Humboldt County, California

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Humboldt County, California
County of Humboldt
Humboldt Bay and Eureka aerial view.jpg
Aerial view of Humboldt Bay
Seal of Humboldt County, California.png
Motto: 
"The Home of the Redwoods"
Humboldt County, California
Interactive map of Humboldt County
Map of California highlighting Humboldt County.svg
Location in the state of California
CountryUnited States
State California
Region California North Coast
Incorporated May 12, 1853 [1]
Named for Humboldt Bay, which was named after Alexander von Humboldt
County seat Eureka
Largest cityEureka
Government
  Type Council–CAO
  Chair [2] Rex Bohn
  Vice Chair [3] Michelle Bushnell
  Board of Supervisors [4]
Supervisors
  • Rex Bohn
  • Michelle Bushnell
  • Mike Wilson
  • Natalie Arroyo
  • Steve Madrone
  County Administrative OfficerElishia Hayes
Area
  Total4,052 sq mi (10,490 km2)
  Land3,568 sq mi (9,240 km2)
  Water484 sq mi (1,250 km2)
Highest elevation
[5]
6,956 ft (2,120 m)
Population
 (2020)
  Total136,463
  Density38/sq mi (15/km2)
Time zone UTC−8 (Pacific Time Zone)
  Summer (DST) UTC−7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Area codes 707, 530
Congressional district 2nd
Website humboldtgov.org

Humboldt County ( /ˈhʌmblt/ ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 136,463. [6] The county seat is Eureka. [7]

Contents

Humboldt County comprises the Eureka–ArcataFortuna, California, Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located on the far North Coast of California, about 270 miles (435 km) north of San Francisco. It has among the most diverse climates of United States counties, with very mild coastal summers and hot interior days. Similar to the greater region, summers are extremely dry and winters have substantial rainfall.

Its primary population centers of Eureka, the site of College of the Redwoods main campus, and the smaller college town of Arcata, site of California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, are located adjacent to Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay. [8] Area cities and towns are known for hundreds of ornate examples of Victorian architecture.

Humboldt County is a densely forested mountainous and rural county with about 110 miles (177 km) of coastline (more than any other county in the state), [9] situated along the Pacific coast in Northern California's rugged Coast (Mountain) Ranges. With nearly 1,500,000 acres (6,100 km2) of combined public and private forest in production, Humboldt County alone produces twenty percent of the total volume and thirty percent of the total value of all forest products produced in California. [10] The county contains over forty percent of all remaining old growth Coast Redwood forests, [11] the vast majority of which are protected or strictly conserved within dozens of national, state, and local forests and parks, totaling approximately 680,000 acres (1,060 sq mi). [12]

History

The original inhabitants of the area now known as Humboldt County include the Algic Wiyot, Yurok; the Hokan Karuk; and the Athapaskan Hupa, Chilula, Whilkut, Tsnungwe as well as the Eel River Athapaskan peoples, including the Wailaki, Mattole and Nongatl. [13]

Spanish traders made unintended visits to California with the Manila Galleons on their return trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565. The first recorded entry by people of European origin was a landing by the Spanish in 1775 in Trinidad. [13]

The first recorded entry of Humboldt Bay by non-natives was an 1806 visit from a sea otter hunting party from Sitka employed by the Russian American Company. [13] The hunting party included Captain Jonathan Winship, an American, and some Aleut hunters. [13] [14] The bay was not visited again by people of European origin until 1849 when Josiah Gregg's party visited. [14] In 1850, Douglas Ottinger and Hans Buhne entered the bay, naming it Humboldt in honor of the great naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt, and the name was later applied to the county as a whole. [15]

The area around Humboldt Bay was once solely inhabited by the Wiyot Indian tribe. One of the largest Wiyot villages, Tolowot, was located on Indian Island in Humboldt Bay. Founded around 900 BC, it contains a shell midden 6 acres (2.4 ha) in size and 14 feet (4.3 m) deep. It was the site of the February 26, 1860, massacre of the Wiyot people that was recorded by Bret Harte, then living in Union, now called Arcata. Between 60 and 200 Wiyot men, women, and children were murdered that night in the midst of a religious ceremony. Tolowot is now a restricted site and a National Historic Landmark. [14] In 2019, the island was restored to the Wiyot tribe, and is now known as Tuluwat or Duluwat island.

Humboldt County was formed in 1853 from parts of Trinity County.

State historic landmarks in Humboldt County include Arcata and Mad River Railroad, California's First Drilled Oil Wells in Petrolia, Camp Curtis, Centerville Beach Cross, the city of Eureka, the Victorian town of Ferndale, Fort Humboldt, Humboldt Harbor Historical District, the Jacoby Building, The Old Arrow Tree, Old Indian Village of Tsurai, the Town of Trinidad, and Trinidad Head. [14]

On February 5 and 6, 1885, Eureka's entire Chinese population of 300 men and 20 women were expelled after a gunfight between rival Chinese gangs (tongs) resulted in the wounding of a 12-year-old boy and the death of 56-year-old David Kendall, a Eureka City Councilman. After the shooting, an angry mob of 600 Eureka residents met and informed the Chinese that they were no longer wanted in Eureka and would be hanged if they were to stay in town longer than 3 p.m. the next day. They were put on two steamships and shipped to San Francisco. No one was killed in the expulsion. Another Chinese expulsion occurred during 1906 in a cannery on the Eel River, in which 23 Chinese cannery workers were expelled after objections to their presence. However, some Chinese remained in the Orleans area, where some white landowners sheltered and purchased food for the Chinese mineworkers until after racial tension passed. Chinese did not return to the coastal cities until the 1950s. [16]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Humboldt County encompasses 4,052 square miles (10,490 km2), of which 3,568 square miles (9,240 km2) is land and 484 square miles (1,250 km2) is water. [17]

Cape Mendocino is the westernmost point in California (longitude 124 degrees, 24 minutes, 30 seconds). Humboldt Bay, the only deep water port between San Francisco and Coos Bay, Oregon, is located on the coast at the midpoint of the county.

Humboldt County contains a diversity of plant and animal species, with significant forest and coastal habitats. In coastal areas there are extensive redwood forests. [18] A prominent understory shrub is the toyon, whose northern range limit is in Humboldt County. [19]

Rivers

Mouth of Humboldt County's Little River on the Pacific Coast Arcata CA.jpg
Mouth of Humboldt County's Little River on the Pacific Coast
Rockefeller Forest, the largest remaining old-growth Redwood forest on earth, is located within Humboldt Redwoods State Park. Humboldtrockefellerforest.jpg
Rockefeller Forest, the largest remaining old-growth Redwood forest on earth, is located within Humboldt Redwoods State Park.

Humboldt County's major rivers include (in order of flow – cubic meters per second – from largest to smallest):

The smaller rivers include Redwood Creek, significant due to amount of its flow; the Van Duzen; the Eel River syncline group composed of the South Fork, the North Fork, and the Salt River; the Mattole, Salmon, Elk, Bear, and Little rivers.

Seismic activity

Historically, Humboldt County and the entire far north coast of California have had many earthquakes over 6.0 magnitude.

The 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquakes were a series of three major earthquakes that occurred off the coast of Cape Mendocino, California on April 25 and 26, 1992, the largest being a 7.2. Ninety-five people were injured and property in the county sustained considerable damage. [20]

In 2010, a 6.5 magnitude earthquake struck offshore, 33 mi (53 km) west of Eureka, resulting in only minor injuries and some structural damage to houses and utilities, and no fatalities reported. [21]

In 2022, a 6.4 magnitude earthquake centered approximately 10 miles (16 km) from Ferndale caused damage, especially in Rio Dell. [22]

The town of Arcata is built on top of an accretionary wedge. This was formed by the subduction of the Gorda plate under the North American plate. [23]

Climate

The coastal zone of the county experiences very wet, cool winters and dry, mild foggy summers. In the winter, temperatures range from highs of 40–59 °F (4–15 °C) to lows of 32–49 °F (0–9 °C). Coastal summers are cool to mild, with average highs of 60–69 °F (16–21 °C) and frequent fogs. Coastal summer temperatures range from highs of 64–70 °F (18–21 °C) to lows of 46–55 °F (8–13 °C). In the populated areas and cities near the coast, the highest temperatures tend to occur at locations just a few miles inland from Eureka and Arcata, in towns like Fortuna, Rio Dell, and smaller unincorporated communities located somewhat further away from Humboldt Bay. In these locations summer highs are 70–75 °F (21–24 °C). The coastal zone experiences a number of frosty nights in winter and early spring, though snowfall and hard freezes are rare. Coastal winters are cool and wet. Winter rainstorms are frequent, with averages from 30 to 100 inches (760 to 2,500 mm) a year, depending upon elevation.

Inland areas of the county also experience wet, cool winters. Snowfall is common at elevations over 3,000 ft (910 m) throughout the winter months, and is deep enough at higher elevations to have inspired the opening of a small ski lift operation (now defunct) on Horse Mountain, near Willow Creek, for several decades in the late 20th century. Summer displays the sharpest difference between the coastal and inland climates. Inland regions of Humboldt County experience highs of 80–99 °F (27–37 °C) depending on the elevation and distance from the ocean. Occasional summer highs of 100 °F (38 °C) are common in eastern and southern parts of the county including Orleans, Hoopa, Willow Creek, Garberville, Honeydew, and inland river valleys.

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for warmest and coldest months in selected settlements of Humboldt County [24]
LocationMonthTemp (°F)Temp (°C)MonthTemp (°F)Temp (°C)
Eureka August64/5218/11December55/4012/4
Arcata September62/5117/11December54/3812/3
Ferndale August71/5222/11December56/3913/4
Willow Creek July94/5234/11December50/3510/1
Garberville August87/5331/12December49/379/3
Shelter Cove August69/5321/11January57/4514/7
Orick August69/4921/9January52/3711/2

Demographics

2000

As of the 2000 census, the population of Humboldt County was 126,518. As of that census, there were 51,238 households in Humboldt County, and the population density was 35 people per square mile (14 people/km2). By 2006, the population was projected to have increased to 131,361 by the California Department of Finance. [25] There were 55,912 housing units at an average density of 16 units per square mile (6.2 units/km2).[ citation needed ] The racial makeup of the county was 84.7% White, 0.9% Black or African American, 5.7% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 2.5% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. In 2017, 11.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino according to the United States Census Bureau. 13.3% were of German, 10.7% Irish, 10.3% English, 7.4% American and 5.7% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 92.1% spoke English and 4.6% spoke Spanish as their first language.

There were 51,238 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 12.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,226, and the median income for a family was $39,370. Males had a median income of $32,210 versus $23,942 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,203. About 12.9% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

2010

Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1860 2,694
1870 6,140127.9%
1880 15,512152.6%
1890 23,46951.3%
1900 27,10415.5%
1910 33,85724.9%
1920 37,41310.5%
1930 43,23315.6%
1940 45,8126.0%
1950 69,24151.1%
1960 104,89251.5%
1970 99,692−5.0%
1980 108,5148.8%
1990 119,1189.8%
2000 126,5186.2%
2010 134,6236.4%
2020 136,4631.4%
2023 (est.)133,985 [26] −1.8%
U.S. Decennial Census [27]
1790–1960 [28] 1900–1990 [29]
1990–2000 [30] 2010–2015 [6]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Humboldt County had a population of 134,623. The racial makeup of Humboldt County was 109,920 (81.7%) White, 1,505 (1.1%) African American, 7,726 (5.7%) Native American, 2,944 (2.2%) Asian, 352 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 5,003 (3.7%) from other races, and 7,173 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,211 persons (9.8%). [31]

2011

Places by population, race, and income

The Lanphere Dunes, a protected coastal environment Lanphere Dunes.jpg
The Lanphere Dunes, a protected coastal environment

Lead (2017–2018)

Humboldt County children are at greater risk of dangerously elevated blood lead levels than Flint, Michigan's – and almost double that of any other California county measured. The cases are concentrated in Eureka's Old Town and downtown areas. [40] [41] [42]

Economy

Humboldt County is known for its impressive redwood trees, [43] and many acres of private redwood timberland make Humboldt the top timber producer in California. The lush river bottoms adjacent to the ocean produce rich, high-quality dairy products. Somewhat further inland, the warmer valleys have historically produced abundant apples and other fruit. More recently vineyards have been planted in the Trinity, Klamath, Mattole and upper Eel river areas.

Locally based companies

CompanyLocationYears OperatedIndustryHighlightsCurrent Status
Kokatat Arcata since 1971watersportsoutfits the US Coast Guard, US watersports teams for 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics and The Bodyguard locally owned
Cypress Grove Chevre Arcatasince 1983cheesebought by Emmi AG; still in Arcata
Humboldt Creamery Fortuna since 1929dairy cooperativebought by Foster Farms Dairy; still in Fortuna
Lost Coast Brewery Eureka since 1989brewerylocally owned
Wing Inflatables Arcatasince 1991watercraftused by the Navy SEALs and the Coast Guard locally owned
C. Crane Company Fortunasince 1976electronics retailerlocally owned
Sun Frost Arcatasince 1986refrigeratorslocally owned
Wildwood Manufacturing Arcatasince 1970sguitarslocally owned
Wallace & Hinz Blue Lakesince 1976barsThe Great American Bar Companylocally owned
Wildwood BanjosArcata1973–2008banjosmoved to Bend, Oregon, and closed in 2018
Moonstone Guitars Eurekasince 1974guitarslocally owned
Coast SeafoodEurekasince 1941seafoodbought by Pacific Seafood; still in Eureka
Holly Yashi Arcatasince 1981jewelrylocally owned
Eel River Brewing Company Fortunasince 1994brewerylocally owned
Six Rivers Brewery McKinleyville since 1996brewerylocally owned
Mad River Brewing Blue Lake since 1989brewerylocally owned
Humboldt Brewing Company Arcata 1987–2005, 2021-brewerylocally owned, bought and moved, then returned in 2021
The Sun Valley Group Arcatasince 1969flowerslocally owned
Yakima Racks Arcata1979–2005roof racksoutfitted race vehicles for the 1984 and 1992 Summer Olympics bought out and moved to Lake Oswego, Oregon
Restoration Hardware Eureka1979–1995home furnishingsmoved to Corte Madera, California, original Old Town Eureka store closed in 2009
Moonstone Mountaineering Arcata1977–2006custom outdoor gearbought out and closed by Columbia Sportswear in 2006
Fire and Light Originals Arcata1995–2019glasswareclosed in 2019
Loleta Cheese Factory Loleta 1982–2019cheeseclosed in 2019
Pacific Lumber Company Scotia 1863–2007loggingdeclared bankruptcy and bought by Mendocino Redwood Company
Arcata Transit AuthorityArcata1971–early 1980s?bikes and outdoor gearclosed and succeeded by Kokatat
Blue PumaArcata1971–1986outdoor gearearly user of Gore-Tex sued by Puma and reorganized to become Kokatat
Downhome Arcata1978–1980custom sleeping bagsmoved to Deadwood, Oregon, and closed c. 1993

Dairy

Humboldt County is known for its family-operated dairy farms. The Humboldt Creamery, a significant producer of high-grade ice cream and other dairy products, operates from the original headquarters located at Fernbridge adjacent to the Eel River. [44]

Cannabis

May 26, 2020, deputies with the Humboldt County Sheriff's Office Marijuana Enforcement Team (MET) served one search warrant to investigate illegal cannabis cultivation in the Weitchpec area. Approximately 18,690 growing cannabis plants and 818 pounds of cannabis bud were destroyed. Humboldt County Indoor Grow 2020.jpg
May 26, 2020, deputies with the Humboldt County Sheriff's Office Marijuana Enforcement Team (MET) served one search warrant to investigate illegal cannabis cultivation in the Weitchpec area. Approximately 18,690 growing cannabis plants and 818 pounds of cannabis bud were destroyed.

As part of the Emerald Triangle, Humboldt County is known for its cultivation of cannabis, estimated to be worth billions of dollars. [46] [47] Proposition 215 allows patients and caregivers who are given a doctor's recommendation to legally (State level only) grow up to 99 plants in Humboldt County. [48] [49] However, in the years before Prop 215 (early 1970s – late 1980s), Humboldt County saw a large migration of the Bay Area counter-culture to the region. Many came looking to purchase cheap land, and ended up growing marijuana to pay for their land. Especially around Garberville and Redway, the rural culture and hippie scene eventually collaborated to create a rural hippie community in which marijuana became the center of the economy and the culture. Many people prospered by producing marijuana for California and other states because of its reputation for quality. [50] A Redway radio station, KMUD, in the past has issued warnings and alerts to the region with information on whereabouts of law enforcement on their way to raid marijuana gardens. [51] [50]

The Campaign Against Marijuana Planting is the multi-agency law enforcement task force managed by the California Department of Justice, formed with the prime purpose of eradicating illegal cannabis production in California. The operations began in the late 1970s, named the Northern California Sinsemilla Strike Force in 1979, but the name CAMP became used after its official establishment in 1983. While the influence of CAMP in Humboldt County has waned with decriminalization of marijuana, there is a renewed interest at the state level regarding valid growing permits and environmental concerns. As a result, CAMP is today still used as a policing body, in accordance with the DEA. [52] Yearly CAMP reports, published by the California Department of Justice, Bureau of Narcotic Enforcement (BNE) are available online through Cal Poly Humboldt's Special Collections. Starting in 1983, the annual reports detail the organizational structure and names of individual participants, a summary of the season's activities, tactics, and mention of special successes, trends and hazards. [52]

County officials and the industry have encountered challenges in the transition from an illegal, underground economy to legal recreational cannabis sales that began in California in 2018. [53]

As of 2023, the county has the largest cannabis farming industry in the Emerald Triangle. While the largest legal pot farm in the county was 8 acres (3.2 ha), a 2021 survey found the median pot farm sito be as 0.22 acres (0.09 ha). [54]

Parks and recreation

National protected areas

National Park
Conservation area
Recreation area
Forests
Wildlife refuge

State protected areas

Beaches
Parks
Tide pools
Recreation areas
Reserves

County parks

Arts and culture

Government

Overview

Humboldt County is in California's 2nd congressional district , represented by Democrat Jared Huffman. [71]

In the state legislature, Humboldt is part of the 2nd Senate District , represented by Democrat Mike McGuire, [72] and the 2nd Assembly District , represented by Democrat Jim Wood. [73]

Election audits in the county since 2008 have used a distinctive system which has spread elsewhere. They scan all ballots and release a file of the images with a digital signature, so candidates and the public can recount to find if the official totals are correct. They also release software to let the public tally the images electronically. [74] The first time they did this they found the official software omitted 200 ballots. [75] [76] [77] [78]

Voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

Party preferences

From 1920 to 1984, the county was a noted bellwether area, voting for the national winner of every Presidential election. Since 1988, Humboldt has swung heavily to the Democratic Party at the Presidential and congressional levels, and is now one of the most Democratic areas in the state outside the Bay Area and Southern California. The last Republican presidential candidate to win a majority in the county was Ronald Reagan, a Californian, in 1984. [80]

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Humboldt also had a substantial number of people affiliated with the Green Party, but that number has declined in recent years; however, the Green Party has had its best performance by presidential and gubernatorial candidates of any county in the United States in Humboldt County, with Jill Stein gaining her largest county-level number of votes in Humboldt in 2016.[ citation needed ]

United States presidential election results for Humboldt County, California [81] [82]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.%No.%No.%
2020 21,77031.36%44,76864.48%2,8864.16%
2016 18,37330.61%33,20055.32%8,44114.07%
2012 18,82532.63%34,45759.73%4,4047.63%
2008 21,71333.94%39,69262.05%2,5634.01%
2004 25,71439.03%37,98857.66%2,1843.31%
2000 23,21941.48%24,85144.40%7,90214.12%
1996 19,80335.52%24,62844.17%11,32620.31%
1992 18,29930.49%28,85448.07%12,86821.44%
1988 21,46041.15%29,78157.11%9051.74%
1984 27,83251.64%25,21746.79%8421.56%
1980 24,04749.39%17,11335.15%7,53215.47%
1976 18,03441.58%23,50054.18%1,8384.24%
1972 22,34548.83%21,13246.18%2,2865.00%
1968 16,71946.17%16,47645.50%3,0198.34%
1964 12,90933.53%25,51566.27%750.19%
1960 18,07446.71%20,39152.70%2260.58%
1956 19,01952.57%17,02547.06%1330.37%
1952 19,94960.10%12,94939.01%2930.88%
1948 10,97947.19%11,26848.43%1,0194.38%
1944 9,12742.93%12,08356.83%500.24%
1940 9,47043.00%12,32955.98%2251.02%
1936 6,80835.97%11,90962.93%2081.10%
1932 6,79542.22%8,72354.20%5773.58%
1928 9,16269.75%3,72628.37%2471.88%
1924 6,76756.82%8457.09%4,29836.09%
1920 6,52869.89%1,77819.04%1,03411.07%
1916 5,78651.14%4,10336.27%1,42412.59%
1912 931.09%2,88733.76%5,57265.15%
1908 4,22165.02%1,20618.58%1,06516.40%
1904 4,93073.22%1,24918.55%5548.23%
1900 3,90266.32%1,69828.86%2844.83%
1896 3,14255.37%2,46543.44%681.20%
1892 2,41644.53%1,84433.98%1,16621.49%
1888 2,77355.94%2,01440.63%1703.43%
1884 2,18453.89%1,45035.78%41910.34%
1880 1,49050.49%73524.91%72624.60%

Crime

In 2018, Humboldt County was featured in the Netflix documentary Murder Mountain which highlighted the county's marijuana industry, violent crime and missing person cases. [83]

As of 2022, Humboldt County ranked fourth out of California's 58 counties in missing adults per capita. [84] (See table below)

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population [32] 133,585
Violent crime [86] 5414.05
  Homicide [86] 80.06
  Forcible rape [86] 330.25
  Robbery [86] 1170.88
  Aggravated assault [86] 3832.87
Property crime [86] 2,27016.99
  Burglary [86] 1,0577.91
  Larceny-theft [86] [note 4] 2,51318.81
  Motor vehicle theft [86] 4753.56
Arson [86] 510.38

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates
CityPopulation [87] Violent crimes [87] Violent crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Property crimes [87] Property crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Arcata 18,332723.9260533.00
Eureka 26,9731957.231,35050.05
Ferndale 1,36342.932417.61
Fortuna 12,317282.2731725.74
Rio Dell 3,392113.246117.98

Education

Salmon Creek Community School, Humboldt County, California Salmon Creek Community School, Humboldt County, CA.jpg
Salmon Creek Community School, Humboldt County, California

The List of schools in Humboldt County, California shows the many school districts, including charter and private schools, at the elementary and high school level. Post-secondary education is offered locally at the College of the Redwoods and California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt (Cal Poly Humboldt). Blue Lake's Dell'Arte International School of Physical Theatre offers accredited three-year Masters of Fine Arts degrees in Ensemble Based Physical Theatre. Humboldt County has the lowest starting teacher pay scale in the whole state of California. [88]

Media

Print

The Times-Standard is the only daily newspaper in the region; in continuous publication since 1854, and owned by Media News Group since 1996, [89] [90] They also print three weeklies: the Redwood Times, [91] the Tri-City Weekly, [92] and Northcoast 101. [93] Other local publications include The Independent, [94] [95] the North Coast Journal , [96] the Ferndale Enterprise, [97] the Two Rivers Tribune, [98] the Isis Scrolls, [99] and The Lumberjack . [100] The Arcata Eye [101] and the McKinleyville Press [102] merged in August 2013 to form the Mad River Union. [103]

Television

Humboldt County's locally produced television stations, NBC station KIEM and PBS station KEET, are based in Eureka. KIEM produces the only local TV newscast and KEET is the only PBS station in the region. Since 2017, CBS affiliate KVIQ has been a low-powered station operated as part of a duopoly with KIEM, sharing the same studios.

Fox affiliate KBVU, a semi-satellite of KCVU, is based in Chico and ABC affiliate KAEF, a semi-satellite of KRCR-TV, is based in Redding. In previous decades all major networks had production capacity in Eureka.

Radio

For-profit

Non-profit

Community media

Community broadband networks and public, educational, and government access (PEG) cable TV channels provide air time for local voices on Access Humboldt. [124] Cable TV channels are carried by Suddenlink Communications [125] and local programs are provided online through the Community Media Archive. [126] The Digital Redwoods initiative of Access Humboldt is developing local networks to meet comprehensive community needs, including public, education and government purposes. [127]

Transportation

Historic Fernbridge (1911) on the road to Ferndale - California State Route 211 Fernbridge.JPG
Historic Fernbridge (1911) on the road to Ferndale – California State Route 211

Major highways

Public transportation

Airports

Arcata-Eureka Airport is located in McKinleyville (north of Arcata). Commercial flights are available. Other general aviation airports are located at Dinsmore, Garberville, Kneeland, Murray Field (Eureka), Samoa Field and Rohnerville (Fortuna).

Seaport

The Port of Humboldt Bay is on Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay.

Events

NameMonthLocationCitation
Apple Harvest FestivalOctoberFortuna [129]
Arcata Oyster FestivalJuneArcata Plaza [130]
Azalea FestivalJuneMcKinleyville [131]
Avenue of the Giants Marathon MayHumboldt Redwood State Park [132]
Blackberry FestivalJulyWesthaven [133]
Blues by the BayJulyEureka [134]
Brew at the ZooMayEureka [135]
Chicken WingfestSeptemberEureka [136]
Craftsman's DaysNovemberEureka [137]
College of the Redwoods Wood FairJuneEureka [138]
Ferndale Concours on Main Car ShowSeptemberFerndale [139]
Ferndale Pet ParadeJuneFerndale [139]
Foggy Bottom Milk RunMarchFerndale [139]
Fortuna RodeoJulyFortuna [140]
Fourth of July FestivalJuly 4 Old Town Eureka [141]
Humboldt PrideSeptemberArcata [142]
Godwit Days (Birding festival)AprilArcata [143]
Humboldt Arts FestivalMayArcata/Blue Lake [144]
Humboldt County CupNovemberEureka [145]
Humboldt County FairAugustFerndale [146]
Humboldt Film FestivalMarch & AprilArcata [147]
Humboldt Juggling FestivalApril/MayArcata (HSU) [148]
Humboldt Redwoods Marathon OctoberSouthern Humboldt [149]
Kinetic Grand Championship MayArcata to Ferndale [150]
Lighted Tractor ParadeDecemberFerndale [139]
Lighting of America's Tallest Living Christmas TreeDecemberFerndale [139]
Lost Coast Kennel Club's Annual All Breed Show, Obedience, Rally, Agility Trails, Barn Hunt, FCATsJulyFerndale [139]
Mushroom FairNovemberArcata [151]
North Country FairSeptemberArcata [152]
Organic Planet FestivalSeptemberEureka [153]
Reggae on the RiverAugustFrench's Camp [154]
Redwood Acres FairJuneEureka [155]
Redwood AutoXpoJulyFortuna [156]
Redwood Coast Jazz FestivalMarchEureka [157]
Redwood RunJuneSouthern Humboldt [158]
Rhododendron Festival and ParadeAprilEureka [159]
Roll on the MattoleSummerMattole Grange [160]
Summer Arts and Music FestivalJuneBenbow [161]
Swauger's Station DayJulyLoleta [162]
Tour of Loleta (by Bicycle)JulyLoleta [163]
Tour of the Unknown Coast (by Bicycle)MaySouthern Humboldt [164]
Trinidad Fish FestivalJuneTrinidad [165]
Trinidad to Clam Beach Run FebruaryTrinidad [166]
Truckers Christmas ParadeDecemberEureka [167]
Two Rivers Harvest FestivalOctoberWillow Creek [168]
ZootiniAugustEureka [169]
Redwood Coast Up in Smoke BBQ CompetitionJuneBlue Lake [170]

Filming location

Ferndale, in southern Humboldt county, has been featured in such movies as The Majestic [171] and Outbreak . [172] [173] It has appeared in made-for-television movies including Salem's Lot , [172] A Death in Canaan , [172] and Joe Dirt. [174] It was also the location of the iconic "I'm a Pepper" commercial for Dr. Pepper. [175]

Additionally the following films were shot in Ferndale: the science fiction horror cult film She Demons (1958), [176] the award-winning short film Nonnie & Alex (1995), [177] and the comedy-drama Kingdom Come (2001). [178]

TV shows

Much of The WB's Hyperion Bay and the CBS show Blue Skies as well as an episode of Moonlighting were filmed in Humboldt County. The infamous Patterson-Gimlin film was filmed on Bluff Creek near Orleans, California.

Humboldt County has also been the subject of multiple documentary miniseries including Discovery Channel's Pot Cops and Netflix's Murder Mountain .

Humboldt County has also been featured in episodes of On the Case with Paula Zahn , The Profit , Hamilton's Pharmacopeia , Top Gear , The Tonight Show with Jay Leno , Survivorman , Diners, Drive-ins and Dives , Finding Bigfoot , Treehouse Masters , Rescue 911 , Walking With Dinosaurs , Somebody's Gotta Do It , Monsters Resurrected , Weediquette , Dan Rather Reports , Monster Fish, Beachfront Bargain Hunt, and many more. [179]

Ferndale was featured by Huell Howser in Road Trip Episode 149. [180]

Humboldt County has also been the filming location for countless national television advertisements, including many major car commercials. [179]

The Netflix series Virgin River is set in Humboldt County.

Books

In the book Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov there is a possible pun using the county's name (Humboldt) in connection to the main character's name (Humbert Humbert). This appears on page 108: "With the help of a guidebook I located [The Enchanted Hunters inn] in the secluded town of Briceland." This 'secluded town' could very well be a reference to the unincorporated Briceland of Humboldt County, making The Enchanted Hunters in 'Humboldt Land', continuing the novel's grotesque fairy-tale veneer. [181]

Communities

The Carson Mansion in Eureka (private) Carson Mansion Eureka California.jpg
The Carson Mansion in Eureka (private)

Cities

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

Indian reservations

Humboldt County has eight Indian reservations lying within its borders. Only four other counties in the United States have more: San Diego County, California; Sandoval County, New Mexico; Riverside County, California; and Mendocino County, California. The Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation is the largest in the state of California, a state that generally has small reservations (although numerous) relative to those in other states.

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Humboldt County. [182]

county seat

RankCity/town/etc.Municipal typePopulation (2020 Census)
1 Eureka City26,512
2 Arcata City18,857
3 McKinleyville CDP16,262
4 Fortuna City12,516
5 Myrtletown CDP4,882
6 Humboldt Hill CDP3,498
7 Rio Dell City3,379
8 Cutten CDP3,223
9 Pine Hills CDP3,186
10 Hoopa Valley Reservation [183] AIAN 3,173
11 Bayview CDP2,619
12 Willow Creek CDP1,720
13 Ferndale City1,398
14 Redway CDP1,247
15 Hydesville CDP1,244
16 Yurok Reservation [184] (partially in Del Norte County )AIAN1,236
17 Blue Lake City1,208
18 Westhaven-Moonstone CDP1,187
19 Loleta CDP828
20 Fieldbrook CDP827
21 Garberville CDP818
22 Shelter Cove CDP803
23 Manila CDP798
24 Indianola CDP791
25 Scotia CDP681
26 Karuk Reservation [185] AIAN578
27 Miranda CDP441
28 Benbow CDP422
29 Orick CDP328
30 Trinidad City307
31 Fields Landing CDP287
32 Samoa CDP229
33 Weott CDP219
34 Rohnerville Rancheria [186] AIAN208
35 Big Lagoon CDP161
36 (tie) Alderpoint CDP137
36 (tie) Trinidad Rancheria [187] AIAN137
38 Phillipsville CDP124
39 Table Bluff Reservation [188] AIAN120
40 Blue Lake Rancheria [189] AIAN112
41 Myers Flat CDP90
42 Redcrest CDP61
43 Big Lagoon Rancheria [190] AIAN17

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. Other = some other race + two or more races
  2. Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. 1 2 Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  4. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arcata, California</span> City in the United States

Arcata is a city adjacent to the Arcata Bay (northern) portion of Humboldt Bay in Humboldt County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, Arcata's population was 18,857. Arcata was first founded in 1850 as Union, was officially established in 1858, and was renamed Arcata in 1860. It is located 280 miles (450 km) north of San Francisco, and is home to California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt. Arcata is also the location of the Arcata Field Office of the Federal Bureau of Land Management, which is responsible for the administration of natural resources, lands and mineral programs, including the Headwaters Forest, on approximately 200,000 acres (810 km2) of public land in Northwestern California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eureka, California</span> City in California, United States

Eureka is a city and the county seat of Humboldt County, located on the North Coast of California. The city is located on U.S. Route 101 on the shores of Humboldt Bay, 270 miles (435 km) north of San Francisco and 100 miles (161 km) south of the Oregon border. At the 2020 census, the population of the city was 26,512. As of the 2010 census, the population of Greater Eureka was 45,034.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferndale, California</span> City in California, United States

Ferndale is a city in Humboldt County, California, United States. Its population was 1,481, up from 1,371 at the 2010 census. The city contains dozens of well-preserved Victorian storefronts and homes. Ferndale is the northern gateway to California's Lost Coast and the city, which is sited on the edge of a wide plain near the mouth of the Eel River, is also located near extensive preserves of coast redwood forests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fortuna, California</span> City in California, United States

Fortuna is a city on the northeast shore of the Eel River, approximately 9 miles (14 km) from where it enters the Pacific Ocean, and is on U.S. Route 101 in west-central Humboldt County, California, United States. The population was 12,516 at the 2020 census, up from 11,926 at the 2000 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McKinleyville, California</span> Census-designated place in California, United States

McKinleyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Humboldt County, California. McKinleyville is located 5.25 miles (8.4 km) north of Arcata, at an elevation of 141 feet (43 m). The population was 15,177 at the 2010 census, up from 13,599 at the time of the 2000 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garberville, California</span> Census-designated place in California, United States

Garberville is a census-designated place in Humboldt County, California. It is located on the South Fork of the Eel River 52 miles (84 km) south-southeast of Eureka, at an elevation of 535 feet (163 m). The population was 913 at the 2010 United States Census. It is approximately 200 miles (320 km) north of San Francisco, California, and within a fifteen-minute drive to Humboldt Redwoods State Park and a sixty-minute drive to Eureka, the county seat. Garberville is the primary town in the area known as the Mateel Region, consisting of parts of the Mattole and Eel River watersheds in southern Humboldt and northern Mendocino counties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bayside, California</span> Unincorporated community in California, United States

Bayside is an unincorporated community 2.25 miles (3.6 km) south-southeast of Arcata, at an elevation of 33 feet in Humboldt County, California. The ZIP Code is 95524, the area code is 707. The relatively large area was originally covered by large, ancient Coast Redwood trees down to what was the edge of a significantly larger Humboldt Bay at high tide. Later, the mammoth redwoods made it the natural placement of some of the area's earliest redwood lumber operations. A rock quarry was located in the area's hills, which form the beginning of the Coast Ranges, the source of water for an early public water system for the City of Arcata. Today, Bayside provides Arcata a buffer from Eureka's northward expansion along US Route 101 and the area, with the exception of some business and public buildings, is largely rural, with homes and small ranches dotting the landscape. Second growth forests exist mostly apart from cleared lands, which show some evidence of the extensive redwood forest that once existed in the form of large stumps. Some of the area's older Victorian era houses, are still present on the Old Arcata Road, the original main road connecting Arcata to Eureka. Jacoby Creek runs alongside a road of the same name from the hills in the direction of the Bay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mad River (California)</span> River in California, United States

The Mad River is a river in upper Northern California. It flows for 113 miles (182 km) in a roughly northwest direction through Trinity County and then Humboldt County, draining a 497-square-mile (1,290 km2) watershed into the Pacific Ocean north of the town of Arcata near [California Redwood Coast-Humboldt County Airport] in McKinleyville. The river's headwaters are in the Coast Range near South Kelsey Ridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Loleta, California</span> Place in California, United States

Loleta is a unincorporated community in Humboldt County, California. Loleta is located 5.5 miles (9 km) south of Fields Landing, and 15 miles (24 km) south of Eureka at an elevation of 46 feet (14 m). The population was 783 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Loleta as a census-designated place (CDP). Residents live in a central community area and rural outskirts. There are two separate Native American reservations on the rural outskirts of Table Bluff, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Coast (California)</span> Region of California, United States

The North Coast of California is a region in Northern California that lies on the Pacific coast between San Francisco Bay and the Oregon border. It commonly includes Mendocino, Humboldt, and Del Norte counties and sometimes includes Lake and two counties from the San Francisco Bay area, Marin and Sonoma.

Petrolia is an unincorporated community in Humboldt County, California, 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Cape Mendocino, at an elevation of 121 feet (37 m) above sea level, within ZIP Code 95558, and area code 707. Petrolia was the site of the first oil well drilled in California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fieldbrook, California</span> Census-designated place in California, United States

Fieldbrook is a census-designated place in Humboldt County, California. It is located 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Arcata, at an elevation of 203 feet (62 m). The population was 860 following the 2010 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samoa, California</span> Census-designated place in California, United States

Samoa is a census-designated place in Humboldt County, California. It is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northwest of Eureka, at an elevation of 23 feet. Samoa is located in the northern peninsula of Humboldt Bay and is the site of the Samoa Cookhouse, one of the last remaining original, lumber-camp style cookhouses. The name Samoa is used interchangeably with the peninsula it occupies. The population was 258 at the 2010 census.

The Big Lagoon Rancheria is a federally recognized tribe of Yurok and Tolowa Indians. They are located in Humboldt County, California, and their tribal headquarters is in Arcata, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frank P. Belotti</span> American politician

Frank P. Belotti was a Republican California State Assemblyman from 1951 to 1972. Due to redistricting, he represented both the 1st and 2nd Assembly districts over his career. A bridge, two parts of Route 101, and the main hall of the Humboldt County Fairgrounds are named for him.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bear River Band of the Rohnerville Rancheria</span> Indian tribe in California, United States

The Bear River Band of the Rohnerville Rancheria is a federally recognized tribe of Mattole, Bear River and Wiyot people in Humboldt County, California.

Albeeville is a former settlement in Klamath County, now located in Humboldt County, California. Albeeville was located on Redwood Creek, within an easy day's travel from Fort Gaston. The post office was named for Joseph Porter Albee, its first postmaster, who was murdered by Indians, and the Albeeville post office burned in November 1863.

Access Humboldt is a non-profit, community media organization formed in April 2006. It is a provider of Public-access television and FM Radio, operating from Humboldt County, California. It was initially formed to manage local cable franchise benefits on behalf of the County of Humboldt, California and the Cities of Eureka, Arcata, Fortuna, Rio Dell, Ferndale and Blue Lake. The community media center is based at the College of the Redwoods campus in Eureka, California. Access Humboldt seeks to deliver local voices via community media and is an active advocate in issues of community debate.

AIAN is an abbreviation used by the United States Census Bureau to count population within the Native American and Alaska Natives areas within the United States. The US Census uses other abbreviations such as CDP or census-designated places as well in determining populations within different states.

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Further reading

40°48′N123°48′W / 40.8°N 123.8°W / 40.8; -123.8