List of Presidents of the Bharatiya Janata Party

Last updated
President of the Bharatiya Janata Party
Amit Shah.Jpg
Incumbent
Amit Shah
since 9 July 2014
Typepolitical office
Member of
  • National Executive of the Bharatiya Janata Party
  • Parliamentary Board of the Bharatiya Janata Party
Residence 6-A, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi
AppointerElectoral College
consisting the members of the Bharatiya Janata Party from the National and State Councils
Term length three years
not more than two consecutive terms
Constituting instrumentConstitution of the Bharatiya Janata Party
Formation6 April 1980
First holder Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(1980–1986)
Deputy Jagat Prakash Nadda [1]
(working president)
Website www.bjp.org

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of two major parties in the Indian political system, along with the Indian National Congress. [2] As of 2018, it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament and state assemblies. According to the party, in 2015 it had over 100 million members. [3] [4] The BJP is a right-wing party, and its policy has historically reflected Hindu nationalist positions. It has close ideological and organisational ties to the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindu nationalist volunteer organisation. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Bharatiya Janata Party Major right-wing political party in India

The Bharatiya Janata Party is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress. As of 2018, it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament and state assemblies, and it is the world's largest party in terms of primary membership. BJP is a right-wing party, and its policy has historically reflected Hindu nationalist positions. It has close ideological and organisational links to the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).

Indian National Congress Major political party in India

The Indian National Congress(pronunciation ) is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

Parliament of India National bicameral legislature of the Republic of India

The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameral legislature composed of the President of India and the two houses: the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. The President in his role as head of legislature has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha. The president can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the Prime Minister and his Union Council of Ministers.

Contents

The BJP's origins lie in the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, formed in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mukherjee. [9] In 1977, the Jana Sangh merged with several other parties to form the Janata Party, which dissolved three years later, after which the members of the erstwhile Jana Sangh reconvened to form the BJP. The party won only two seats in the 1984 Indian parliamentary election, but grew in strength on the back of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement, which was agitating to build a temple to the Hindu deity Rama at the site of the Babri mosque. [10] The National Democratic Alliance, led by the BJP, has held power in India on four occasions, including short-lived governments after elections in 1996 and 1998, a full five-year term from 1999 to 2003, and the current Indian government, which has held power since 2014. [7] [11] [12]

Bharatiya Jana Sangh Former Indian political party

The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was an Indian right wing political party that existed from 1951 to 1977 and was the political arm of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu nationalist volunteer organisation. In 1977, it merged with several other left, centre and right parties opposed to the Indian National Congress and formed the Janata Party. After the Janata Party split in 1980, the former Jan Sangh was recreated as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), which is currently India's largest political party by primary membership and representation in the Lok Sabha.

Syama Prasad Mukherjee Indian politician, barrister and academician

Syama Prasad Mukherjee was an Indian politician, barrister and academician, who served as the Minister for Industry and Supply in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet. After falling out with Nehru, Mukherjee quit the Indian National Congress because of differences of opinion with Nehru led government on the issue of Jammu & Kashmir. With the help of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, he founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, the predecessor to the Bharatiya Janata Party, in 1951.

The Janata Party was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian National Congress. In the 1977 general election, the party defeated the Congress and Janata leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister in independent modern India's history.

The President of the BJP is the highest authority within the party, and fills a number of roles, including chairing meetings of the National Executive of the party and appointing the presidents of party subsidiaries, such its youth wing and farmer's wing. [13] Any candidate for the presidency needs to have been a member of the party for at least 15 years. [14] The President is nominally elected by an electoral college composed of members drawn from the party's National and State councils, but in practice is a consensus choice of senior members of the party. [13] The term of the President is three years long, and individuals may not serve more than two consecutive terms. [14] The President usually does not also hold a post within a government, and party chiefs have resigned the position to assume posts in Cabinet. [15]

The Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha (BJYM) is the youth wing of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). It is the largest youth political organisation in the world in terms of primary membership.

BJP Kisan Morcha is the farmers wing of Bharatiya Janata Party.

After the party's foundation in 1980, Atal Bihari Vajpayee became its first president. He later became the Prime Minister of India, the only BJP President to serve in that position to date. In 1986, Lal Krishna Advani was sworn in as the party president and has been the longest serving president over three different periods. [16] [17] A total of ten people have served as the president of the BJP, including Rajnath Singh who has also served two terms. Amit Shah became the party president on 9 July 2014, and is incumbent as of June 2019. [18] [19]

Atal Bihari Vajpayee 10th Prime Minister of India

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was an Indian politician, statesman, and author who served three terms as the Prime Minister of India, first for a term of 13 days in 1996, then for a period of 13 months from 1998 to 1999, and finally, for a full term from 1999 to 2004. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), he was the first Indian prime minister who was not a member of the Indian National Congress party to have served a full five-year term in office.

Prime Minister of India Leader of the executive of the Government of India

The prime minister of India is the leader of the executive of the government of India. The prime minister is also the chief adviser to the president of India and head of the Council of Ministers. They can be a member of any of the two houses of the Parliament of India—the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha —but has to be a member of the political party or coalition, having a majority in the Lok Sabha.

Rajnath Singh Indian politician

Rajnath Singh is an Indian politician belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party who currently serves as the Defence Minister of India. He has previously served as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and as a Cabinet Minister in the Vajpayee Government. He was previously also the Home Minister in the First Modi Ministry. He has also served as the President of the BJP twice, 2005 to 2009 and 2013 to 2014. He began his career as a physics lecturer and used his long-term association with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) to become involved with the Janata Party. DND Flyway which connects Delhi and Noida was inaugurated by him in 2001.

List of party presidents

Bharatiya Janata Party Presidents
S. No.TermNameNotesReferences
11980–1986 Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg Atal Bihari Vajpayee Vajpayee became the first President of the BJP upon its formation in 1980. Under him the BJP projected itself as a centrist party that had moved away from the strident politics of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. Vajpayee, often seen as the moderate face of the BJP, later became the first Prime Minister of India not from the Indian National Congress to serve a full term. [16]
[20]
[21]
[22]
21986–1991 Lkadvani.jpg L. K. Advani Advani succeeded Atal Bihari Vajpayee as President in 1986, an event usually associated with a shift in the BJP's ideology towards hardline Hindutva, exemplified by the Ram Rath Yatra led by Advani in 1990 as part of an effort to generate electoral support by appealing to Hindu nationalism. He had served as the President of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1973. [16]
[20]
[23]
[24]
[25]
31991–1993 Murli Manohar Joshi MP.jpg Murli Manohar Joshi BJP ideologue Joshi had been affiliated with the Rashtriya Svayamsevak Sangh nearly fifty years before he became BJP President in 1991. As with his predecessor L. K. Advani, he played a large role in the Ram Janmabhoomi agitation. He later served as a cabinet minister in the governments headed by Atal Bihari Vajpayee. During his Presidency, the BJP became the principal opposition party for the first time. [24]
[26]
[27]
[28]
(2)1993–1998 Lkadvani.jpg L. K. Advani Advani had been a member of the RSS for fifty years when he took office for the second time. His aggressive campaigning helped the BJP became the largest party in the lower house of the Indian Parliament after elections in 1996. Though Atal Bihari Vajpayee became Prime Minister, Advani was seen as the power within the party, and later served as Deputy Prime Minister. [24]
[28]
41998–2000 Kushabhau Thakre Thakre had been associated with the RSS since 1942. He was not well known outside the BJP when he became the President in 1998, a few months after the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance government took office. During his tenure the BJP reduced its emphasis on Hindutva, such as its demand for abrogating Article 370 of the Indian constitution, to accommodate the views of a large coalition. [23]
[29]
[30]
[31]
52000–2001 BangaruLaxman2012.jpg Bangaru Laxman Laxman, an RSS member of long standing, became the first Dalit President of the BJP in 2000. A year later a sting operation by Tehelka magazine showed him accepting a bribe, after which Laxman resigned immediately. He remained on the party's National Executive until 2012, when he was convicted for corruption and resigned. [32]
[33]
62001–2002 Jana1.JPG Jana Krishnamurthi Krishnamurthi became acting President upon the resignation of Laxman, and was confirmed as President by the National Executive shortly afterwards. He resigned a year later when he became a minister in the central government under Atal Bihari Vajpayee as part of a cabinet reshuffle. [33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
72002–2004 Venkaiah Naidu 2 (cropped).jpg Venkaiah Naidu Naidu was elected BJP President after Jana Krishnamurthi was drafted into the Cabinet. His election was seen by commentators as an example of L. K. Advani and the orthodox Hindu-nationalist wing of the party re-asserting control. Though elected to a full term, Naidu resigned after the NDA lost the 2004 Indian general election to the United Progressive Alliance led by the Indian National Congress. [37]
[36]
(2)2004–2005 Lkadvani.jpg L. K. Advani Advani, then serving as the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha, became BJP President for the third time after Venkaiah Naidu resigned after the 2004 Indian general election. Advani continued to hold his position as leader of the opposition. Advani resigned as President in 2005, after his description of Muhammad Ali Jinnah as a secular leader caused controversy. [24]
[37]
[38]
[39]
[40]
82005–2009 Rajnath.jpg Rajnath Singh Singh took office as BJP President in December 2005 for the remainder of Advani's term. He was reappointed for a full term in 2006. Singh had held many positions for the RSS and the BJP, including serving as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and the President of the BJP's youth wing. He advocated a return to a Hindutva platform. Singh resigned after the NDA lost the 2009 Indian general election [24]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
92009–2013 Nitin Gadkari 1 (cropped).JPG Nitin Gadkari Gadkari became the youngest President of the BJP in 2009. A longtime RSS member, he had served as a minister in a coalition government in Maharashtra and as President of the BJP youth wing. He had strong support from the RSS leadership. Gadkari resigned in 2013 after a scandal related to his time as a minister and other allegations of financial impropriety. [24]
[43]
[44]
(8)2013–2014 Rajnath.jpg Rajnath Singh Singh was elected President for his second term after Gadkari stepped down in 2013. Singh played a large role in the BJP's campaign for the 2014 Indian general election, including declaring Narendra Modi the party's Prime Ministerial candidate despite opposition from within the BJP. After the party's landslide victory, Singh resigned the party presidency to assume the position of Home Minister. [24]
[43]
[45]
102014–present Amit Shah.Jpg Amit Shah Shah, a close confidant of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, became BJP President for the remainder of Rajnath Singh's term after the latter joined First Modi cabinet. Commentators described Shah's appointment as demonstrating Modi's control over the BJP. Shah was re-elected for a full three-year term in 2016. [18]
[15]
[46]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "JP Nadda elected as BJP national working president, Amit Shah to remain party chief". The Indian Express. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
  2. ↑ "In Numbers: The Rise of BJP and decline of Congress". The Times of India. 19 May 2016. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  3. ↑ Chatterjee, Mohua (13 July 2015). "BJP enrolls 11 crore members, launches 'Mahasampark Abhiyan'". Firstpost. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "BJP becomes largest political party in the world", The Times of India , 30 March 2015, archived from the original on 6 December 2016
  5. ↑ Horowitz, Donald L. (2001). The Deadly Ethnic Riot. University of California Press. p. 244. ISBN   978-0520224476.
  6. ↑ Haynes, Jeff (2003). Democracy and Political Change in the Third World. Routledge. pp. 168–170. ISBN   978-1-134-54184-3.
  7. 1 2 Sen, Amartya (2005). India and the world (1. publ. ed.). Allen Lane: 2005. pp. 250–260. ISBN   978-0-7139-9687-6.
  8. ↑ Murty, B Vijay (16 September 2017). "Jharkhand: BJP, RSS want like-minded people to head educational institutions". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 20 November 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  9. ↑ Swain 2001, p. 60.
  10. ↑ "BJP's 37th foundation day: Brief history of the achievements and failures of the party". The Indian Express. 6 April 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  11. ↑ Naqvi, Saba; Raman, Anuradha (1 April 2013). "Their Dark Glasses". Outlook. Archived from the original on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  12. ↑ "Narendra Modi sworn in as Indian prime minister". BBC. 26 May 2014. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  13. 1 2 Swain 2001, pp. 71–77.
  14. 1 2 "Bharatiya Janata Party Constitution" (PDF). BJP official website. Bharatiya Janata Party. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  15. 1 2 Rawat, Sanjay (9 July 2014). "'Murder Accused' Amit Shah Appointed BJP President". Outlook. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  16. 1 2 3 Varma, Gyan (7 April 2017). "BJP Foundation Day: How the party has grown since 1980". Mint. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  17. ↑ "Happy Birthday L K Advani: Facts about the longest serving BJP president". India Today. 8 November 2016. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  18. 1 2 "Amit Shah, Modi's close aide, takes charge as BJP president". The Times of India. 9 July 2014. Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  19. ↑ Dahat, Pavan (11 June 2018). "Nothing personal against Rahul Gandhi: Amit Shah". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  20. 1 2 Chatterjee, Manini (1994). "The BJP: Political Mobilization for Hindutva". South Asia Bulletin. 14 (1).
  21. ↑ "Nation's highest civilian honour for Atal Bihari Vajpayee". Mint. 25 December 2014. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  22. ↑ Hansen 1999, pp. 157–158.
  23. 1 2 Guha 2007, pp. 540–560.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "BJP Presidents from 1980 to 2013". India Today. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
  25. ↑ Hansen 1999, p. 159.
  26. ↑ Muralidharan, Sukumar (7 November 1998). "Taking Hindutva to school". Frontline. Archived from the original on 16 June 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  27. ↑ "Presidential Election: Murli Manohar Joshi, Sushma Swaraj Among Probables". News 18. 26 February 2017. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  28. 1 2 Datta, Prabhash K. (21 March 2017). "25 years after Babri demolition: Will Modi choose Advani as President?". India Today. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  29. ↑ Bhaumik, Saba Naqvi (27 October 1997). "Veteran leader Kushabhau Thakre emerges as front-runner for BJP president post". India Today. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  30. ↑ "Kushabhau Thakre passes away". The Times of India. 28 December 2003. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  31. ↑ "Kushabhau Thakre Passes Away". The Financial Express. 28 December 2003. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  32. ↑ "Bangaru Laxman, ex-BJP president, dies in Hyderabad". The Times of India. 1 March 2014. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  33. 1 2 Vyas, Nina (14 March 2001). "Jana Krishnamurthy acting BJP chief". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  34. ↑ "Ex-BJP president Jana Krishnamurthy cremated in Chennai". The Times of India. 26 September 2007. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  35. ↑ "Jana Krishnamurthi ratified BJP chief". The Hindu. 24 March 2001. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  36. 1 2 Ramaseshan, Radhika. "A-Team Powers Back". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  37. 1 2 "Naidu's journey from pasting party posters to being Vice President". Rediff.com. 5 August 2017. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  38. ↑ "Advani replaces Venkaiah Naidu as BJP chief". Rediff.com. 18 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 August 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  39. ↑ "No regrets over Jinnah statement: Advani". The Times of India. 6 January 2006. Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  40. 1 2 Vyas, Neena (1 January 2006). "Advani resigns as BJP president". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  41. ↑ Ghatak, Lopamudra (23 December 2006). "It's basic instinct for Rajnath Singh". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  42. ↑ "Who is Rajnath Singh?". India Today. 23 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  43. 1 2 3 "Rajnath Singh elected BJP president, vows to bring back party to power". India TV. 23 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  44. ↑ "Nitin Gadkari: From swayamsevak to BJP chief". The Hindu. 19 December 2009. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  45. ↑ "Rajnath Singh – from 'Physics lecturer' to 'Union Home Minister'". India TV. 10 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  46. ↑ Hebbar, Nistula (24 January 2016). "Amit Shah re-elected BJP president". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.

Bilbography

Ramachandra Guha historian and writer from India

Ramachandra Guha is an Indian historian and writer whose research interests include environmental, social, political, contemporary and cricket history. He is also a columnist for The Telegraph and Hindustan Times. A regular contributor to various academic journals, Guha has also written for The Caravan and Outlook magazines. For the year 2011–12, he held a visiting position at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), the Philippe Roman Chair in History and International Affairs. His latest book is Gandhi: The Years That Changed the World (2018), the second part of his two-volume biography of M. K. Gandhi. It is a follow-up to the acclaimed Gandhi Before India (2013). His large body of work, covering a wide range of fields and yielding a number of rational insights, has made him a significant figure in Indian historical studies, and Guha is valued as one of the major historians of the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

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