Kreis Fellin

Last updated April 16, 2019

Kreis Fellin (Viljandi kreis, Феллинский уезд) was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate (in present-day southern Estonia). Its capital was Viljandi (Fellin). The territory of Kreis Fellin corresponds to the most part of the present-day Viljandi County and parts of Järva, Jõgeva and Valga counties.^[1]

The Governorate of Livonia was one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, now divided between the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia.

The Russian Empire, also known as Imperial Russia or simply Russia, was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland with Finland on the other side, to the west by the Baltic Sea with Sweden on the other side, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km). The territory of Estonia consists of a mainland and 2,222 islands in the Baltic Sea, covering a total area of 45,227 km² (17,462 sq mi), water 2,839 km² (1,096 sq mi), land area 42,388 km² (16,366 sq mi), and is influenced by a humid continental climate. The official language of the country, Estonian, is the third most spoken Finno-Ugric language.

Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Kreis Fellin had a population of 99,747. Of these, 97.1% spoke Estonian, 1.8% German, 0.5% Russian, 0.3% Yiddish, 0.1% Latvian and 0.1% Romani as their native language.^[2]

The Russian Imperial Census of 1897 was first and only census carried out in the Russian Empire. It recorded demographic data as of 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897.

Estonian language Finno-Ugric language spoken in Estonia

The Estonian language is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people: 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 outside Estonia. It is a Southern Finnic language and is the second most spoken language among all the Finnic languages.

German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German-speaking Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein. It is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg and a co-official language in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland. The languages which are most similar to German are the other members of the West Germanic language branch: Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Yiddish. There are also strong similarities in vocabulary with Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, although those belong to the North Germanic group. German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English.

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Wiek County was one of the four counties of the Russian Empire located in the Governorate of Estonia. It was situated in the western part of the governorate. Its capital was Haapsalu (Hapsal). The territory of Kreis Wiek corresponds to the present-day Lääne and Hiiu counties, the westernmost part of Rapla County and a small part of Pärnu County.

Jerwen County was one of the four counties of the Russian Empire located in the Governorate of Estonia. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its capital was Paide (Weissenstein). The territory of Kreis Jerwen corresponds to most of the present-day Järva County and small parts of Lääne-Viru and Rapla counties.

Harrien County was one of the four counties of the Russian Empire located in the Governorate of Estonia. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its capital was Tallinn (Reval), which was the capital of the governorate as well. The territory of Kreis Harrien corresponds to the present-day Harju County and most parts of Rapla County.

Kreis Ösel was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Kuressaare (Arensburg). It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate. The territory of Kreis Ösel corresponds to the present-day Saare County.

Kreis Pernau was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate. The territory of Kreis Pernau corresponds to most of the present-day Pärnu County and parts of Viljandi and Rapla counties.

Kreis Dorpat was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its capital was Tartu (Dorpat). The territory of Kreis Dorpat corresponds to the present-day Tartu County, most of Jõgeva County, parts of Põlva and Valga counties and a small part of Ida-Viru County.

Kreis Werro was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its capital was Võru (Werro). The territory of Kreis Werro corresponds to the present-day Võru County, most of Põlva County and parts of Valga County.

Kreis Walk was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its capital was Walk, nowadays divided between two cities and two countries.

Kreis Riga was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Riga, which was the capital of the governorate as well. Kreis Riga was situated in the southern part of the governorate.

Kreis Wenden was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Cēsis (Wenden). It was situated in the central part of the governorate.

Kreis Wolmar was one of the nine subdivisions of the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Valmiera (Wolmar). It was situated in the central part of the governorate.

Doblen County was one of the ten subdivisions of the Courland Governorate of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Dobele (Doblen). Kreis Doblen was situated in the central part of the governorate.

Windau County was one of the ten subdivisions of the Courland Governorate of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Ventspils (Windau). Kreis Windau was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate.

References

↑ "Portaal "Eesti mõisad" - Sinu teejuht mõisamaailma". Mois.ee. Retrieved 2014-01-08.
↑ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". Demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2014-01-08.

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[1] "Portaal "Eesti mõisad" - Sinu teejuht mõisamaailma". Mois.ee. Retrieved 2014-01-08.

[2] "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". Demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2014-01-08.