Frederik Gottschalk von Haxthausen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Finance of Norway | |
| In office 1814 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 14 July 1750 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | 6 July 1825 (aged 74) |
| Spouse(s) | Catharina von Oldenburg [1] |
| Military service | |
| Commands | Akershus fortress |
| Battles/wars | Swedish campaign against Norway (1814) |
Frederik Gottschalk von Haxthausen (14 July 1750 – 6 July 1825) was a Danish-Norwegian army officer, councillor of state, cabinet member and the country's first minister of finance.
Haxthausen was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, came to Norway in 1773 as a first lieutenant of Søndenfjeldske regiment, and rose to the rank of captain and company commander in 1779 and major in 1788. In 1789 he was appointed generalkrigskommissær, the officer in charge of national conscription, and in 1802 became the director of the War Academy (Krigsskolen). In 1806 he became the commanding officer of Akershus fortress, a charge he held until 1814. He spent the years 1808–1810 in Denmark as head of the war commissariate, but retained nonetheless all of his Norwegian posts. Haxthausen had a major influence on Prince Christian Frederick as viceroy (stattholder) of Norway from 1813, joined the interim government of Christian Frederick in March 1814, and on 19 May 1814 he became Minister of Finance in the first cabinet of independent Norway.
During the Swedish campaign against Norway in 1814 he served as a lieutenant general, but was wrongly accused of being a traitor, and on 19 August, 5 days after the Convention of Moss, his house and garden was attacked by a mob. Haxthausen had to flee the town and withdrew from all his positions. In 1816 an impeachment process cleared him.
After 1814, the Akershus fortress went out of operative military use, so that Haxthausen was the last operative commander of the fortress. He died in Christiania.
In 1879, a street of Oslo in the Frogner area close to his home was named after Haxthausen.
Sweden and Norway or Sweden–Norway, officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, and known as the United Kingdoms, was a personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under a common monarch and common foreign policy that lasted from 1814 until its peaceful dissolution in 1905.
Akershus Fortress or Akershus Castle is a medieval castle in the Norwegian capital Oslo that was built to protect and provide a royal residence for the city. Since the Middle Ages the fortress has been the namesake and centre of the main fief and later main county of Akershus, which was originally one of Norway's four main regions and which included most of Eastern Norway. The fortress itself was located within the Akershus main county until 1919, and also within the smaller Akershus sub county until 1842.
The Swedish–Norwegian War, also known as the Campaign against Norway, War with Sweden 1814, or the Norwegian War of Independence, was a war fought between Sweden and Norway in the summer of 1814. The war resulted in a compromise, with Norway being forced into the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, a union with Sweden under the Swedish king Charles XIII, but with Norway having its own constitution and parliament.
Frederik Gottschalck Haxthausen Due was a Norwegian military officer and statesman. Born in Trondheim, he entered the military at an early age, and took part in the Swedish-Norwegian War of 1814. After the two countries entered into union, Due was recruited to the Swedish court, where he was appointed Norwegian state secretary in Stockholm in 1823. In 1841 he became the Norwegian prime minister, and acted as interpreter for Charles XIV John. After resigning in 1858, he spent the years until 1871 as an ambassador to Vienna and Munich.
Valentin Christian Wilhelm Sibbern was a Norwegian government minister and representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly.
Anthony Coucheron was an engineering officer. Coucheron played an important role in the history of Norwegian and Danish fortifications. As Sweden grew to be a great power in the 17th century, there were frequent wars in the Baltic region, and conflict was common along the borders between Sweden & Denmark-Norway. Easy invasions routes from Sweden were fortified on the Danish-Norwegian border with new or upgraded fortresses during this period, effectively establishing the modern borders between Norway & Sweden. Anthony Coucheron played a major role in fortification of the border, both in Norway and Denmark in addition, he participated with honor in combat during the Gyldenløve War.
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Carl von und zu Mansbach was a Hessian-Norwegian military officer and diplomat. He led the Norwegian Military Academy from 1822 to 1828, and later commanded Bergenhus Fortress and Fredriksten Fortress, reaching the rank of lieutenant general. His later career was spent as a Swedish-Norwegian diplomat.
The Dano–Swedish War of 1808–1809 was a war between Denmark–Norway and Sweden due to Denmark–Norway's alliance with France and Sweden's alliance with the United Kingdom during the Napoleonic Wars. Neither Sweden nor Denmark-Norway had wanted war to begin with but once pushed into it through their respective alliances, Sweden made a bid to acquire Norway by way of invasion while Denmark-Norway made ill-fated attempts to reconquer territories lost to Sweden in the 17th century. Peace was concluded on grounds of status quo ante bellum on 10 December 1809.
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