In 1841,Thomas was elected Governor of Maryland,defeating challenger William Cost Johnson by a margin of 600 votes. During his tenure as governor,he is perhaps best known for his highly publicized and violent divorce with his wife,Sally Campbell Preston McDowell. McDowell had left the marriage over claims of "violent jealous rages [that] made her fear for her life" and that prompted her father,Virginia Governor James McDowell,to seek out a bill of divorce from the Virginia General Assembly.[1][2] Until that event,he had been a leading candidate for Democratic nomination for President of the United States,but the divorce seriously disrupted his chances in succeeding in the nomination,and thus he did not pursue it.
As governor,Thomas inherited a major state deficit that he would not resolve in his tenure. He proposed a direct tax upon the people,which was widely unpopular,and did not raise adequate funds to allow repudiation of the debt. He was also a staunch opponent of slavery,a unique position in a border-state like Maryland,decrying it as "altogether unworthy of enlightened statesmen,and should be by all patriots repudiated". He served as governor from 1842 until 1845,narrowly beating William Cost Johnson,[3] who he succeeded as Maryland's 6th district congressman,in 1841 for a three-year term. Thomas was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1844.
Return to Congress
After his term as governor,Thomas served as a member of the Maryland State Constitutional convention in 1850. He was again elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist,as an Unconditional Unionist to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses,and as a Republican to the Fortieth Congress,serving from March 4,1861 until March 3,1869. When he left the House in 1869,he had served a total nine terms over almost four decades.
Thomas served as collector of internal revenue for Maryland from 1870 until 1872.
Minister to Peru
Thomas was appointed by President Grant to serve as the United States Minister to Peru,and help this position from March 25,1872 to July 9,1875.
Retirement and death
After leaving the ministership to Peru he retired from public and professional life and devoted his time to agricultural pursuits.
On January 22,1876,while overseeing improvements on his estate near Frankville,Maryland,a community that once existed along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in Garrett County,Thomas was killed instantly when he was struck by a locomotive.[4] He is interred in a vault in Rose Hill Cemetery of Cumberland,Maryland.
White, Frank F. Jr.; Heinrich Ewald Buchholz (1970). The Governors of Maryland 1777–1970. Annapolis: The Hall of Records Commission. pp.123–126. OCLC144620.
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