List of Category 1 Pacific hurricanes

Last updated

Hurricane Hone at peak intensity on August 25, 2024. Hone 2024-08-25 1137Z.jpg
Hurricane Hone at peak intensity on August 25, 2024.

Category 1 is the lowest classification on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, and categorizes tropical cyclones with 1-minute maximum sustained winds between 64 and 82 knots (74 and 94 mph; 119 and 152 km/h; 33 and 42 m/s). Tropical cyclones that attain such winds and move over land while maintaining those winds are capable of causing minor to moderate damage to human lives and infrastructure. As of 2021, a total of 242 hurricanes have peaked at Category 1 strength within the Northeast Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the part of the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the International Date Line. Collectively, Category 1 hurricanes have killed at least 912 people. This does not include storms that also attained Category 2, 3, 4, or 5 status on the scale.

Contents

A combination of many factors serve to influence the development of tropical cyclones in the Northeastern Pacific basin. During the winter and early spring months from December to April, a high-pressure area known as the North Pacific High and a low-pressure area known as the Aleutian Low are present over the Northeastern Pacific, producing strong upper-level winds which inhibit tropical cyclone formation. During the late spring, summer, and fall months from May to November, these effects are reduced or may even vanish altogether, while sea surface temperatures are warm enough to support the development, perhaps even rapid, of tropical cyclones. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation plays a major role in the strength of trade winds and the sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific. During El Niño events, trade winds are weaker and sea surface temperatures are warmer, allowing for the development of more cyclones as well as more intense hurricanes, while the effects of La Niña are the opposite.

Background

Tracks of all known Category 1 Pacific hurricanes from 1949 to 2018 in the central and eastern Pacific basins Map of Pacific Category 1 hurricanes.png
Tracks of all known Category 1 Pacific hurricanes from 1949 to 2018 in the central and eastern Pacific basins

On the Saffir–Simpson scale, a hurricane reaches Category 1 status when it attains maximum sustained winds of between 64 and 82 knots (74 and 94 mph; 119 and 152 km/h; 33 and 42 m/s). [1] The National Hurricane Center (NHC) takes sustained winds to be the average wind speed measured over the period of one minute at the height of 10 metres (33 ft) above the ground. [2] Should a Category 1 hurricane make landfall, its strongest winds can cause moderate damage to human infrastructure, especially to older buildings. [1]

The Northeast Pacific tropical cyclone basin is defined as the region of the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the International Date Line. The Northeast Pacific is further divided into two sub-basins, namely the east and central Pacific. The east Pacific runs east of the 140th meridian west, and tropical cyclones occurring there are warned upon by the National Hurricane Center, the current Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) for that area. The central Pacific, running from the 140th meridian west to the International Date Line, currently has the Central Pacific Hurricane Center as its RSMC. [3] Tropical cyclones are generally much rarer in the central Pacific than in the east Pacific, with an average of just four to five storms forming or moving into the central Pacific compared to around 15 for the east Pacific. [4] [5] All tropical cyclones recorded by past and present RSMCs of the Northeast Pacific basin since 1949 are listed in the Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database (HURDAT), which is compiled and maintained by the National Hurricane Center. [6] [7]

Before 1970, tropical cyclones within the Northeast Pacific were classified into three categories: tropical depression, tropical storm, and hurricane; these were assigned intensities of 30 mph (48 km/h), 50 mph (80 km/h), and 85 mph (137 km/h) respectively. Exceptions to these rules would be storms that affected humans and as such humans were able to measure or estimate wind speeds or pressure data. [6]

Climatology

Hurricane Manuel of 2013, the second costliest tropical cyclone on record in the Northeastern Pacific Manuel Sept 18 2013 1800Z.jpg
Hurricane Manuel of 2013, the second costliest tropical cyclone on record in the Northeastern Pacific

In the east Pacific and central Pacific sub-basins, hurricane season begins on May 15 and June 1, respectively, with both concluding on November 30. [8] Since 1949, a total of 242 Category 1 hurricanes have developed in the Northeast Pacific basin. Only two have occurred in the off-season: Nina (1957) and Winnie (1983). In addition to those, seven systems have been at Category 1 intensity in May, 31 in June, 47 in July, 57 in August, 70 in September, 37 in October, and seven in November. [7]

The majority of tropical cyclones form and organize in areas of warm sea surface temperatures, usually of at least 26.5  °C (79.7  °F ) and low vertical wind shear; however, there are outliers to this general rule, such as storms that manage to intensify despite high amounts of vertical wind shear. When a pre-existing tropical disturbance – usually a tropical wave or a disturbance originating in the Intertropical Convergence Zone – enters an area where the aforementioned conditions are present, the disturbance can develop into a tropical cyclone, provided it is far enough from the equator to experience a sufficiently strong Coriolis force, which causes the counterclockwise rotation of hurricanes in the Northern Hemisphere. [9] Between the months of December and April, sea surface temperatures in the tropics, where most Northeast Pacific tropical cyclones develop, are usually too low to support significant development. Also, the presence of a semi-permanent high-pressure area known as the North Pacific High in the eastern Pacific greatly reduces tropical cyclone development in the winter months, as the North Pacific High results in vertical wind shear that causes environmental conditions to be unconducive to tropical cyclone formation. Another factor preventing tropical cyclones from forming during the winter is the presence of a semi-permanent low-pressure area called the Aleutian Low between January and April. Its effects in the central Pacific near the 160th meridian west cause tropical waves that form in the area to move northward into the Gulf of Alaska. As the disturbances travel northward, they dissipate or transition into an extratropical cyclone. The Aleutian Low's retreat in late April allows the warmth of the Pacific High to meander in, bringing its powerful clockwise wind circulation with it. During the month of May, the Intertropical Convergence Zone migrates southward while vertical shear over the tropics decrease. As a result, the earliest tropical waves begin to form, [10] coinciding with the start of the eastern Pacific hurricane season on May 15. [8] During summer and early fall, sea surface temperatures rise further, reaching 29 °C (84 °F) in July and August, well above the 26.5 °C (79.7 °F) threshold for the formation and intensification of tropical cyclones. This allows for tropical cyclones developing during that time to strengthen significantly, perhaps even rapidly. [10]

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation also influences the frequency and intensity of hurricanes in the Northeast Pacific basin. During El Niño events, sea surface temperatures increase in the Northeast Pacific and vertical wind shear decreases. Because of this, an increase in tropical cyclone activity occurs; the opposite happens in the Atlantic basin during El Niño, where increased wind shear creates an unfavorable environment for tropical cyclone formation. [11] Contrary to El Niño, La Niña events increase wind shear and decreases sea surface temperatures over the eastern Pacific, while reducing wind shear and increasing sea surface temperatures over the Atlantic. [10]

Within the Northeast Pacific, the easterly trade winds cause tropical cyclones to generally move westward out into the open Pacific Ocean. Only rarely do tropical cyclones forming during the peak months of the season make landfall. Closer to the end of the season, the subtropical ridge steers some storms northwards or northeastwards. Storms influenced by this ridge may bring impacts to the western coasts of Mexico and occasionally even Central America. In the central Pacific basin, the North Pacific High keeps tropical cyclones away from the Hawaiian Islands by forcing them southwards. [10] Combined with cooler waters around the Hawaiian Islands that tend to weaken tropical cyclones that approach them, this makes direct impacts on the Hawaiian Islands by tropical cyclones rare. [12]

Systems

Key
NameDates as a
Category 1 hurricane [nb 2] 		Duration
(hours)		Sustained
wind speeds		PressureAreas affectedDeathsDamage
(USD) [nb 3] 		Refs
Four September 9–11, 19495485 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Baja California Peninsula #—Unknown [7]
Six September 29, 19491285 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Socorro Island —— [7]
One June 14–19, 195012685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico —— [7]
Two July 3–6, 19507885 mph (140 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico, Baja California —— [7]
Three July 9–12, 19507885 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Hiki August 16–19, 19509085 mph (140 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Hawaii 1$200 thousand [7] [15]
Six August 26–30, 195010285 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Seven October 1–3, 19505485 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Two June 1–2, 19513085 mph (140 km/h)UnknownSouthern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Eight September 23–28, 195112685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Four July 24–27, 19527885 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Five September 15–20, 195212685 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Baja California, California —— [7]
Seven October 13–15, 19525485 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Three September 14–17, 19537885 mph (140 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Baja California Sur, Western Mexico —— [7]
Four October 2–8, 195315085 mph (140 km/h)991 hPa (29.26 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Three July 12–17, 195413885 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Baja California, California, Arizona #—Unknown [7]
Four July 25 – August 1, 195418685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Nine September 27 – October 1, 195410285 mph (140 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico —— [7]
Eleven October 26 – November 1, 195415085 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Guatemala, Southern Mexico —— [7]
One June 6–8, 19556685 mph (140 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Six October 15–16, 19553085 mph (140 km/h)999 hPa (29.50 inHg)§Southwestern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
One May 18–19, 19563085 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [7]
Three June 9, 19561885 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Four June 12–14, 19564285 mph (140 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)Southern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Five July 9–12, 19567885 mph (140 km/h)999 hPa (29.50 inHg)§None—— [7]
Seven August 22–25, 195672†85 mph (140 km/h)997 hPa (29.44 inHg)§None—— [7]
Nine September 4–6, 19566685 mph (140 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Ten September 12–17, 195611485 mph (140 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Kanoa July 15–26, 195727085 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Hawaii —— [16]
Three August 9–15, 195716285 mph (140 km/h)972 hPa (28.70 inHg)None—— [7]
Della September 4–9, 195713285 mph (140 km/h)‡980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Hawaii —— [16]
Six September 17–18, 19574885 mph (140 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)Southern Mexico #7Unknown [7] [17]
Ten October 1–5, 195710285 mph (140 km/h)996 hPa (29.41 inHg)§ Baja California Peninsula, Western Mexico 2Unknown [7] [18]
Eleven October 17–20, 19576685 mph (140 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Nina November 30 – December 5, 195714485 mph (140 km/h)< 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg)§ Hawaii 4$100 thousand [16] [19] [20]
One June 6–15, 1958216†85 mph (140 km/h)995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Baja California Sur, Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Three July 19–21, 19586685 mph (140 km/h)1002 hPa (29.59 inHg)§None—— [7]
Four July 21–25, 195810285 mph (140 km/h)1005 hPa (29.68 inHg)§None—— [7]
June September 20, 19581275 mph (120 km/h)963 hPa (28.44 inHg)None—— [7]
Eleven September 30 – October 5, 195812685 mph (140 km/h)960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Western Mexico, New Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Ten September 4–11, 195917485 mph (140 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, California #—Unknown [7]
Twelve September 21–26, 195911485 mph (140 km/h)967 hPa (28.56 inHg)None—— [7]
Celeste July 20–22, 19606085 mph (140 km/h)994 hPa (29.35 inHg)Southwest Mexico —— [7]
Diana August 17–20, 196084†85 mph (140 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)§Western Mexico, Baja California —— [7]
Estelle August 29 – September 9, 196028285 mph (140 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Guatemala, Southern Mexico, Southern California —— [7]
Fernanda September 3–8, 196013885 mph (140 km/h)999 hPa (29.50 inHg)§ Guatemala, Southwestern Mexico —— [7]
Gwen October 4–5, 1960Unknown85 mph (140 km/h)1000 hPa (29.53 inHg)§None—— [21]
Hyacinth October 21–23, 19604285 mph (140 km/h)989 hPa (29.21 inHg)Southwestern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Iva June 9–11, 19614285 mph (140 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)Southern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Tara November 10–12, 19616685 mph (140 km/h)996 hPa (29.41 inHg)Southern Mexico #436$16 million [7] [22] [23] [24]
Valerie June 24–25, 19625485 mph (140 km/h)1003 hPa (29.62 inHg)§Southwestern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Doreen October 1–4, 19629085 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Baja California Sur, Western Mexico, New Mexico, Arizona, West Texas #—Unknown [7]
Emily June 29–30, 19634285 mph (140 km/h)996 hPa (29.41 inHg)Southern Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Florence July 14–17, 19637885 mph (140 km/h)996 hPa (29.41 inHg)None—— [7]
Glenda July 19–21, 19635485 mph (140 km/h)997 hPa (29.44 inHg)None—— [7]
Mona October 17–19, 19634285 mph (140 km/h)961 hPa (28.38 inHg)Western Mexico #—Unknown [7]
Emily August 31 – September 1, 19652490 mph (150 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg) Baja California #—Unknown [7]
Adele June 23–24, 19663085 mph (140 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg)Southern Mexico #—Extensive [7] [25]
Blanca August 5, 19661885 mph (140 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Connie August 13–15, 19665485 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg) Hawaii —— [7]
Dolores August 18–19, 19662485 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg)None—— [7]
Eileen August 26–27, 19663685 mph (140 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Francesca September 6–9, 19667285 mph (140 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg) California —— [7]
Helga September 12–14, 19663685 mph (140 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Baja California, California, Western Mexico #1Unknown [7] [26]
Carlotta June 24–25, 19674285 mph (140 km/h)UnknownWestern Mexico —— [7]
Jewel August 19, 19672485 mph (140 km/h)997 hPa (29.44 inHg)None—— [7]
Katrina August 31 – September 2, 19676085 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Baja California, Western Mexico, Arizona #1Extensive [7] [27]
Lily September 6–9, 19677885 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg)None—— [7]
Priscilla October 16–18, 19675485 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Fernanda August 8–9, 19683685 mph (140 km/h)1000 hPa (29.53 inHg)§None—— [7]
Joanne August 24–25, 19683685 mph (140 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)None—— [7]
Liza August 29 – September 2, 19688485 mph (140 km/h)998 hPa (29.47 inHg) California —$5 thousand [7] [28]
Naomi September 11–13, 19683685 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Mexico, Texas #4$16 million [7] [29]
Pauline September 30 – October 2, 19684885 mph (140 km/h)1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Mexico, Southwestern United States #5— [7] [30]
Rebecca October 8–9, 19681885 mph (140 km/h)965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Mexico —— [7]
Bernice July 12–14, 19694885 mph (140 km/h)1004 hPa (29.65 inHg)None—— [7]
Doreen August 5–6, 19693085 mph (140 km/h)993 hPa (29.32 inHg)None—— [7]
Glenda September 10, 1969675 mph (120 km/h)993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Mexico —— [7]
Jeniffer October 10–11, 19694275 mph (120 km/h)991 hPa (29.26 inHg)Western Mexico #1Extensive [7] [31]
Adele June 1–3, 19707285 mph (140 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)None—— [7]
Dot September 3, 19701280 mph (130 km/h)993 hPa (29.32 inHg)None—— [7]
Carlotta July 3–4, 19712485 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [7]
Lily August 30–31, 19712485 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Southwestern Mexico #12–14Unknown [7] [32] [33]
Annette June 4–5, 19722485 mph (140 km/h)993 hPa (29.32 inHg)Southwestern Mexico #—— [7]
Estelle August 19, 19722480 mph (130 km/h)1004 hPa (29.65 inHg)§None—— [7]
Ruby November 14, 1972‡680 mph (130 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Florence July 29, 19731890 mph (150 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Lillian October 7–9, 19733085 mph (140 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [7]
Dolores June 16, 19742480 mph (130 km/h)973 hPa (28.73 inHg)Southwestern Mexico #18–28$4 million [7] [34] [35] [36]
Francesca July 18–19, 19741875 mph (120 km/h)973 hPa (28.73 inHg)None—— [7]
Joyce August 24–25, 19743685 mph (140 km/h)973 hPa (28.73 inHg)None—— [7]
Kirsten August 23–25, 19744285 mph (140 km/h)973 hPa (28.73 inHg)None—— [7]
Norma September 10, 1974675 mph (120 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)Southwestern Mexico #3— [7] [37]
Patricia October 7–11, 19749090 mph (150 km/h)964 hPa (28.47 inHg)None—— [7]
Agatha June 4, 19751280 mph (130 km/h)1005 hPa (29.68 inHg)§Southwestern Mexico —Unknown [7]
Jewel August 27, 1975675 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [7]
Twelve September 4–5, 19751875 mph (120 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg) British Columbia, Yukon, Alaska, Washington, Oregon —— [7]
Lily September 18–20, 19754885 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Socorro Island —— [7]
Bonnie June 27, 19761875 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [38]
Kathleen September 10, 1976680 mph (130 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Southern California, Arizona, Nevada #12$160 million [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]
Claudia July 4, 19771890 mph (150 km/h)UnknownNone—— [43]
Doreen August 14–16, 19773675 mph (120 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Mexico, Southwestern United States #8$25 million [43] [44]
Heather October 5–6, 19773685 mph (140 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Arizona —$14.6 million [43] [45]
Aletta May 31, 1978675 mph (120 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico #—Unknown [46]
Iva August 13, 19781875 mph (120 km/h)Unknown Hawaii —— [46]
Miriam August 28–29, 19782490 mph (150 km/h)UnknownNone—— [46]
Olivia September 22, 19781875 mph (120 km/h)Unknown Central America #UnknownUnknown [46]
Rosa October 4–5, 19784285 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Baja California Sur —— [46]
Guillermo September 11–12, 19791275 mph (120 km/h)994 hPa (29.35 inHg)None—— [47]
Celia June 26–28, 19804875 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [48]
Georgette July 29, 1980675 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [48]
Beatriz June 30 – July 3, 19816085 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [49]
Dora July 13–15, 19816690 mph (150 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [49]
Greg August 20, 19811275 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [49]
Hilary August 25–26, 19813085 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Socorro Island —— [49]
Jova September 15–18, 19816685 mph (140 km/h)Unknown Hawaii —— [49]
Otis October 26–29, 19817285 mph (140 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico #—— [49]
Fabio July 19–20, 19827280 mph (130 km/h)UnknownNone—— [50]
Hector July 30–31, 19823075 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [50]
Kristy August 10–15, 1982†6090 mph (150 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg)None—— [50]
Miriam August 31 – September 4, 19829685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [50]
Iwa November 23–24, 19824290 mph (150 km/h)968 hPa (28.59 inHg) Hawaii 4$312 million [51] [52] [53] [54]
Gil July 26–29, 19837890 mph (150 km/h)Unknown Hawaii 1Minimal [51] [55]
Winnie December 6, 19832490 mph (150 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico —— [51]
Boris May 30, 1984675 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [56]
Lowell August 27–29, 19843685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [56]
Marie September 7–9, 19846090 mph (150 km/h)UnknownNone—— [56]
Marty August 9, 19851875 mph (120 km/h)UnknownNone—— [57]
Olaf August 26–28, 19855485 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [57]
Pauline September 4–8, 19859685 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [57]
Nele October 25–30, 198511490 mph (150 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Hawaii —— [57]
Agatha May 26, 19861875 mph (120 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico —— [58]
Celia June 27–29, 19864285 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [58]
Frank July 30 – August 1, 19866085 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [58]
Newton September 21–23, 19866685 mph (140 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Baja California Sur, Southwestern Mexico #—Minimal [58]
Orlene September 22–23, 19864280 mph (130 km/h)UnknownNone—— [58]
Greg July 31 – August 1, 19872480 mph (130 km/h)UnknownSouthwestern Mexico —Unknown [59]
Lidia September 1–2, 19872485 mph (140 km/h)UnknownNone—— [59]
Norma September 17, 19871275 mph (120 km/h)Unknown Baja California Sur —— [59]
Carlotta July 11–12, 19881875 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [60]
Kristy August 31 – September 2, 19886090 mph (150 km/h)976 hPa (28.82 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [61]
Barbara June 18, 19892480 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)None—— [62]
Cosme June 21–22, 19892485 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Mexico, East Texas #30Unknown [63]
Dalilia July 13–19, 198914490 mph (150 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Hawaii —Minimal [64]
Gil July 31 – August 2, 19893685 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)Southwestern Mexico —— [65]
Lorena September 1, 19891275 mph (120 km/h)989 hPa (29.21 inHg)None—— [66]
Alma May 15–16, 19903085 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [67]
Boris June 5–6, 19903690 mph (150 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico —— [68]
Elida June 28–29, 19903680 mph (130 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Revillagigedo Island —— [69]
Fausto July 8–10, 19905485 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [70]
Kenna August 25–27, 19907285 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [71]
Lowell August 27–28, 19903675 mph (120 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)None—— [72]
Norbert September 14–15, 19904280 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)None—— [73]
Polo September 30, 19901275 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [74]
Delores June 25–26, 19914285 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)Guerrero, Colima—— [75]
Enrique July 17, 1991675 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [76]
Guillermo October 5–7, 19914880 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)None—— [77]
Marty October 10–12, 19916080 mph (130 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Guerrero, Colima —— [78]
Javier August 5–6, 19923080 mph (130 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [79]
Lester August 22–23, 19921880 mph (130 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Baja California, Northwestern Mexico, Southwestern United States #3$3 million [80] [81]
Paine September 13–14, 19922475 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [82]
Seymour September 19–23, 199266†85 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [83]
Adrian June 15–16, 19933685 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [84]
Li August 12, 1994675 mph (120 km/h)1007 hPa (29.74 inHg)None—— [85] [86]
Ileana August 12–13, 19941275 mph (120 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)None—— [87]
Cosme July 19–20, 19951875 mph (120 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [88]
Flossie October 10–12, 19954880 mph (130 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)Baja California Peninsula1$5 million [89] [90]
Ismael September 14–15, 19952480 mph (130 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)Northern Mexico#116$26 million [91] [92]
Boris June 29–30, 19962490 mph (150 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)Mexico#10— [93]
Hernan October 2–3, 19963085 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Western Mexico, Texas #1— [94] [95]
Dolores July 7–10, 19976690 mph (150 km/h)975 hPa (28.79 inHg)None—— [96]
Isis September 2–3, 19981275 mph (120 km/h)988 hPa (29.18 inHg)Baja California Peninsula, Northern Pacific Coast of Mexico, Southwestern United States, Northwestern United States #14$10 million [97]
Kay October 13–14, 19981275 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [98]
Madeline October 17–19, 19984285 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Texas31$750 million [99]
Greg September 6–7, 19992475 mph (120 km/h)986 hPa (29.12 inHg)Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula#10— [100] [101]
Hilary October 20, 19991275 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Baja California Peninsula—— [102]
Gilma August 8, 20001880 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)None—— [103]
Hector August 14–15, 20003080 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)None—— [104]
Dalila July 24, 2001675 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula1$1 million [105]
Kiko September 23, 2001675 mph (120 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)None—— [106]
Narda October 21–22, 20013085 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [107]
Octave November 1–2, 20012485 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [108]
Huko October 28 – November 3, 2002102†85 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [109]
Linda September 15, 20031275 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [110]
Olaf October 5, 2003675 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Mexico#—Minimal [111]
Patricia October 21–22, 20032480 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)None—— [112]
Celia July 22, 20041885 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg)None—— [113]
Frank August 23–25, 20043685 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Baja California Peninsula —— [114]
Isis September 15, 2004675 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)None—— [115]
Adrian May 19, 2005680 mph (130 km/h)982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras #5$12 million [116] [117] [118] [119]
Fernanda August 11–14, 20057285 mph (140 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)None—— [120]
Max September 20–21, 20053085 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg)None—— [121]
Carlotta July 13–15, 200648†85 mph (140 km/h)981 hPa (28.97 inHg)None—— [122]
Kristy August 31 – September 1, 20062480 mph (130 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [123]
Cosme July 16, 2007675 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Hawaii —Minimal [124]
Henriette September 4–5, 20074285 mph (140 km/h)972 hPa (28.70 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula #11$25 million [125]
Ivo September 20–21, 20074280 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg) Baja California Peninsula —— [126]
Boris July 1–2, 200836†80 mph (130 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [127]
Fausto July 18–21, 20087890 mph (150 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Clarion Island, Socorro Island —Minimal [128]
Genevieve July 25–26, 20081875 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Hawaii —— [129]
Marie October 3–4, 20082480 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)None—— [130]
Andres June 23, 20091880 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Honduras 5$231 thousand [131] [132] [133]
Linda September 9–10, 20093080 mph (130 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [134]
Frank August 25–27, 20105490 mph (150 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico6$8.3 million [135] [136] [137]
Beatriz June 20–21, 20111890 mph (150 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico4Minimal [138]
Calvin July 8–9, 20111880 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)None—— [139]
Greg August 18–19, 20113685 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [140]
Gilma August 8–9, 20122480 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)None—— [141]
Ileana August 30–31, 20124285 mph (140 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)None—— [142]
Lane September 17–18, 20123085 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [143]
Barbara May 29, 2013680 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg) Central America, Southwestern Mexico, Eastern Mexico#5$1 million [144]
Cosme June 25–26, 20133085 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula 3Minimal [145] [146] [147] [148]
Dalila July 2–3, 20133080 mph (130 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico—Minimal [149]
Erick July 6–7, 20133680 mph (130 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula 2Moderate [150]
Gil July 31 – August 2, 20134885 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None—— [151]
Kiko September 1, 20131275 mph (120 km/h)989 hPa (29.21 inHg) Baja California Peninsula —— [152]
Manuel September 19, 20131875 mph (120 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg) Mexico, Texas #123$4.2 billion [153] [154]
Hernan July 27–28, 20141275 mph (120 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)None—— [155]
Karina August 14–24, 201442†75 mph (120 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)None—— [156]
Lowell August 21, 20141285 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [157]
Polo September 18, 20141875 mph (120 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula 1$7.5 million [158] [159]
Rachel September 27–29, 20143685 mph (140 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)None—— [160]
Ana October 17–25, 201478†85 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Hawaii, Western Canada, Alaskan Panhandle —Minimal [161]
Carlos June 13–17, 201572†90 mph (150 km/h)978 hPa (28.88 inHg)Southwestern and Western Mexico #—$1 million [162] [163]
Loke August 24–25, 20152475 mph (120 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Hawaii —— [164]
Marty September 28–29, 20151880 mph (130 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Southwestern and Western Mexico —$30 million [165] [166]
Frank July 26–27, 20161885 mph (140 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Nayarit —— [167]
Newton September 5–7, 20164290 mph (150 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico, Southwestern United States #9$9.6 million [168] [169] [170]
Paine September 19–20, 20162490 mph (150 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States —Minimal [171]
Ulika September 28, 20161275 mph (120 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)None—— [172]
Irwin July 25–26, 20173690 mph (150 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg)None—— [173]
Max September 14, 20171290 mph (150 km/h)980 hPa (28.94 inHg)Southern Mexico #1$19.8 million [174]
Norma September 16, 20171275 mph (120 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Baja California Peninsula —— [175]
Alvin June 28, 2019675 mph (120 km/h)992 hPa (29.29 inHg)None—— [176]
Flossie July 30–31, 20192380 mph (130 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Hawaii —— [177]
Lorena September 18, 20191280 mph (130 km/h)990 hPa (29.23 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Revillagigedo Islands, Baja California Peninsula #—— [178]
Enrique June 26–28, 20215490 mph (150 km/h)975 hPa (28.79 inHg)Southwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula #3—
Hilda August 1–3, 20216085 mph (140 km/h)985 hPa (29.09 inHg)None——
Nora August 28–29, 20213085 mph (140 km/h)977 hPa (28.85 inHg)Western Mexico#3$125 million
Pamela October 12–13, 20211275 mph (120 km/h)987 hPa (29.15 inHg)Western Mexico#3$10 million
Blas June 15–18, 20226690 mph (150 km/h)976 hPa (28.82 inHg)Southwestern Mexico 4Minimal
Estelle July 17–19, 20225485 mph (140 km/h)984 hPa (29.06 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands ——
Frank July 30 – August 1, 20225490 mph (150 km/h)975 hPa (28.79 inHg)None——
Howard August 8–10, 20223085 mph (140 km/h)983 hPa (29.03 inHg)Revillagigedo Islands——
Beatriz June 30 – July 1, 20231885 mph (140 km/h)991 hPa (29.26 inHg)Western Mexico1Minimal
Carlotta July 31 – August 4, 20244290 mph (150 km/h)979 hPa (28.91 inHg) Clarion Island ——
Hone August 22–26, 202490 mph (150 km/h)988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Hawaii None$8.05 million [179]
Barbara June 9–10, 202575 mph (120 km/h)991 hPa (29.26 inHg)Southwestern Mexico——
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure: [7]

Landfalls

Landfalls by month
MonthNumber of storms
May
3
June
10
July
1
August
6
September
26
October
16
November
1

Out of the 237 Category 1 hurricanes in the east and central Pacific, 47 have made landfall as a tropical cyclone, collectively resulting in 63 landfalls. As tropical cyclones tend to weaken before landfall due to the effects of land interaction, only 34 Category 1 hurricanes actually made landfall while still at Category 1 strength. Fourteen storms made two landfalls and one made three. Multiple Category 1 hurricanes made landfall only in 10 years; there were no more than two landfalling storms in a single year. [7]

NameYearCategory 1Tropical stormTropical depressionRefs
Four 1949 Baja California Sur state (September 11)—— [7]
Two 1951 Guerrero state (June 1)—— [7]
Three 1954 Baja California Sur state (July 17)—— [7]
Six 1955 Jalisco state (October 16)—— [7]
Six 1957 Guerrero state (September 18)—— [7]
Ten 1957 Baja California Sur state (October 4), Sonora state (October 5)—— [7]
Eleven 1958 Baja California Sur state (October 4), Sonora state (October 5)—— [7]
Ten 1959 Baja California Sur state (October 3, October 4) Baja California state (October 5)— [7]
Iva 1961 Guerrero state (June 11)—— [7]
Tara 1961 Guerrero state (November 12)—— [7]
Valerie 1962 Sinaloa state (June 25)—— [7]
Doreen 1962 Sinaloa state (October 4)—— [7]
Emily 1963 Guerrero state (June 30)—— [7]
Mona 1963 Sinaloa state (October 18)—— [7]
Emily 1965 —— Baja California state (September 5) [7]
Adele 1966 Michoacán state (June 24)—— [7]
Helga 1966 — Baja California Sur state (September 15) Sonora state (September 16) [7]
Katrina 1967 Baja California Sur state (August 31) Sinaloa state (September 2)— [7]
Naomi 1968 Sinaloa state (September 13)—— [7]
Pauline 1968 Baja California Sur state (October 2) Sonora state (October 3)— [7]
Jennifer 1969 Sinaloa state (September 13)—— [7]
Lily 1971 Jalisco state (August 31)—— [180]
Annette 1972 — Colima state (June 7)— [181]
Dolores 1974 Guerrero state (June 16)—— [7]
Norma 1974 — Guerrero state (September 10)— [7]
Kathleen 1976 — Baja California Sur state, Baja California state (September 10)— [7]
Doreen 1977 Baja California Sur state (August 15) Baja California Sur state (August 16)— [7]
Aletta 1978 — Guerrero state (May 31)— [7]
Olivia 1978 — Oaxaca state (September 22)— [7]
Otis 1981 — Sinaloa state (October 30)— [7]
Newton 1986 Sonora state (September 23)—— [7]
Cosme 1989 Guerrero state (June 22)—— [63]
Lester 1992 Baja California Sur state (August 23) Sonora state (August 23)— [80]
Ismael 1995 Sinaloa state (September 15)—— [91]
Boris 1996 Guerrero state (June 29)—— [93]
Hernan 1996 Jalisco state (October 3)— Nayarit state (October 4) [94]
Isis 1998 Sinaloa state (September 3) Baja California Sur state (September 2)— [97]
Greg 1999 — Baja California Sur state (September 7)— [100]
Olaf 2003 — Colima state (October 7)— [111]
Adrian 2005 —— Honduras (May 20) [116]
Henriette 2007 Baja California Sur state (September 4) Sonora state (September 6)— [125]
Barbara 2013 Chiapas state (May 29)—— [144]
Manuel 2013 Sinaloa state (September 19) Michoacán state (September 15)— [153]
Carlos 2015 — Jalisco state (June 17)— [162]
Newton 2016 Baja California Sur state (September 6) Sonora state (September 7)— [168]
Max 2017 Guerrero state (September 14)—— [174]
Lorena 2019 Jalisco state (September 19), Baja California Sur state (September 21)—— [178]
Nora 2021 Jalisco state (August 27)
Pamela 2021 Sinaloa state (October 13)——

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Prior to 1988 for the Eastern Pacific and 2001 for the Central Pacific, [13] pressure data was only able from direct measurements by reconnaissance aircraft that penetrated the storm or reports from ships and land-based weather stations, or estimates derived from satellite imagery. [14] Should any reading or estimate be available, the lowest is listed below.
  2. ↑ Dates are given in Coordinated Universal Time.
  3. ↑ All damage values are in USD of their respective years.

References

  1. 1 2 Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  2. ↑ Landsea, Christopher W (April 21, 2006). "TCFAQ D4) What does "maximum sustained wind" mean? How does it relate to gusts in tropical cyclones?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2014-10-09. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  3. ↑ Landsea, Christopher W (June 1, 2018). "TCFAQ F1) What regions around the globe have tropical cyclones and who is responsible for forecasting there?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  4. ↑ "CPHC Climatology". Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2012-09-27. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  5. ↑ "Background Information: East Pacific Hurricane Season". Climate Prediction Center. May 27, 2015. Archived from the original on 2009-05-09. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  6. 1 2 Blake, Eric S; Gibney, Ethan J; Brown, Daniel P; Mainelli, Michelle; Franklin, James L; Kimberlain, Todd B; Hammer, Gregory R (2009). Tropical Cyclones of the Eastern North Pacific Basin, 1949-2006 (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 11, 2024. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 26, 2024). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2023". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. A guide on how to read the database is available here. PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. 1 2 Dorst, Neal (June 2, 2016). "TCFAQ G1) When is hurricane season?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Archived from the original on May 6, 2009. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
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  11. ↑ Graham, Steve; Riebeek, Holli (November 1, 2006). "Hurricanes: The Greatest Storms on Earth: Feature Articles". Earth Observatory . United States: National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on May 6, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
  12. ↑ Belles, Jonathan (August 3, 2018). "Hawaii Hurricanes: How Unusual Are They?". The Weather Channel . Archived from the original on August 20, 2018. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
  13. ↑ Landsea, Chris; Franklin, James; Blake, Eric; Tanabe, Ray (February 2016). "Eastern and Central Pacific HURDAT Format" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  14. ↑ Brown, Gail M; Leftwhich, Preston W Jr (August 1982). A Compilation of Eastern and Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Data (PDF) (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC 16). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 1, 2013. Retrieved July 27, 2013.
  15. ↑ R. K. Chun (1952). Flood of August 1950 in the Waimea area Kauai, Hawaii (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: United States Geological Survey . Retrieved 1 June 2014.
  16. 1 2 3 The 1957 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season (Report). Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  17. ↑ Staff Writer (19 September 1957). "Mexican Storm Kills 7; U.S. Citizen Electrocuted by Fallen Wire at Acapulco". The New York Times. p. 15.
  18. ↑ Staff Writer (7 October 1957). "Tropical Storm Causes Two Deaths in Mexico". The Hartford Courant.
  19. ↑ "The Daily Review of December 2". Hayward Daily Review. Associated Press. 1957.
  20. ↑ "Hurricane Hits the Hawaiian Islands; 1,100 Flee Homes". The Lowell Sun. Associated Press. 1957.
  21. ↑ "Mariners Weather Log". National Weather Bureau. 27 April 1961. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  22. ↑ Staff Writer (14 November 1961). "80 Killed in Hurricane Lashing Mexican Coast". United Press International. Archived from the original on 9 December 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  23. ↑ Staff Writer (18 November 1961). "Mexico Struck Hard By Storm". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2009.
  24. ↑ Staff Writer (19 November 1961). "Mexican Cyclone Areas Win Relief By Airlift". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2009.
  25. ↑ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (1966). "JTWC Report of 1966" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 8 October 2008.
  26. ↑ Long Beach California Independent (1966). "Effects of Helga (Sea Action)" . Retrieved 8 October 2008.[ permanent dead link ]
  27. ↑ Storm Damage Aid to Mexican Village [ permanent dead link ]
  28. ↑ "Staircase to Nowhere". Independent. 1968. Retrieved 24 May 2008.[ dead link ]
  29. ↑ "Evacuees Returning Home As Floods Ebb in Durango". Corpus Christi Times. 1968. Retrieved 15 May 2009.[ dead link ]
  30. ↑ "Boat Listed as Lost With Family of 5". Independent. Associated Press. 1968.
  31. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-01-23. Retrieved 2019-10-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  32. ↑ "Hurricane Lily is Over Mexico". Cumberland News. Associated Press. 1971. Retrieved 27 May 2009.[ dead link ]
  33. ↑ "At Least 3 Dead As Storm Lashes Mexican Resort". Albuquerque Journal. Associated Press. 1971. Retrieved 27 May 2009.[ dead link ]
  34. ↑ "Ciclones Tropicales". Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (in Spanish). Secretaría De Gobernación. 2011. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  35. ↑ "Hurricane kills 22 in Acapulco". United Press International. The Vancouver Sun. 19 June 1974. p. 48. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  36. ↑ "Hurricane kills nine". The Windsor Star. Associated Press. 18 June 1974. p. 40. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  37. ↑ Baum, Robert A. (April 1975). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones, 1974. Part 1". Monthly Weather Review. 103 (4). American Meteorological Society: 301–304. Bibcode:1975MWRv..103..301B. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1975)103<0301:ENPTCP>2.0.CO;2 .
  38. 1 2 Gunther, Emil B. Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1976 (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1977)105<0508:EPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  39. ↑ "A History of Significant Local Weather Events" (PDF). National Weather Service Forecast Office San Diego, California. Retrieved 2 February 2007.
  40. ↑ "Tropical Storm Winding Down". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque. 1976. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  41. ↑ "At least three persons killed in California-Arizona duelge". Eugene Register-Guard. Los Angeles. Associated Press. 12 September 1976. Retrieved 31 December 2011.
  42. ↑ "An Overview of Los Angeles Climate" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmosheirc Administration. Retrieved 31 January 2006.
  43. 1 2 3 Gunther, Emil B. (1978). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1977". Monthly Weather Review. 106 (4). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 546–558. Bibcode:1978MWRv..106..546G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1978)106<0546:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  44. ↑ Associated Press and United Press International (18 August 1977). "8 Killed as Storm Strikes California". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 11 August 2011.
  45. ↑ Floods of October 1977 in Southern Arizona and March 1978 in Central Arizona (PDF) (Report). United States Geological Survey. 1984. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  46. 1 2 3 4 5 Gunther, Emil B. (1979). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1978". Monthly Weather Review. 107 (7). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 911–927. Bibcode:1979MWRv..107..911G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107<0911:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  47. ↑ Gunther, Emil B. (1980). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1979". Monthly Weather Review. 108 (5). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 631–641. Bibcode:1980MWRv..108..631G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0631:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  48. 1 2 Gunther, Emil B. (1981). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1980". Monthly Weather Review. 109 (8). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 1701–1712. Bibcode:1981MWRv..109.1701G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<1701:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gunther, Emil B. (1982). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1981". Monthly Weather Review. 110 (7). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 839–851. Bibcode:1982MWRv..110..839G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1982)110<0839:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  50. 1 2 3 4 Gunther, E. B.; Cross, R. L.; Wagoner, R. A. (1983). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1982". Monthly Weather Review. 111 (5). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 1080–1102. Bibcode:1983MWRv..111.1080G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1983)111<1080:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  51. 1 2 3 Gunther, E. B.; Cross, R. L. (1984). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1983". Monthly Weather Review. 112 (7). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 1419–1440. Bibcode:1984MWRv..112.1419G. doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1419:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2 .
  52. ↑ Blake, Eric S.; Rappaport, Edward N.; Landsea, Christopher W. (April 2007). "The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2006 (and Other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts)" (PDF). p. 26. Retrieved 11 April 2007.
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  64. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Dalilia (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
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  73. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Norbert (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  74. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Polo (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
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  76. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Enrique (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  77. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Guillermo (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
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  79. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Javier (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
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  83. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Seymour (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  84. ↑ Preliminary Report: Hurricane Adrian (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
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  87. ↑ Mayfield, Max. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Ileana (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  88. ↑ Lawrence, Miles B. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Cosme (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
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  92. ↑ Sun-Sentinel Wire Services (1995). "Hurricane Toll in Mexico Passes 100; Marilyn Fades". National Hurricane Center . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved 5 November 2006.
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  94. 1 2 Pasch, Richard J. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Hernan (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  95. ↑ "Hurricane Hernan Rumbles Up Coast". The Gadsden Times . Associated Press. 3 October 2006. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  96. ↑ Rappaport, Edward N. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Dolores (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  97. 1 2 Pasch, Richard J. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Isis (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  98. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Kay (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  99. ↑ Mayfield, Max. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Madeline (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  100. 1 2 Avila, Lixion A. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Greg (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  101. ↑ "Hurricane Greg hits Mexico". BBC News . 7 September 1999. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  102. ↑ Lawrence, Miles B. Preliminary report: Hurricane Hilary (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
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  105. ↑ Lawrence, Miles B. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dalila (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  106. ↑ Pasch, Richard J. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Kiko (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  107. ↑ Avila, Lixion. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Narda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  108. ↑ Lawrence, Miles B. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Octave (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  109. ↑ Nash, Andy; Rosendal, Hans; Bingamin, Brooke; Loos, Treena; Fournier, Jeff; Houston, Sam; Franklin, James. 2002 Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Summary (PDF) (Report). Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  110. ↑ Beven, Jack. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Linda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  111. 1 2 Lawrence, Miles B. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Olaf (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  112. ↑ Pasch, Richard J. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Patricia (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  113. ↑ Stewart, Stacy R. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Celia (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  114. ↑ Roberts, LT David P.; Lawrence, Miles B. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Frank (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  115. ↑ Franklin, James L.; Roberts, David P. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Isis (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  116. 1 2 Knabb, Richard A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Adrian (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  117. ↑ "El Salvador, Honduras escape hurricane's wrath". CBC News. 21 May 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2005.
  118. ↑ El Diario de Hoy (21 May 2005). "Estiman $12 millones en pérdidas por Adrián" (in Spanish). Nationales. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
  119. ↑ Diego Mendez (20 May 2005). "El Salvador awaits Hurricane Adrian's arrival". Independent Online. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
  120. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fernanda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  121. ↑ Knabb, Richard D. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Max (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  122. ↑ Franklin, James L. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Carlotta (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  123. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Kristy (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  124. ↑ Mainelli, Michelle. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Cosme (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  125. 1 2 Knabb, Richard D. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Henriette (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  126. ↑ Franklin, James L. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ivo (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  127. ↑ Blake, Eric S. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Boris (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  128. ↑ Beven II, John L. Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  129. ↑ Clark, Jessica Schauer; Rhome, Jamie R. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Genevieve (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  130. ↑ Stewart, Stacy R. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Marie (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  131. ↑ Brown, Daniel P. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Andres (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  132. ↑ Staff Writer (24 June 2009). "Roza primer huracán del año y mueren tres" (in Spanish). Excelsior. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 30 July 2009.
  133. ↑ "Con inversión superior a los 3 mdp, benefician a enramaderos de LC" (in Spanish). Gobierno del Estado de Michoacán. 9 July 2009. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
  134. ↑ Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Linda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  135. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Frank (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  136. ↑ CNN wire staff (26 August 2010). "Hurricane Frank leaves death, destruction behind as it moves off shore". CNN. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2011.{{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  137. ↑ Sandra Pacheco (14 September 2010). "Necesarios más de 100 mdp para atender emergencia: URO" (in Spanish). CNX Oaxaca. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
  138. ↑ Kimberlain, Todd B. Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  139. ↑ Stewart, Stacy R. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Calvin (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  140. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Greg (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  141. ↑ Schauer, Jessica; Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Gilma (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  142. ↑ Stewart, Stacy R.; Bozeman, Monica L. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ileana (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  143. ↑ Pasch, Richard J.; Zelinsky, David A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Lane (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  144. 1 2 Brown, Daniel P. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Barbara (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  145. ↑ Blake, Eric. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Cosme (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  146. ↑ "Cosme se vuelve huracán y afecta a Guerrero". Zocalo Saltillo. 25 June 2013. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  147. ↑ Alfredo Quiles (27 June 2013). "Aumentan daños en playas de Colima por Cosme". El Universal. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  148. ↑ Adriana Covarrubias (25 June 2013). "Huracán Cosme deja dos muertos en Guerrero". El Universal. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  149. ↑ Pasch, Richard J. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dalila (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  150. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Erick (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  151. ↑ Beven II, John L.; Houston, Sam. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Gil (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  152. ↑ Brown, Daniel P. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Kiko (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  153. 1 2 Pasch, Richard J.; Zelinsky, David A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Manuel (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  154. ↑ September 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap (PDF). AON Benfield (Report). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  155. ↑ Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Hernan (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  156. ↑ Brown, Daniel P. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Karina (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  157. ↑ Blake, Eric S. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Lowell (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  158. ↑ Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  159. ↑ "Polo deja daños por más de 100 mdp en Guerrero". El Financiero. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  160. ↑ Landsea, Christopher W.; Kimberlain, Todd B. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Rachel (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  161. ↑ Powell, Jeff. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ana (PDF) (Report). Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  162. 1 2 Beven II, John L.; Landsea, Christopher W. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Carlos (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  163. ↑ "Tormenta causada por huracán Carlos hundió yate de Jorge Kahwagi en Acapulco". SPDnoticias.com (in Spanish). Mexico City. 18 June 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
  164. ↑ Wroe, Derek. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Loke (PDF) (Report). Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  165. ↑ Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Marty (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  166. ↑ "Damnificados al sur de Sonora por huracán Marty". La Izquierda Diario (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  167. ↑ Avila, Lixion A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Frank (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  168. 1 2 Berg, Robbie. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Newton (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  169. ↑ "Torrential rains cause damage in Mulegé". Mexico News Daily. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  170. ↑ "'Newton' dejó daños por 700 mdp en BCS". SDP Noticias. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  171. ↑ Blake, Eric S. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Paine (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  172. ↑ Beven II, John L. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ulika (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  173. ↑ Zelinsky, David A. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Irwin (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  174. 1 2 Pasch, Richard J. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Max (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  175. ↑ Beven II, John L.; Landsea, Christopher W. Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Norma (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  176. ↑ Latto, Andrew S. (22 August 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Alvin (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  177. ↑ "Hurricane FLOSSIE Advisory Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  178. 1 2 Avila, Lixion (30 October 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Lorena (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  179. ↑ Event:High Wind in Windward Haleakala, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  180. ↑ William J. Denney (17 January 1972). Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1971 (PDF) (Report). NOAA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  181. ↑ Robert A. Baum (16 January 1973). "Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1972" (PDF). NOAA (FTP). Retrieved 23 December 2018.[dead ftp link](To view documents see Help:FTP)
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