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The name army ant (or legionary ant or marabunta) is applied to over 200 ant species in different lineages. Due to their aggressive predatory foraging groups, known as "raids", a huge number of ants forage simultaneously over a limited area.
Harpagoxenus is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Found in the Palaearctic and Nearctic ecozones of the world, Harpagoxenus was first established as Tomognathus by Mayr (1861) to house the species Myrmica sublaevis. However, the name had already been used (homonym) for a genus of fish, and was replaced with its current name by Forel (1893).
Myopias is a genus of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae. The genus is known from the Oriental, Indo-Australian, and Australasian regions.
Leptanilla japonica is an uncommon highly migratory, subterranean ant found in Japan. They are tiny insects, with workers measuring about 1.2 mm and queens reaching to about 1.8 mm, and live in very small colonies of only a few hundred individuals at a time Its sexual development follows a seasonal cycle that affects the colony's migration and feeding habits, and vice versa. L. japonica exhibits specialized predation, with prey consisting mainly of geophilomorph centipedes, a less reliable food source that also contributes to their high rate of nest migration. Like ants of genera Amblyopone and Proceratium, the genus Leptanilla engages in larval hemolymph feeding (LHF), with the queen using no other form of sustenance. LHF is an advantageous alternative to the more costly cannibalism. Unlike any other ant, however, members of Leptanilla, including L. japonica, have evolved a specialized organ dubbed the “larval hemolymph tap” that reduces the damage LHF inflicts on the larvae. LHF has become this species' main form of nutrition.
Ficus subpisocarpa is a species of small deciduous tree native to Japan, China, Taiwan and southeast Asia to the Moluccas (Ceram). Two subspecies are recognised. Terrestrial or hemiepiphytic, it reaches a height of 7 m (23 ft). Ants predominantly of the genus Crematogaster have been recorded living in stem cavities. Ficus subpisocarpa is pollinated by Platyscapa ishiiana (Agaonidae).
Froggattella is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus contains two species found in Australia. Froggattella kirbii is fairly common, while Froggattella latispina is known only from two locations in South Australia.
Yavnella is a genus of ants in the subfamily Leptanillinae. Its two species are distributed in India and Israel. The genus is known only from male specimens.
Anomalomyrma is an Asian genus of ants in the subfamily Leptanillinae. The genus was originally described in 1990 with the type species Anomalomyrma taylori, based on a single dealate queen from Borneo. Workers were unknown until 2011, when two new species were described from Peninsular Malaysia and the Philippines.
Phaulomyrma is a genus of ants in the subfamily Leptanillinae containing a single species, Phaulomyrma javana.
Protanilla is a genus of subterranean ants in the subfamily Leptanillinae. Known from the Indomalayan realm, the genus contains about twelve species. The genus was erected by Taylor (1990) for the type species P. rafflesi, described from workers from Peninsular Malaysia. Species in this genus have long and downcurved mandibles with peg-like tooth on the inner margins. Four species are known from China, one from Taiwan, one from Sri Lanka and a couple from India.
Blepharidatta is a rare Neotropical genus of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus, formed by predatory species whose small colonies nest in soil or leaf-litter, has up to seven species, but most of them are waiting for a formal taxonomic treatment or confirmation.
Gaoligongidris is an Asian genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It contains the single species Gaoligongidris planodorsa, collected in the Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan Province, China. The genus is known only from workers and nests in the soil, and forages on the ground. While similar to the genus Lophomyrmex of the tribe Attini, Gaoligongidris is most closely related to the Indo-Australian Lasiomyrma, tribe Crematogastrini.
Perissomyrmex is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is known from the Neotropical and Oriental realms.
Prenolepis is a genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae. Most species are found in southeastern Asia and southern China, but the genus has a wide distribution with species known from North America, southern Europe, Anatolia, Cuba, Haiti, and West Africa.
Proiridomyrmex is an extinct genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus contains two species; Proiridomyrmex vetulus, described in 2002 where its fossils were discovered in the United States, and Proiridomyrmex rotundatus, described in 2015.
Noonilla is a genus of ants of uncertain placement in the family Formicidae. It contains the single species Noonilla copiosa, first described by Petersen in 1968 based on male specimen from the Philippines. Noonilla was initially placed in the subfamily Leptanillinae, but was later removed from the subfamily when Ogata, Terayama & Masuko (1995) reviewed the genus, leaving the genus incertae sedis in the family.
Protanilla schoedli is a species of ant in the genus Protanilla. It was first described in 2006 from a gyne collected in Sri Lanka. It is named after Stefan Schödl.
Aetalionidae are a family of plant-hoppers or tree-hoppers in the superfamily Membracoidea. Aetalionidae are somewhat like Membracidae in that they have one to three rows of short spines on the hind tibia but differ in having the front femur fused to the trochanter and the scutellum is completely exposed. The females have finger-like protrusions on the genital capsule. The family is mostly Neotropical. The subfamily Biturritiinae is Neotropical while the subfamily Aetalioninae has a Neotropical genus Aetalion and the sole Old World representative genus Darthula with a single species Darthula hardwickii.
References
- ↑ "Genus: Furcotanilla". antweb.org. AntWeb . Retrieved 13 October 2013.
- ↑ Xu, Z.-H. (2012). "Furcotanilla, a new genus of the ant subfamily Leptanillinae from China with descriptions of two new species of Protanilla and P. rafflesi Taylor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Sociobiology. 59 (2): 477–491. doi: 10.13102/sociobiology.v59i2.612 .
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