HMS Ardent (1894)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Ardent.

Ardent
History
United Kingdom
Name	Ardent
Builder	Thornycroft, Chiswick
Laid down	December 1893
Launched	16 October 1894
Commissioned	30 April 1895
Motto	Death rather than disgrace
Fate	Sold for breaking, 10 October 1911
General characteristics
Class and type	Thornycroft 27 knot - 2 funnel destroyer
Displacement	265 tons (1901)
Length	201 ft 8 in (61.47 m)
Beam	19 ft (5.8 m)
Draught	7 ft 3 in (2.21 m)
Installed power	4,300 ihp (forced draught)
Propulsion	2 × Thornycroft vertical triple-expansion steam engines 4 × Thornycroft coal-fired water-tube boilers 2 × shafts
Speed	27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)
Endurance	60 tons of coal 1,750 nm at 13 knots
Complement	53 officers and men
Armament	1 × 12-pounder 12 cwt QF Mark I naval gun on a P Mark I low angle mount 5 × QF 6-pounder 8 cwt Mark I naval guns on a P Mark I* low angle mount 2 × 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tube (single launchers)

HMS Ardent was a Royal Navy 27 knot torpedo boat destroyer ordered from John I Thornycroft & Company under the 1893 – 1894 Naval Estimates. She was the sixth ship to carry this name. ^[1]

Construction and design

On 12 October 1893, the British Admiralty placed an order for three torpedo boat destroyers (Ardent, Boxer and Bruizer) with the shipbuilder Thornycroft under the 1893–1894 shipbuilding programme for the Royal Navy as a follow-on to the two prototype destroyers (Daring and Decoy) ordered from Thornycroft under the 1892–1893 programme. ^{[2] [lower-alpha 1]}

The Admiralty did not specify a standard design for destroyers, laying down broad requirements, including a trial speed of 27 knots (31 mph; 50 km/h), a "turtleback" forecastle ^{[lower-alpha 2]} and armament, which was to vary depending on whether the ship was to be used in the torpedo boat or gunboat role. ^[5] As a torpedo boat, the planned armament was a single QF 12 pounder 12 cwt (3 in (76 mm) calibre) gun on a platform on the ship's conning tower (in practice the platform was also used as the ship's bridge), together with a secondary gun armament of three 6-pounder guns, and two 18 in (450 mm) torpedo tubes. As a gunboat, one of the torpedo tubes could be removed to accommodate a further two six-pounders. ^{[6] [7]}

Thornycroft's design (known as the Ardent-class) was 201 feet 8 inches (61.47 m) long overall and 201 feet 6 inches (61.42 m) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 19 feet (5.79 m) and a draught of 7 feet 3+1⁄4 inches (2.22 m). Displacement was 245 long tons (249 t) light and 301 long tons (306 t) full load. ^[8] Three Thornycroft water-tube boilers fed steam to 2 four-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines rated at 4,200 indicated horsepower (3,100 kW). Two funnels were fitted. ^{[8] [9]}

Ardent was laid down as Yard number 297 in December 1893 at the Thornycroft shipyard at Church Wharf, Chiswick and launched on 16 October 1894 by Mrs C.T. Cornish, the daughter of the company founder John Isaac Thornycroft. ^{[8] [10] [11]} During her builder's trials at Maplin Sound on 9 November 1894 the ship achieved an average speed of 29.182 knots on her full power run. Her boiler pressure was 210 pounds per square inch with shafts turning at an average of 407 revolutions per minute. ^[12] She reached a speed of 27.84 knots (51.56 km/h; 32.04 mph) over the measured mile and a six-hour average speed of 27.97 knots (51.80 km/h; 32.19 mph) during official trials on 15 December 1894. ^[13] Ardent was completed on 25 March 1895. ^[8]

Service history

The torpedo boat destroyer was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 30 April 1895 at Portsmouth under the command of Lieutenant & Commander Godfrey H B Mundy for service on the Mediterranean Station based at Malta. ^[14] Ardent departed Portsmouth on 14 May 1895, stopping at Plymouth to join the third-class cruiser HMS Pique. They departed for Malta on 15 May 1895. ^[15] Upon her arrival she became tender to the fleet flagship, the battleship Ramillies. Among Ardent′s duties was the training of stokers in the management of water-tube boilers. ^[11]

On 31 March 1901, Ardent was listed as being at Malta for the British Empire census. In April 1902 she was on tactical and gunnery exercises with the Mediterranean Fleet, ^[16] and in September that year she was part of a squadron visiting the Aegean Sea for combined manoeuvres near Nauplia and Souda Bay at Crete. ^[17] She paid off at Gibraltar on 22 October 1902. ^[18] On 17 April 1906, the torpedo boat TB 84 was in collision with Ardent while carrying out exercises at night off Malta. TB 84 sank, with one of her crew being killed in the accident. ^{[19] [20] [21]}

Upon her return to home waters in early 1911, Ardent was paid off into reserve. She was listed on the July 1911 (Quarterly) Navy List as being for sale. ^[22] Ardent was sold on 10 October 1911 for breaking, ^[1] raising a price of £1400. ^[23]

Notes

1. Three more destroyers were ordered from Yarrow on the same date, while a further 30 destroyers were later ordered from other shipbuilders under the same programme. ^[3]
2. A fore deck with exaggerated camber designed to throw off sea water at high speeds. ^[4]

Citations

1. J.J. Colledge, Revised and Updated by Lt Cdr Ben Warlow (2010). Ships of the Royal Navy. Philadelphia & Newbury: Casemate. p. Section A. ISBN   978-1-61200-0275.
2. Lyon 2001 , pp. 40, 43
3. Lyon 2001, p. 19
4. Gardiner & Lambert 1992, p. 188
5. Lyon 2001 , p. 20
6. Lyon 2001 , pp. 98–99
7. Friedman 2009 , p. 40
8. Lyon 2001 , p. 43
9. Friedman 2009 , pp. 44, 290
10. "Naval and Military Intelligence (Official Appointments and Notices)". The Times. No. 34397. London. 17 October 1894. col B, p. 10.
11. "HMS Ardent Association Online". hmsardent.org.uk. Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
12. "Naval and Military Intelligence (Official Appointments and Notices)". The Times. No. 34418. London. 10 November 1894. col E, p. 10.
13. Lyon 2001 , p. 45
14. "Naval and Military Intelligence (Official Appointments and Notices)". The Times. No. 34565. London. 1 May 1895. col D, p. 10.
15. "Naval and Military Intelligence (Official Appointments and Notices)". The Times. No. 34578. London. 16 May 1895. col F, p. 5.
16. "Naval and Military Intelligence (Official Appointments and Notices)". The Times. No. 36744. London. 17 April 1902. p. 7.
17. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36883. London. 26 September 1902. p. 8.
18. "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36908. London. 25 October 1902. p. 12.
19. Kemp 1999 , p. 2
20. Chesneau & Kolesnik 1979 , p. 104
21. Gardiner & Gray 1985 , p. 19
22. July 1911 (Quarterly) Navy List. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office. July 1911. p. 409.
23. "Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Portsmouth Dockyard". The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect. Vol. 34. November 1911. p. 109.

References

• Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-133-5.
• Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN   978-1-84832-049-9.
• Manning, T. D. (1961). The British Destroyer. Putnam & Co. OCLC   6470051.
• Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-245-5.
• Gardiner, Robert; Lambert, Andrew, eds. (1992). Steam, Steel & Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815–1905. Conway's History of the Ship. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-564-0.
• Kemp, Paul (1999). The Admiralty Regrets: British Warship Losses of the 20th Century. Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing. ISBN   0-7509-1567-6.
• Lyon, David (2001) [1996]. The First Destroyers. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN   1-84067-364-8.

Further reading

• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN   978-1-86176-281-8.
• March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC   164893555.
• Jane's Fighting Ships 1905/06. New York: ARCO Publishing Company. 1969 [1905]. p. 78. ISBN   0-668-02269-8. LCCN   69-14519.
• Jane's All the World's Fighting Ships 1898. David and Charles. 1969 [1898]. pp. 84–85. ISBN   0-7153-4476-5.