Juan Cardenas (b. at Seville, 1613; d. 6 June 1684) was a Spanish Jesuit moral theologian and author. He entered the Society of Jesus at the age of fourteen, and during many years held in it the office of rector, master of novices, and provincial.
Cardenas is chiefly remembered for his contributions to moral theology, which won praise from Alphonsus Ligouri. His controversial two-part "Crisis theologica bipartita, sive Desputationes selectæ" (Lyons, 1670), with an added supplement in the 1680 edition, argued against Laxism and Rigorism in favor of Probabilism. The Venetian editions of 1694, 1700, and 1710 combined the three previous parts with an explanation of the propositions condemned by the pope in 1679; this last has often been published separately under the title: Crisis theologica in qua plures selectæ difficultates ex morali theologia ad lydium veritatis lapidem revocantur ex regula morem positâ a SS. D.N. Innocentis XI P.M., etc.
Cardenas also composed several small ascetical treatises, including:
He additionally wrote two pious biographies:
Pedro Calderón de la Barca was a Spanish dramatist, poet, writer and knight of the Order of Santiago. He is known as one of the most distinguished Baroque writers of the Spanish Golden Age, especially for his plays.
Juan Eusebio Nieremberg y Ottín was a Spanish Jesuit, polymath and mystic.
Francisco Hernández de Toledo was a naturalist and court physician to Philip II of Spain. He was among the first wave of Spanish Renaissance physicians practicing according to the revived principles formulated by Hippocrates, Galen and Avicenna.
Casiodoro de Reina or de Reyna was a Spanish theologian who translated the Bible into Spanish.
Nicolás Bautista Monardes was a Spanish physician and botanist.
Manuel Chaves Nogales was a Spanish journalist and writer. Politically he was a moderate left-wing republican democrat who defined himself as "antifascist and antirevolutionary". As such, he was an enthusiastic supporter of the Second Spanish Republic.
Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange was a French Dominican friar, philosopher and theologian. Garrigou-Lagrange was a neo-Thomist theologian, recognized along with Édouard Hugon and Martin Grabmann as distinguished theologians of the 20th century. As professor at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, he taught dogmatic and spiritual theology in Rome from 1909 to 1959. There he wrote The Three Ages of the Interior Life in 1938.
Miguel Venegas (1680–1764) was a Jesuit administrator and historian. He is most known for his book Noticia de la California, a standard geographical, historical, and ethnographic description of Baja California, Mexico—a region he never personally visited.
Juan Maldonado was a Spanish Jesuit theologian and exegete.
Joseph Cassani was a Spanish Catholic historian.
Diego de Torres Villarroel was a Spanish writer, poet, dramatist, doctor, mathematician, priest and professor of the University of Salamanca. His most famous work is his autobiography, Vida, ascendencia, nacimiento, crianza y aventuras del Doctor Don Diego de Torres Villarroel.
Juan Martínez de Ripalda was a Spanish Jesuit theologian.
Antonio Ruiz de Montoya, SJ was a Jesuit priest and missionary in the Paraguayan Reductions.
Alphonsus (Alonso) Rodriguez was a Spanish Jesuit priest and spiritual writer. His writings, a single book, underline much the ascetical dimension of religious life.
Diego Ruiz de Montoya was a Spanish Jesuit theologian.
Luis de Lossada (1681–1748) was a Spanish Jesuit theologian and philosophical writer.
George Gobat was a French Jesuit theologian.
Jacinto Barrasa was a Peruvian Jesuit preacher and historian.
Diego de Avendaño, was a Peruvian Jesuit, a theologian, jurist and moral philosopher. He was the author of the monumental Thesaurus Indicus, a study of the legal and moral issues typical of life in the Spanish-American colonies.