Gulf of Oman

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Gulf of Oman
خليج عمان (Arabic)
LocationGulf of Oman.png
Location West Asia and South Asia
Coordinates 25°N58°E / 25°N 58°E / 25; 58
Type Sea
Ocean/sea sources Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea
Basin  countries
Max. width340 km (210 mi)
Surface area115,000 km2 (44,000 sq mi)
Max. depth3,700 m (12,100 ft)
Location
Gulf of Oman
Interactive map of Gulf of Oman
Satellite view of Iran, Pakistan and the Gulf of Oman. Jaz Murian satellite.jpg
Satellite view of Iran, Pakistan and the Gulf of Oman.
Khor Fakkan, a city in the Emirate of Sharjah, has one of the major container ports in the eastern seaboard of the United Arab Emirates. Khorfakkan Port.jpg
Khor Fakkan, a city in the Emirate of Sharjah, has one of the major container ports in the eastern seaboard of the United Arab Emirates.
U.S. Navy, French Navy, and Italian Navy aircraft carriers conduct operations in the U.S. 5th Fleet area of responsibility in the Gulf of Oman. Carriers Charles de Gaulle (R91) - Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) and Cavour (550) underway in the Gulf of Oman on 3 January 2014 (140103-N-CL550-634).jpg
U.S. Navy, French Navy, and Italian Navy aircraft carriers conduct operations in the U.S. 5th Fleet area of responsibility in the Gulf of Oman.

The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman (Arabic : خليج عمانkhalīj ʿumān; Persian : دریای عمانdaryâ-ye omân), also known as Gulf of Makran or Sea of Makran (Arabic : خلیج مکرانkhalīj makrān; Persian : دریای مکرانdaryâ-ye makrān), is a gulf in the Indian Ocean that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It borders Iran and Pakistan on the north, Oman on the south, and the United Arab Emirates on the west.

Contents

Extent

The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Gulf of Oman as follows: [1]

Exclusive economic zone

Exclusive economic zones in Gulf of Oman: [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

NumberCountryArea (Km2)
1Flag of Oman.svg  Oman 108,779
2Flag of Iran.svg  Iran 65,850
3Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 4,371
4Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 2,000
TotalGulf of Oman181,000

Bordering countries

Coastline length of bordering countries:

  1. Flag of Iran.svg  Iran - 850 km coastline
  2. Flag of Oman.svg  Oman - 750 km coastline
  3. Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates - 50 km coastline
  4. Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan - 50 km coastline

Alternative names

The western part of the Indian Ocean, by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli, 1693 from his system of global gores the Makran coast The western part of the Indian Ocean, by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli, 1693 from his system of global gores the Makran coast.jpg
The western part of the Indian Ocean, by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli, 1693 from his system of global gores the Makran coast
Paths that Alexander the Great took MacedonEmpire-2.jpg
Paths that Alexander the Great took

The Gulf of Oman historically and geographically has been referred to by different names by Arabian, Iranian, Indian, Pakistani, and European geographers and travelers, including Makran Sea and Akhzar Sea. [8] [9]

  1. Makran Sea
  2. Akhzar Sea
  3. Persian Sea (consists of the whole of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman)

Until the 18th century, it was known as Makran Sea and is also visible on historical maps and museums. [10]

Major ports

International trade

The Western side of the gulf connects to the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic route through which a third of the world's liquefied natural gas and 20% of global oil consumption passes from Middle East producers. [11]

Ecology

In 2018, scientists confirmed the Gulf of Oman contains one of the world's largest marine dead zones, where the ocean contains little or no oxygen and marine wildlife cannot exist. The dead zone encompasses nearly the entire 165,000-square-kilometre (63,700 sq mi) Gulf of Oman and equivalent to the size of Florida, United States of America. The cause is a combination of increased ocean warming and increased runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers. [12]

International underwater rail tunnel

In 2018, a rail tunnel under the sea was suggested to link the UAE with the western coast of India. The bullet train tunnel would be supported by pontoons and be nearly 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) in length. [13] [14]

In the Battlefield video game series, the Gulf of Oman is a map used in Battlefield 2 , Battlefield 3 , Battlefield Play4Free and Battlefield 4 with the United States Marines Corps (USMC) invading the shore of Oman with the fictional Middle Eastern Coalition (MEC) defending it in Battlefield 2, and with Russian Ground Forces defending it in Play4Free, Battlefield 3 and Battlefield 4.

See also

References

  1. "Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition" (PDF). International Hydrographic Organization. 1953. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  2. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  3. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  4. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  5. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  6. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  7. "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". www.seaaroundus.org.
  8. "Makran Sea/Gulf of Oman|Mokran Sea or Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf, Pars sea". www.persiangulfstudies.com.
  9. Nicolini, Beatrice (1 January 2004). Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-Terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean, 1799-1856. BRILL. ISBN   9004137807.
  10. Esmaeili, H.; Mehraban, Hamidreza (2017). "New geographical record of the lined rockskipper, Istiblennius lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) from the Iranian coast of the Makran Sea (Teleostei, Blenniidae)". Check List. 13 (6): 743–746. doi: 10.15560/13.6.743 . S2CID   90093756.
  11. "2 oil tankers were damaged in possible attacks in the Gulf of Oman". Vox. 13 June 2019.
  12. "Scientists Confirm Florida-Sized Dead Zone in the Gulf of Oman". Yale Environment 360. 30 April 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  13. "A 2,000-km-long underwater rail will connect Mumbai to the UAE very soon!", Times of India, 30 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021
  14. "The UAE Wants an Underwater Bullet Train to India", Futurism.com, 5 December 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021

Further reading