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Horatio Sharpe | |
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11th Governor of Restored Proprietary Government | |
In office 1753–1768 | |
Preceded by | Benjamin Tasker Sr. |
Succeeded by | Robert Eden |
Personal details | |
Born | 1718 Hull,Yorkshire,England |
Died | November 9,1790 71–72) Hampstead,London,England | (aged
Profession | colonial governor |
Horatio Sharpe (1718 – November 9,1790) was the 22nd proprietary governor of Maryland from 1753 to 1768 under the restored proprietary government of Maryland.
Horatio Sharpe was born in Hull,Yorkshire,England in 1718 to parents William Sharpe Sr. and Margaret Beake, [1] of Beak Street,Piccadilly in London and Elstree in Hertfordshire. He was one of 16 children,of whom nine brothers and four sisters survived their father. [2] Sharpe's older brothers were William,John,Nicholas,Joshua,Thomas,Charles,Gregory,and Philip Sharpe. His four sisters were Mary,Elizabeth,Gulielma-Maria and Anne. His brother Gregory Sharpe (1713–1771) was appointed Master of the Temple in 1763 and was chaplain to George III. His brother William Sharpe of Brocklee Hill,Elstree in Hertfordshire (b. abt 1696 –d. 1767) was clerk of the council. His brother John Sharpe Esq. of Lincoln's Inn (abt 1700–1756) was Solicitor to the Treasury. [3]
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He was commissioned in the King's forces in 1745 as a Captain and fought in the Jacobite rising against the Scots. He served with the 20th Regiment of Foot and the Marines. Later he is found in the West Indies as a Lieutenant-Colonel. He served until his appointment by Frederick Calvert,6th Baron Baltimore as the proprietary Maryland colonial governor. (Following Samuel Ogle,who had died.) Horatio Sharpe was the brother of Lord Baltimore's guardian (William). He arrived in Maryland in August 1753.
Appointed by the King in 1754 as the Royal Commander in Chief of all British Forces and commander of colonial forces for the protection of Virginia and adjoining Colonies,Sharpe was superseded by the arrival Maj. Gen. Edward Braddock in 1755. Prior to Sharpe's service,Colonel James Innes had commanded all provincial soldiers.
He was a capable civil and military administrator,gentleman-farmer,slave owner,horse collector,hospitable host,and friend of George Mason and George Washington. [4]
Horatio Sharpe also built Whitehall on the outskirts of Annapolis (Whitehall Road,Skidmore,Anne Arundel County). Now a National Historic Landmark,Whitehall was designed by Joseph Horatio Anderson,who was also the architect of the Maryland State House. It served as Sharpe's residence from the time of his enforced retirement in 1769 until his return to England in 1773.
Between 1760 and 1765,according to a 1912 biography,"The governor spent as much of his time as was possible at Whitehall,amusing himself with his favourite pursuit of farming",with most of the labor provided by slaves:
No kinder master could be found,and his large retinue of negro slaves and indentured white servants were supremely happy. The duty of looking after the welfare and comfort of those under him was faithfully discharged. [5]
He returned to England to attend to family matters in 1773 and remained there until his death in 1790. In the Maryland Confiscation Act of 1780,Horatio Sharpe is specifically mentioned by name. He was encouraged by the new state of Maryland to return from England to Maryland and reclaim his lands. Barring that,he was permitted to sell or dispose of all his Maryland properties. Sharpe sold or gave his Maryland properties to his long-time secretary,John Ridout,who had stayed in Maryland during the Revolutionary War to protect his former employer's property.
Sir Robert Eden,1st Baronet (1741–1784) was the last Royal Governor of Maryland. He followed Horatio Sharpe as governor in 1769.
In 1763,Sharpsburg,Maryland was named in honor of Sharpe by his friend and the town's founder,Joseph Chapline. [6]
Sharpsburg is a town in Washington County,Maryland,United States,located approximately 13 miles (21 km) south of Hagerstown. The population was 705 at the 2010 census.
Sir Robert Eden,1st Baronet,of Maryland,23rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland was a British colonial official and the last Royal Governor of Maryland. Although a popular governor and an able administrator,Eden's authority was overthrown by the events of the American Revolution,and in June 1776 he was invited by the Maryland Convention to leave for England. Eden was well-regarded at home and in the same year,1776,he was made a baronet. He eventually returned to Maryland where he died in 1784 at the age of 42. He was buried in Annapolis and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son,Frederick,a noted author.
Elstree is a large village in the Hertsmere borough of Hertfordshire,England. It is about 15 miles northwest of central London on the former A5 road,that follows the course of Watling Street. In 2011,its population was 5,110. It forms part of the civil parish of Elstree and Borehamwood,originally known simply as Elstree.
Frederick Calvert,6th Baron Baltimore,styled The Hon. Frederick Calvert until 1751,was an English nobleman and last in line of the Barons Baltimore. Although he exercised almost feudal power in the Province of Maryland,he never once set foot in the colony,and unlike his father,he took little interest in politics,treating his estates,including Maryland,largely as sources of revenue to support his extravagant,often scandalous lifestyle. In 1768 he was accused of abduction and rape by Sarah Woodcock,a noted beauty who kept a milliner's shop at Tower Hill. The jury acquitted Calvert,but he left England soon afterwards,and never recovered from the public scandal that surrounded the trial. Dogged by the criticism and poor health,he contracted a fever and died in Naples at the age of 40.
Benjamin Tasker Sr. was the 21st Proprietary Governor of Maryland from 1752 to 1753. He also occupied a number of other significant colonial offices,including,on various occasions,being elected Mayor of Annapolis.
Colonel Benjamin Tasker Jr. was a politician and slave trader in colonial Maryland,and Mayor of Annapolis from 1754 to 1755. He was the son of Benjamin Tasker Sr.,Provincial Governor of Maryland from 1752 to 1753.
Colonel Nicholas Greenberry was the 4th Royal Governor of Maryland,and Commander of the Military Forces of Anne Arundel and Baltimore Counties.
William Stone,3rd Proprietary Governor of Province of Maryland was an early,English settler in Maryland. He was governor of the colony of Maryland from 1649 to 1655.
Thomas Bladen was a colonial governor in North America and politician who sat in the British House of Commons between 1727 and 1741. He served as the 19th Proprietary Governor of Maryland from 1742 to 1747.
Nathaniel Rice was a British colonial administrator who served as the acting governor of North Carolina in 1734 and from 1752 to 1753.
Col. Charles Ridgely II,"Charles The Merchant" (1702–1772),of "Ridgely's Whim",was a Justice,planter,merchant,ironmaster,and member of the General Assembly of Maryland's lower chamber,House of Delegates and one of Baltimore County's commissioners. Charles II was the son of Charles Ridgely I,,,and Deborah Dorsey.
James Cornwallis,4th Earl Cornwallis was a British clergyman,and peer.
Thomas Greene of Bobbing,Kent,2nd Proprietary Governor of Maryland was an early settler of the Maryland colony and second Provincial Governor of the colony from 1647 to 1648.
Daniel Dulany the Elder (1685–1753) was a prominent lawyer and land-developer in colonial Maryland,who held a number of colonial offices. In 1722 Dulany wrote a pamphlet entitled The Right of the Inhabitants of Maryland,to the Benefit of the English Laws,asserting the rights of Marylanders over the Proprietary Government.
Daniel Dulany the Younger was a Maryland Loyalist politician,Mayor of Annapolis,and an influential American lawyer in the period immediately before the American Revolution. His pamphlet Considerations on the Propriety of Imposing Taxes in the British Colonies,which argued against taxation without representation,has been described as "the ablest effort of this kind produced in America".
Whitehall is a colonial home that was built beginning in 1764 near Annapolis in Anne Arundel County in the Province of Maryland by Horatio Sharpe,then the provincial governor of the British colony of Maryland.
Matilda Ridout Edgar was a Canadian historian and feminist. She was born Matilda Ridout,became Matilda Edgar by marriage,and became Lady Edgar in 1898 when her husband was knighted. The mother of nine children,she turned to historical research and writing when in her forties. She published three books in her lifetime and was working on a fourth when she died. She was active in a number of Toronto-based societies and in her later years was a strong advocate of women's causes.
Governor Sharpe may refer to: