IIHF World Women's Championship

Last updated

IIHF World Women's Championship
Current season, competition or edition:
Hockey current event.svg 2024 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
Sport Ice hockey
Founded1990;34 years ago (1990),
1990 IIHF Women's World Championship
No. of teams
  • 10 in Top Division
  • 12 in Division I
  • 10 in Division II
  • 7 in Division III
Most recent
champion(s)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada (13th title)
Most titlesFlag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada (13 titles)
Official website IIHF.com

The IIHF World Women's Championship, officially the IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship, is the premier international tournament in women's ice hockey. It is governed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).

Contents

The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90s. [1] From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were European Championships and in 1995 and 1996 a Pacific Rim Championship. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in 1998 onward, the Olympic tournament was played instead of the IIHF Championships. Afterwards, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level. [2] In September 2021, it was announced that the top division will also play during Olympic years and in August-September. [3]

Canada and the United States have dominated the Championship since its inception. Canada won gold at the first eight consecutive tournaments and the United States has won gold at ten of the last fifteen tournaments. Both national teams placed either first or second every tournament until Canada's streak was broken at the 2019 Championship. Finland is the third most successful World Championship team, having won fourteen bronze medals and one silver medal – achieved after breaking the Canadian gold-silver streak. Four other teams have medalled at a Women's World Championship: Russia, winning three bronze medals; Czech Republic and Sweden, each winning two; and Switzerland, winning one.

Structure and qualification

The women's tournament began as an eight-team tournament featuring Canada, the US, the top five from the 1989 European Championships, and one Asian qualifier. The same formula was used for 1992, 1994, and 1997, but changed following the first Olympic women's ice hockey tournament at the 1998 Nagano Olympics. The top five teams from the Olympic tournament qualified for the 1999 World Championship, followed by the best three from final Olympic qualification rounds. Beginning in 1999, the championship became an annual tournament and the first divisional tournaments below the Top Division were played. Along with the creation of the lower divisions, a system of promotion and relegation was introduced, allowing for movement between all divisions.

After the 2017 tournament, it was announced that tournament would expand to 10 teams for 2019, having been played with 8 teams since the first tournament in 1990, except in 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009, where 9 teams played. The 2004 edition featured 9 teams when Japan was promoted from Division II but no team was relegated from the Top Division in 2003, due to the cancellation of the top division tournament in China because of the outbreak of the SARS disease. [4] Two teams were relegated from the Top Division in 2004, going back to 8 teams for 2005, but due to the success of the 9-team pool in 2004, IIHF decided to expand again to 9 teams for 2007. [5] IIHF reverted to 8 teams after the 2009 tournament, and play continued in this format until the expansion of 2019. [6]

Championship format

Initially, the tournament was an eight-team tournament divided into two groups, which played round-robin. The top two from each group played off for the gold, and beginning in 1999 the bottom two played off to determine placement and relegation. In 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009 the tournament was played with nine nations, using three groups of three playing round-robin. In this format first place from each group continued on to play for gold, second place from each group played for placement and an opportunity to still play for bronze, and the third place teams played off to determine relegation. Beginning in 2011, the tournament changed the format to encourage more equal games. The top four seed nations played in Group A, where the top two teams got a bye to the semifinals, the bottom two go to the quarter-finals to face the top two finishers from Group B. The bottom two from Group B then play each other in a best of three to determine relegation. Beginning in 2019 the tournament was expanded to ten teams, bringing with it a new format. The ten teams are divided into two groups of five and play round-robin. In this format, the five teams in Group A and the top three teams from Group B move into the Quarterfinals, seeded A1vsB3, A2vsB2, A3vsB1, and A4vsA5. The bottom two from Group B now play only one 9th place game and both get relegated. As of 2021, the four teams that lose their quarterfinal games enter into a knockout tournament to determine 5th place with the winner earning a spot in Group A for the next tournament, [7] though the 2024 tournament will not include these games. [8]

Lower divisions

Outside of the Top Division tournament, participating nations play in groups of no more than six teams. As of 2022, there are six group tiers across three divisions below the Top Division. [9]

Introduced in 1999 as a Division I tournament and Division I qualification tournament, the number of lower divisions rapidly expanded as more national teams gained admittance. By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six teams each, called Division I, Division II, and Division III, with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.

Rules and eligibility

The rules of play are essentially the same as used for the men's tournaments, with one key difference: body checking is not permitted in the women's tournaments. Body checking was allowed at the first championship in 1990 but has been assessed as a minor penalty at all subsequent tournaments.

In order to be eligible to compete in IIHF events, players must be under the jurisdiction of the governing body they are representing and must be a citizen of that country. Additionally, the player must be eighteen years old, or sixteen with a medical waiver, in the season the tournament takes place. [10]

Tournaments

YearHost city/citiesFinalThird place match
ChampionsScoreRunners-upThird placeScoreFourth place
1990 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Ottawa Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
5–2Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
6–3Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
1992 Flag of Finland.svg Tampere Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
8–0Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
5–4Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
1994 Flag of the United States.svg Lake Placid Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
6–3Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
8–1Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
China
1997 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Kitchener Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
4–3
(OT)
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
3–0Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
China
1998Competition not held during 1998 Olympics
1999 Flag of Finland.svg Espoo/Vantaa Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
3–1Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
8–2Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
2000 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Mississauga Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
3–2
(OT)
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
7–1Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
2001 Flag of the United States.svg Minneapolis Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
3–2Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
2–1Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2002Competition not held during 2002 Olympics
2003 Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China
2004 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Halifax/Dartmouth Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
2–0Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
3–2Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
2005 Flag of Sweden.svg Linköping/Norrköping Flag of the United States.svg
United States
1–0
(SO)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
5–2Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2006Competition not held during 2006 Olympics
2007 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Winnipeg/Selkirk Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
5–1Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
1–0Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2008 Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Harbin Flag of the United States.svg
United States
4–3Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
4–1Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
Switzerland
2009 Flag of Finland.svg Hämeenlinna Flag of the United States.svg
United States
4–1Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
4–1Flag of Sweden.svg
Sweden
2010Competition not held during 2010 Olympics
2011 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Zürich/Winterthur Flag of the United States.svg
United States
3–2
(OT)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
3–2
(OT)
Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
2012 Flag of the United States.svg Burlington Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
5–4
(OT)
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
Switzerland
6–2Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2013 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Ottawa Flag of the United States.svg
United States
3–2Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
2–0Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2014 Competition not held at top level during 2014 Olympics
2015 Flag of Sweden.svg Malmö Flag of the United States.svg
United States
7–5Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
4–1Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
2016 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Kamloops Flag of the United States.svg
United States
1–0
(OT)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
1–0
(SO)
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
2017 Flag of the United States.svg Plymouth Flag of the United States.svg
United States
3–2
(OT)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
8–0Flag of Germany.svg
Germany
2018 Competition not held at top level during 2018 Olympics
2019 Flag of Finland.svg Espoo Flag of the United States.svg
United States
2–1
(SO)
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
7–0Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
2020 Competition at top level, Division I, and Division II Group A was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Calgary Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
3–2
(OT)
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
3–1Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
Switzerland
2022 Flag of Denmark.svg Herning/Frederikshavn Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
2–1
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg
Czechia
4–2Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
Switzerland
2023 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Brampton Flag of the United States.svg
United States
6–3
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg
Czechia
3–2Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
Switzerland
2024 Flag of the United States.svg Utica, New York Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg
Canada
6–5
(OT)
Flag of the United States.svg
United States
Flag of Finland.svg
Finland
3–2
(SO)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg
Czechia
2025 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg České Budějovice
2026 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg TBD [11]
2027
2028
2029
2030 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg TBD [11]

Participation

CountryTournamentsFirstLastGoldSilverBronzeTotalBest finish (first/last)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 23 1990 2024 1391231st (1990/2024)
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 23 1990 2024 10130231st (2005/2023)
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 23 1990 2024 0114152nd (2019)
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 17 1997 2021 00333rd (2001/2016)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechia 8 2013 2024 00223rd (2022/2023)
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 22 1990 2024 00223rd (2005/2007)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 19 1990 2024 00113rd (2012)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 12 1992 2024 00004th (1994/1997)
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 18 1990 2024 00004th (2017)
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 12 1990 2024 00005th (2022)
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 4 1990 1997 00006th (1990/1994)
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan 5 2001 2011 00006th (2009)
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 4 1992 2024 00007th (1992)
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia 2 2011 2012 00007th (2011)
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 3 2021 2023 00008th (2022)
Flag of France.svg  France 2 2019 2023 000010th (2019/2023)

Medals (1990-2024)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 139123
2Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1013023
3Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 011415
4Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 0033
5Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic 0022
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 0022
7Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 0011
Totals (7 entries)23232369

Awards

At most IIHF events, the tournament directorate awards the Best Forward, Best Defenceman, Best Goalkeeper and Most Valuable Player (MVP). At the Women's World Championship, these honours have been awarded in some combination since the first tournament, with the exception of 1997 and the cancelled tournaments in 2003 and 2020.

All-time record

as of end of 2024 IIHF Women's World Championship

RTeamAppCF34GPWLTOTLSOLPtGFGAGD
1 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 23139101189916021165700157543
2 Flag of the United States.svg United States 231013001189911152179758169589
3 Flag of Finland.svg Finland 23011461226550223106419313106
4 Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 2100261095148442112311351-40
5 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland 18001491325213354187394-207
6 Flag of Russia.svg Russia 17003387295123249170382-212
7 Flag of Germany.svg West Germany (1990) / Germany (1992–)17000182284826053143347-204
8 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic 7002039221401250101956
9 Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 11000251172940127123234-111
10 Flag of Japan.svg Japan 1000005413370222882240-158
11 Flag of Norway.svg Norway 4000020415100342123-81
12 Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia 20000103600131227-15
13 Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 300001439020102555-30
14 Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 300001321100021652-36
15 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan 4000023219101219126-107
16 Flag of France.svg France 2000081700021039-29

Lower division tournaments

YearGroup BQualification for Group B
Host city/citiesWinnerHost city/citiesWinner
1999 Colmar, FranceFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Székesfehérvár, Hungary;
Pyongyang, North Korea;
Almaty, Kazakhstan
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan
2000 Riga and Liepāja, LatviaFlag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Dunaújváros and Székesfehérvár, HungaryFlag of North Korea.svg  North Korea
Division IDivision IIDivision IIIDivision IVDivision V
Host cityWinnerHost city/citiesWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinner
2001 Briançon, FranceFlag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Qualification: Bucharest, Romania;
Maribor, Slovenia
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia
2003 Ventspils, LatviaFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Lecco, ItalyFlag of Norway.svg  Norway Maribor, SloveniaFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
2004 Ventspils, LatviaFlag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Sterzing, ItalyFlag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Maribor, SloveniaFlag of Austria.svg  Austria
2005 Romanshorn, SwitzerlandFlag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Asiago, ItalyFlag of Norway.svg  Norway Cape Town, South AfricaFlag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Dunedin, New ZealandFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea
2007 Nikkō, JapanFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Pyongyang, North KoreaFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Sheffield, United KingdomFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Miercurea Ciuc, RomaniaFlag of Croatia.svg  Croatia
2008 Ventspils, LatviaFlag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Vierumäki, FinlandFlag of Austria.svg  Austria Miskolc, HungaryFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain Miercurea Ciuc, RomaniaFlag of Iceland.svg  Iceland
2009 Graz, AustriaFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Torre Pellice, ItalyFlag of Latvia.svg  Latvia
2011 Ravensburg, GermanyFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Caen, FranceFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Newcastle, AustraliaFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Reykjavík, IcelandFlag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Sofia, BulgariaFlag of Poland.svg  Poland
Division I ADivision I BDivision II ADivision II BDivision II B Qualification
Host cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinner
2012 Ventspils, LatviaFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Kingston upon Hull, United KingdomFlag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Maribor, SloveniaFlag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Seoul, South KoreaFlag of Poland.svg  Poland
2013 Stavanger, NorwayFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Strasbourg, FranceFlag of France.svg  France Auckland, New ZealandFlag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Puigcerdà, SpainFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea İzmir, TurkeyFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
2014 Přerov, Czech RepublicFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Ventspils, LatviaFlag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Dumfries, United KingdomFlag of Italy.svg  Italy Jaca, SpainFlag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Mexico City, MexicoFlag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
2015 Rouen, FranceFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Beijing, ChinaFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Asiago, ItalyFlag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Reykjavík, IcelandFlag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Kowloon, Hong KongFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
2016 Aalborg, DenmarkFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Asiago, ItalyFlag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Bled, SloveniaFlag of Poland.svg  Poland Jaca, SpainFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Sofia, BulgariaFlag of Romania.svg  Romania
2017 Graz, AustriaFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Katowice, PolandFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Gangneung, South KoreaFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Akureyri, IcelandFlag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Taipei, TaiwanFlag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg  Chinese Taipei
2018 Vaujany, FranceFlag of France.svg  France Asiago, ItalyFlag of Italy.svg  Italy Maribor, SloveniaFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Valdemoro, SpainFlag of Spain.svg  Spain Sofia, BulgariaFlag of Croatia.svg  Croatia
2019 Budapest, HungaryFlag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Beijing, ChinaFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Dumfries, United KingdomFlag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Brașov, RomaniaFlag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg  Chinese Taipei Cape Town, South AfricaFlag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine
Division I ADivision I BDivision II ADivision II BDivision III
Host cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinner
2020 Angers, France [a] Katowice, Poland [a] Jaca, Spain [a] Akureyri, IcelandFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Sofia, BulgariaFlag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
2021 Angers, France [a] Beijing, China [a] Jaca, Spain [a] Zagreb, Croatia [a] Kaunas, Lithuania [a]
Division I ADivision I BDivision II ADivision II BDivision III ADivision III B
Host cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinnerHost cityWinner
2022 Angers, FranceFlag of France.svg  France Katowice, PolandFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Jaca, SpainFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain Zagreb, CroatiaFlag of Iceland.svg  Iceland Sofia, BulgariaFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Belgrade, SerbiaFlag of Estonia.svg  Estonia
2023 Shenzhen, ChinaFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Suwon, South KoreaFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Mexico City, MexicoFlag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Cape Town, South AfricaFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Brașov, RomaniaFlag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong Tnuvot, IsraelFlag of Serbia.svg  Serbia
2024 Klagenfurt, AustriaRiga, LatviaFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Canillo, AndorraFlag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Istanbul, TurkeyFlag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Zagreb, CroatiaFlag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Kohtla-Jarve, EstoniaFlag of Thailand.svg  Thailand

Notes:

See also

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References

  1. "IIHF World Women's Championships". International Ice Hockey Federation . Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
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Works cited