new Fiat Bravo has already hit its full year sales targets". italiaspeed.com. 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
  18. ↑ Kim, Chang-Ran (June 27, 2011). "Suzuki to use Fiat engines for new car from 2013". reuters.com. Retrieved 2011-06-27.
  19. ↑ "New engine 1.9 JTD twin stage turbo" (PDF). fptpowertrain.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-06-08.
  20. ↑ "Vehicles Engines Introduction". General Motors Company. 2011. Archived from the original on March 25, 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-05.
  21. ↑ "The New Opel Insignia – The Engine and Infotainment Revolution" . Retrieved 2013-06-12.
  22. ↑ Gibbs, Nick (September 2016). "A lightweight steel structure and Ferrari-inspired V6 engine should help Alfa Romeo's D-segment sedan to compete in a congested market". Automotive Engineer. Vol. 41, no. 7. pp. 10–11. ISSN   0307-6490 – via EBSCOhost.
  23. ↑ YouTube: (1) NEW JEEP CHEROKEE 2.2 MULTIJET 2015 - PREMIÈRE AND FIRST TEST DRIVE - YouTube, accessdate: 19. June 2019
  24. ↑ ABMnews (16 June 2015). "Paolo Pallotti Engine Engineering Technical Director at Fiat Powertrain Technologies". Archived from the original on 2021-12-13. Retrieved 16 November 2018– via YouTube.
  25. ↑ "Jeep Cherokee, debutta il nuovo diesel FCA 2.2 da 185 e 200 CV - Il Fatto Quotidiano". 22 June 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  26. ↑ "YouTube". www.youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2016-08-28. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  27. ↑ "Alfa Romeo at the 77th Geneva International Motor Show 2007". alfaromeopress.com. 2012-04-06. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-04-06.

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The Alfa Romeo Giulietta is a hatchback manufactured and marketed by Alfa Romeo, as a 5-door subcompact executive car. Production started near the end of 2009 and the model was introduced at the March 2010 Geneva Motor Show. The Giulietta placed second in the 2011 European Car of the Year awards. Between 2010 and 2019, production reached over 400,000. In 2020, Alfa Romeo announced that they were going to axe the Giulietta and production ended on 22 December 2020 spanning 10 years of sales from a period of 2010 to 2020. In total 469,067 examples were produced until 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfa Romeo V6 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Alfa Romeo V6 engine is a 60° V6 engine made by Alfa Romeo from 1979 to 2005. It was developed in the early 1970s by Giuseppe Busso, and first used on the Alfa 6 with a displacement of 2.5 L (2,492 cc) and a SOHC 12-valve cylinder head. Later versions ranged from 1,996 to 3,179 cc and had DOHC 24-valve valvetrains. The original design had short pushrods for the exhaust valves in a design similar to earlier Lancia Fulvia engines. The first DOHC version was in the 1993 Alfa Romeo 164, with an aluminium alloy engine block and head with sodium filled exhaust valves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiat Linea</span> Compact car manufactured by Fiat

The Fiat Linea is a compact sedan produced by Fiat between 2007 and 2018. The sedan was released on 26 March 2007 at the Tofaş plant in Bursa, Turkey as a "world car" in developing countries. It is based on the Fiat Grande Punto. The Linea was designed by Fiat Style Centre and co-developed by Tofaş and Fiat do Brasil. Production in Turkey ended in 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfa Romeo MiTo</span> Italian supermini hatchback

The Alfa Romeo MiTo is a front-wheel drive, three-door supermini designed by Centro Stile Alfa Romeo and presented in 2008 at Castello Sforzesco in Milan with an international introduction at the British Motor Show in 2008. The MiTo was marketed across a single generation from 2008 to 2018, sharing the Fiat Small platform with the Fiat Grande Punto. Production reached 293,428 at FCA's Mirafiori plant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FCA India Automobiles</span> Indian automotive company

FCA India Automobiles Private Limited (FCAIPL), formerly known as "Fiat Group Automobiles India Private Limited", was formed in 1997. The company was established for the production of cars and engines under the brand Fiat, Abarth, and Jeep. It is the ninth largest Indian car manufacturer by sales in India.

Sofim is a joint diesel engine enterprise established between Fiat, Saviem (Renault) and Alfa Romeo on 13 September 1974 and was bought by Iveco in 1981. The manufacturing plant is located in Foggia in southern Italy and is nowadays Fiat Powertrain Technologies largest engine plant covering an area of approximately 540,000 square metres (5,800,000 sq ft).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiat Pratola Serra modular engines</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

The Fiat Pratola Serra modular engines are a family of engines produced by the Fiat Group since 1994 and used in Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia and Jeep vehicles. They are named after the Pratola Serra municipality in which they're being produced.

References

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