Iron chloride

Last updated April 10, 2019

Iron chloride can refer to

Iron(II) chloride (ferrous chloride, iron dichloride), FeCl₂
Iron(III) chloride (ferric chloride, iron trichloride), FeCl₃

Iron(II) chloride, also known as ferrous chloride, is the chemical compound of formula FeCl₂. It is a paramagnetic solid with a high melting point. The compound is white, but typical samples are often off-white. FeCl₂ crystallizes from water as the greenish tetrahydrate, which is the form that is most commonly encountered in commerce and the laboratory. There is also a dihydrate. The compound is highly soluble in water, giving pale green solutions.

Iron(III) chloride (FeCl
3), also called ferric chloride, is an industrial scale commodity chemical compound with iron in the +3 oxidation state. The compound also exist as a hexahydrate with the formula trans-[Fe(H
2O)
4Cl
2]Cl · 2H₂O normally written as FeCl
3 · 6H
2O. The anhydrous compound is a crytalline solid with a melting point of 307.6 °C. The color depends on the viewing angle: by reflected light the crystals appear dark green, but by transmitted light they appear purple-red. The hexahydrate has a melting point of 37 °C and appears orange-brown in color. In nature, iron(III) chloride is known as the mineral molysite, but it is rare and mainly found from some fumaroles. It is however an industrial scale commodity.

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