Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy

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Hugh IV
Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy.jpg
Duke of Burgundy
Reign1218–1272
Predecessor Odo III
Successor Robert II
Born(1213-03-09)9 March 1213
Villaines-en-Duesmois
Died27 October 1272(1272-10-27) (aged 59)
France
Spouse Yolande of Dreux
Beatrice of Navarre
Issue
Detail
Odo, Count of Nevers
John, Lord of Bourbon
Adelaide, Duchess of Brabant
Robert II, Duke of Burgundy
Isabella, Queen of Germany
House House of Burgundy
Father Odo III, Duke of Burgundy
Mother Alice of Vergy

Hugh IV (9 March 1213 – 27 or 30 October 1272) was Duke of Burgundy from 1218 and titular King of Thessalonica from 1266 until his death in 1272. Hugh was the son of Odo III, Duke of Burgundy, [1] and Alice de Vergy. [2]

Contents

Issue

Hugh married twice, first to Yolande of Dreux when he was 16 and she 17 years of age. [3] He then married Beatrice of Navarre, when he was 45. [4] With Yolande, he had:

With Beatrice, he had:

Early years

His father died during the war of War of the Succession of Champagne in 1218. Hugh was an opponent of the regency of the County of Champagne by Blanche of Castile. With his father's death in 1218, he switched sides and joined the rebels in 1229. This led to blows with Theobald IV, Count of Champagne.

Hugh IV, through a transaction with John l'Antique de Chalon, gave up the barony of Salon for the counties of Chalon and Auxonne in 1237, which expanded the Duchy [7] and the regional economy benefited from the growing wine trade.

Crusades

In 1239, Hugh joined the Barons' Crusade led by King Theobald I of Navarre and supported by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. [8] During this crusade, he was one of the nobles who sought battle with the Muslims against the advice of King Theobald and the Military Orders. Realizing that the expedition was disadvantageous, he opted to withdraw to Ascalon with Walter IV, Count of Brienne and a few others, avoiding the disastrous battle of Gaza. Soon after, King Theobald left for France and Richard of Cornwall arrived. He chose to ally with him, aid in rebuilding Ascalon and negotiated a peace with Egypt in 1241. [9] He returned to Burgundy afterwards.

Hugh arrived at Cyprus by May 1249 and joined Louis IX of France on the Seventh Crusade. [10] He led one of the two camps of the army that crossed during the siege of Mansurah, the other camp being led by the King of France himself. He was taken prisoner with his king during the retreat of Fariskur, following the betrayal of a treacherous sergeant. He would not be released until March 1252, as such he returned home.

In 1266, he met with Baldwin II, Latin Emperor, who sold Hugh the title of king of Thessalonica in exchange for reconquering his lost domains. Although it had been recaptured by Epirus more than 40 years before. The sale would only remain valid until Hugh aided in Baldwin's reconquest and should he fail to uphold his end, the title would pass to Charles I of Anjou and his heirs. The invasion wouldn't come to pass, as Pope Gregory X, under the false promise of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos to unite the churches, staved off any attempts.

In 1270, Hugh joined the Eighth Crusade. But after King Louis IX died, he returned home.

Death

Hugh IV died on 27 October 1272 (Aged 60) at Villaines-en-Duismois, France. His burial place is unknown.

See also

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The War of the Succession of Champagne was a war from 1216 to 1222 between the nobles of the Champagne region of France, occurring within that region and also spilling over into neighboring duchies. The war lasted two years and de facto ended in 1218, but did not officially end until Theobald IV reached the age of majority in 1222, at which point his rivals abandoned their claims.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beatrice of Navarre, Duchess of Burgundy</span>

Beatrice of Navarre, was Duchess of Burgundy, by marriage to Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy. She was a daughter of Theobald I of Navarre and his third wife Margaret of Bourbon. Her siblings included Theobald II of Navarre and Henry I of Navarre. She is also known as Beatrix of Champagne.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alice of Vergy</span> Duchess consort of Burgundy

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yolande of Brittany</span> French noblewoman (1218–1272)

Yolande of Brittany, also known as Yolande de Dreux, was the ruler of the counties of Penthièvre and Porhoet in the Duchy of Brittany. Yolande had been betrothed to King Henry III of England in 1226 at the age of seven years, but married Hugh XI of Lusignan, the half-brother of Henry III. Through Hugh, she became Countess of La Marche and of Angoulême. She was the mother of seven children. From 1250 to 1256, she acted as Regent of La Marche and Angoulême for her son, Hugh XII of Lusignan.

Odo/Eudes I de Champlitte the so-called Champenois, of the House of Blois and its cadet branch, the house of Champlitte. was Lord of Champlitte, Viscount of Dijon, and also a claimant to the title of Count of Champagne. He was the son of Hugh, Count of Champagne, Count of Champagne and Isabella of Burgundy, daughter of Stephen I, Count of Burgundy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Renard II of Choiseul</span> Lord of Choiseul in Champagne

Renard II of Choiseul, also known as Raynard II of Choiseul or Renaud of Choiseul, was the son of Foulques II and Alix of Vignory. He held the title of lord of Choiseul in Champagne during the late 12th and early 13th centuries. The region is located in the current department of Haute-Marne.

References

  1. Setton, Kenneth M. (1976). The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume I: The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society. p. 492. ISBN   0-87169-114-0.
  2. Demarthe 2015, p. 1.
  3. Michael Lower, The Barons' Crusade: A Call to Arms and Its Consequences, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005), 97.
  4. Theodore Evergates, Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011), 80.
  5. 1 2 Du Chesne, A. (1628) Histoire géneálogique des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de France (Paris), Preuves, p. 79-80.
  6. 1 2 Philippe Le Bel et la Noblesse Franc-Comtoise, Frantz Funck-Brentano, Bibliothèque de l’École des chartes, Vol. 49 (1888), 9.
  7. Cox, Eugene (1999). "The kingdom of Burgundy, the lands of the house of Savoy and adjacent territories". In Abulafia, David (ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 5, c.1198–c.1300. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 362. ISBN   978-1-13905573-4.
  8. Jim Bradbury, The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty, (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007), 210.
  9. Jean Richard, The Crusades, C.1071-c.1291, (Cambridge University Press, 1999) 325-327.
  10. Lock, Peter (2006). The Routledge Companion to the Crusades. Routledge. p. 107.

Sources

Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy
Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty
Born: 9 March 1213 Died: 27 October 1272
Preceded by Duke of Burgundy
1218–1272
Succeeded by