Francisco Castillo Fajardo, Marquis of Villadarias

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Francisco Castillo Fajardo, 2nd Marquis of Villadarias Francisco del Castillo Fajardo, II. Marques de Villadarias.jpg
Francisco Castillo Fajardo, 2nd Marquis of Villadarias
Coat of arms of Charles II of Spain (left) and the Marquis of Villadarias (right) over a gate in the Royal Walls of Ceuta. It is dated in 1699, when Francisco Castillo Fajardo was the Governor of Ceuta. Escudos de armas de Carlos II y del marques de Villadarias en Ceuta.jpg
Coat of arms of Charles II of Spain (left) and the Marquis of Villadarias (right) over a gate in the Royal Walls of Ceuta. It is dated in 1699, when Francisco Castillo Fajardo was the Governor of Ceuta.

Francisco Castillo Fajardo, 2nd Marquis of Villadarias (es: Francisco Castillo Fajardo, segundo marqués de Villadarias) (Málaga, 17 December 1642 – 1716), was a Spanish general.

Spanish language Romance language

Spanish or Castilian is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in the Americas and Spain. It is a global language and the world's second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese.

Málaga Municipality in Andalusia, Spain

Málaga is a municipality, capital of the Province of Málaga, in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. With a population of 571,026 in 2018, it is the second-most populous city of Andalusia and the sixth-largest in Spain. The southernmost large city in Europe, it lies on the Costa del Sol of the Mediterranean, about 100 kilometres east of the Strait of Gibraltar and about 130 km (80.78 mi) north of Africa.

Service record

Fajardo was the only son of Maria Muñoz y Ruiz and Antonio Arias Castillo Fajardo Maldonado, who was given the title of Marquis of Villadarias as a posthumous award for his other son, who was killed in Flanders in 1690. As it was Fajardo who was the first person to officially use the title when he inherited the honour in 1699. [1]

In 1693 he defended Charleroi unsuccessfully against the French, becoming Capitán General de Guipúzcoa in 1696. In 1698 he defended Oran successfully against the Ottomans. In the same year he became the governor of the small Spanish territory of Ceuta on the north African coast. In 1702 he had to travel across the Straits of Gibraltar to become the captain-general of the southern tip of Iberia known as Andalucia. [1]

Charleroi Municipality in French Community, Belgium

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Gipuzkoa Province of Spain

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Oran City in Oran Province, Algeria

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In 1702, during the War of the Spanish Succession, he defended Cadiz successfully against a British-Dutch fleet under the command of George Rooke in what was called the Battle of Cadiz. [1] From June to July 1704 he invaded Portugal and conquered Castelo de Vide and Marvão.

War of the Spanish Succession major European conflict (1700–1714) after the death of Charles II

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700. His closest heirs were members of the Austrian Habsburg and French Bourbon families; acquisition of an undivided Spanish Empire by either threatened the European balance of power.

George Rooke Royal Navy admiral

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Battle of Cádiz (1702) siege

The Battle of Cádiz, fought in August/September 1702, was an Anglo-Dutch attempt to seize the southern Spanish port of Cádiz during the War of the Spanish Succession. The Andalusian city of Cádiz was the great European centre of the Spanish–American trade. The port's capture would not only help to sever Spain's links with her empire in the Americas, but it would also provide the Allies with a strategically important base from which the Anglo-Dutch fleets could control the western Mediterranean Sea.

During 1704–1705 he tried to recapture Gibraltar from the British-Dutch in the Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar, until he was replaced on 8 February 1705 by the French Marshal de Tessé, who gave up the siege and retired.

Gibraltar British Overseas Territory

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Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar

The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar was fought between September 1704 and May 1705 during the War of the Spanish Succession. It followed the capture in August 1704 of the fortified town of Gibraltar, at the southern tip of Spain, by an Anglo–Dutch naval force led by Sir George Rooke and Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt. The members of the Grand Alliance, Holy Roman Empire, England, the Netherlands, Pro-Habsburg Spain, Portugal and the Savoy, had allied to prevent the unification of the French and Spanish thrones by supporting the claim of the Habsburg pretender Archduke Charles VI of Austria as Charles III of Spain. They were opposed by the rival claimant, the Bourbon Philip, Duke of Anjou, ruling as Philip V of Spain, and his patron and ally, Louis XIV of France. The war began in northern Europe and was largely contained there until 1703, when Portugal joined the confederate powers. From then, English naval attentions were focused on mounting a campaign in the Mediterranean to distract the French navy and disrupt French and Bourbon Spanish shipping or capture a port for use as a naval base. The capture of Gibraltar was the outcome of that initial stage of the Mediterranean campaign.

René de Froulay de Tessé Marshal of France

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In 1710 he was commander of the Bourbon army in Catalonia, where he lost the Battle of Almenar. After this battle he was replaced by the Marquis de Bay. In 1713 he became captain-general of Valencia. [1]

Catalonia Autonomous area of northeastern Spain

Catalonia is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern corner of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy. Catalonia consists of four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second-most populated municipality in Spain and the core of the sixth most populous urban area in the European Union. It comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia. It is bordered by France (Occitanie) and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish autonomous communities of Aragon to the west and Valencia to the south. The official languages are Catalan, Spanish, and the Aranese dialect of Occitan.

Battle of Almenar battle 27 jul 1710

The Battle of Almenar also referred to as Almenara was a battle in the Iberian theatre of the War of the Spanish Succession.

Alexandre Maître, Marquis de Bay was a French military officer in the service of Spain during the War of the Spanish Succession.

He died in 1716 in Madrid.

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