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Group of One 하나회 하나會 | |
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Leader | Chun Doo-hwan Roh Tae-woo |
Founder | Chun Doo-hwan |
Founded | 1961 |
Dissolved | 1993 |
Membership | |
Ideology | |
Political position | Far-right [2] [3] |
Hanahoe | |
Hangul | 하나회 |
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Hanja | 하나會 |
Revised Romanization | Hanahoe |
McCune–Reischauer | Hanahoe |
Hanahoe ("Group of One") was an unofficial private group and secret society of military officers in South Korea headed by Chun Doo-hwan,who later became the South Korean president during the Fifth Republic era. [4]
An article in the Encyclopedia of Korean Culture traces the group's origins to the private group Chilsonghoe (칠성회;七星會;lit. Seven Star Society) in 1958 that was formed by seven people,including Chun Doo-hwan,Roh Tae-woo,and Chung Ho-yong. [5] The group was an expansion of the group Osunghoe (오성회;五星會),formed in 1951,which had five members-Roh,Chun,Kim Bok-dong,Choi Sung-taek,Park Byung-ha,and Chilsonghoe included two more members-Jung Ho-yong and Kwon Yik-hyon. [6]
Initially formed by graduates of the eleventh class of the Korea Military Academy in 1955,Hanahoe built up its ranks by recruiting three to four members per subsequent classes of the KMA,mostly from Gyeongsangdo. Hanahoe formed the core of the group that eventually took control of the presidency and government from Choi Kyu-hah in the December 12,1979 and the Coup d'état of May Seventeenth,1980,ending the Fourth Republic. Subsequently,Hanahoe also played an instrumental role in violent suppression of the Gwangju Uprising.[ citation needed ]
After its initial seizure of power,Hanahoe maintained great influence in South Korean politics throughout the 1980s,but was later disbanded by force in 1993 upon inauguration of Kim Young-sam,and Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-Woo,together with other members of Hanahoe,were convicted for their role in the two coups and Gwangju Massacre.[ citation needed ]
The 2023 South Korean film 12.12:The Day follows Hanahoe's 1979 coup. [7]
Roh Tae-woo was a South Korean politician and army general who served as the 6th president of South Korea from 1988 to 1993. He was the first democratically elected president of South Korea.
Choi Kyu-hah,also spelled Choi Kyu-ha or Choi Gyu-ha,was a South Korean politician who served as the fourth President of South Korea from 1979 to 1980.
The Gwangju Uprising,known in Korean as May 18,took place in Gwangju,South Korea,in 1980. The uprising was a response to the coup d'état of May Seventeenth that installed Chun Doo-hwan as military dictator and implemented martial law. Following his ascent to power,Chun arrested opposition leaders,closed all universities,banned political activities,and suppressed the press. The uprising was violently suppressed by the South Korean military. The uprising is also known as the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement,the Gwangju Democratization Struggle,the May 18 Democratic Uprising or the Gwangju Uprising in South Korea.
Minjung is a Korean word that combines the two hanja characters min (民) and jung (衆). Min is from inmin,which may be translated as "the people",and jung is from daejung,which may be translated as "the public". Thus,minjung can be translated to mean "the masses" or "the people."
The Coup d'état of December Twelfth or the 12.12 Military Insurrection was a military mutiny which took place on December 12,1979,in South Korea.
The Fifth Republic of South Korea was the government of South Korea from March 1981 to December 1987.
May 18 is a South Korean historical drama film directed by Kim Ji-hoon was released in 27 July 2007,starring Kim Sang-kyung,Ahn Sung-ki,Lee Yo-won and Lee Joon-gi. This movie tell about the events leading up to the Gwangju massacre in South Korea where troops fired on students.
Jeong Seung-hwa was a South Korean general officer,and the 22nd Chief of Staff of the Republic of Korea Army. He was present at the Blue House presidential compound,site of the assassination of President Park Chung-hee,when it took place on 26 October 1979.
The Coup d'état of May Seventeenth was a military coup d'état carried out in South Korea by General Chun Doo-hwan and Hanahoe that followed the Coup d'état of December Twelfth.
General Chung Ho-yong is a South Korean politician and army general,who was held the positions of minister of the interior and later minister of defense. He is considered as one of the best friends of Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo,who both served as President of South Korea.
5th Republic is a 2005 South Korean drama television series that aired on MBC from April 23 to September 1,2005,on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:40 (KST) for 41 episodes. It takes place during the 1981–1988 Fifth Republic of South Korea under the dictatorship of President Chun Doo-hwan. It follows his rise to power through a military coup to his downfall after a series of democratic movements,including the Gwangju uprising and the June Democratic Uprising.
Kim Young-sam,often referred to by his initials YS,was a South Korean politician and activist who served as the 7th president of South Korea from 1993 to 1998.
Events from the year 1979 in South Korea.
Events from the year 1980 in South Korea.
Chun Doo-hwan was a South Korean army general and military dictator who ruled as an unelected strongman from 1979 to 1980 before replacing Choi Kyu-hah as president of South Korea from 1980 to 1988.
Park Hee-do was South Korean General and a Politician. He was a member of Hanahoe,a now-illegal group of the South Korean Army.
12.12:The Day is a 2023 South Korean historical action drama film directed by Kim Sung-su,starring Hwang Jung-min,Jung Woo-sung,Lee Sung-min,Park Hae-joon and Kim Sung-kyun. The film is set against the backdrop of the December 12,1979,military coup from the late 1970s to early 1980s. It was released theatrically on November 22,2023,and became the highest-grossing Korean film of 2023,earning over $97 million against a budget of ₩23 billion.