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The Security Council of the United Nations (UNSC) has adopted 21 resolutions concerning North Korea. Five resolutions were adopted during the Korean War in the 1950s.
In 1991, a single resolution was adopted regarding North Korea's accession to membership in the UN. Since then, many resolutions have been adopted in relation to the North Korean missile and nuclear program.
| Resolution | Content | Date | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| S/RES/82 | Held that North Korea's invasion of South Korea in the Korean War constituted a "breach of peace" and demanded immediate cessation of hostilities. The demand was to end North Korea's invasion of South Korea. Ratified by nine votes with Yugoslavia abstaining and the Soviet Union absent. | 25 June 1950 | [5] [6] |
| S/RES/83 | Recommended UN member states to provide assistance to South Korea in the Korean War to repel the attack by North Korea and restore peace and security. North Korea did not comply with Security Council Resolution 82. The council required North Korea to withdraw the armed forces at 38th parallel. Ratified by seven votes with Yugoslavia voting against, Egypt and India not voting, and the Soviet Union absent. | 27 June 1950 | [7] [5] |
| S/RES/84 | Established a unified command led by the United States to coordinate the war effort of allies of South Korea in the Korean War. North Korea's invasion of the Republic of Korea was the threat to international security and peace. Ratified by seven votes with Egypt, India, and Yugoslavia abstaining and the Soviet Union absent. | 7 July 1950 | [7] |
| S/RES/85 | Coordinated relief for victims of the Korean War. Held that North Korea's invasion of South Korea in the war constituted an "unlawful attack". Adopted by nine votes with Yugoslavia abstaining and the Soviet Union absent. | 31 July 1950 | [6] [7] |
| S/RES/90 | Unanimously removed the Korean War from the agenda of the Security Council. | 31 January 1951 | [6] [7] |
| S/RES/702 | Recommended both North Korea and South Korea for UN membership. | 8 August 1991 | [8] |
| S/RES/825 | Urged North Korea to reconsider its withdrawal from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and abide by its international obligations. Adopted by 13 votes with China and Pakistan abstaining. | 11 May 1993 | [8] |
| S/RES/1695 | Condemned North Korea's 2006 launch of ballistic missiles and imposed sanctions against North Korea. Unanimously adopted. | 15 July 2006 | [8] |
| S/RES/1718 | Expressed concern over North Korea's 2006 nuclear test, imposed sanctions and set up the UN Security Council Sanctions Committee on North Korea. A Panel of Experts was established to support the Committee. Unanimously adopted. | 14 October 2006 | [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] |
| S/RES/1874 | Expressed concern over North Korea's 2009 nuclear test. Extended sanctions to concern all arms material and related financial transactions, technical training, advice, services or assistance, manufacture and maintenance. Unanimously adopted. | 12 June 2009 | [8] [12] |
| S/RES/1887 | Called for implementing the UNSC Resolution 1540 for nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament. Unanimously adopted. | 24 September 2009 | [8] [12] |
| S/RES/1928 | Extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 12 June 2011. Unanimously adopted. | 7 June 2010 | [8] |
| S/RES/1985 | Extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 12 June 2012 and asked it to submit its midterm and final reports to the Sanctions Committee for discussion one month before they are submitted to the Security Council. Unanimously adopted. | 10 June 2011 | [8] |
| S/RES/2050 | Extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 12 June 2013. Unanimously adopted. | 12 June 2012 | [8] |
| S/RES/2087 | Condemned North Korea's 2012 satellite launch and added to sanctions. Unanimously adopted. | 22 January 2013 | [8] [12] |
| S/RES/2094 | Imposed sanctions after North Korea's 2013 nuclear test. Enforcing sanctions on North Korea to condemn the third nuclear test. Unanimously adopted. | 7 March 2013 | [8] [12] |
| S/RES/2141 | Extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 5 April 2015. | 5 March 2014 | [8] |
| S/RES/2207 | Extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 5 April 2016. Unanimously adopted. | 4 March 2015 | [8] |
| S/RES/2270 | Imposed sanctions after North Korea's 2016 nuclear and missile test. Sanctions include inspection of all passing cargo to and from North Korea, prohibition of all weapons trade with the country, additional restrictions on North Korean imports of luxury goods, and expulsion of certain North Korean diplomats suspected of illicit activities. Unanimously adopted. | 2 March 2016 | [8] [13] [12] |
| S/RES/2276 | Extends the mandate of the Panel of Experts assisting the DPRK Sanctions Committee established in UNSC Res 1718 | 24 March 2016 | [14] |
| S/RES/2321 | The UNSC unanimously strengthened its sanctions regime against the DPRK, in response to that country's 9 September nuclear test. | 30 November 2016 | [15] |
| S/RES/2345 | The UNSC extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts into 2018. | 23 March 2017 | [8] |
| S/RES/2356 | The UNSC unanimously sanctioned a list of individuals and entities designated as being engaged in or providing support for Pyongyang's nuclear-related program. | 2 June 2017 | [16] |
| S/RES/2371 | The UNSC unanimously strengthened its sanctions regime against the DPRK, in response to that country's 28 July 2017 missile test. Unanimously adopted. | 5 August 2017 | [17] [18] [19] |
| S/RES/2375 | The UNSC unanimously strengthened its oil sanctions regime against the DPRK, in response to that country's sixth nuclear test. 'At the current annual level of 4 million barrels and limits exports of refined petroleum products to the country to 2 million barrels annually. They together slash North Korea's oil supplies from outside by 30 percent. It also bans overseas sales of North Korean textiles and further restricts the country's exports of its workers.' [20] Unanimously adopted. | 11 September 2017 | [21] [22] [23] |
| S/RES/2397 | The UNSC unanimously strengthened sanctions in response to the launch of Hwasong-15 intercontinental ballistic missile. Unanimously adopted. | 22 December 2017 | [24] |
| S/RES/2407 | Extends the mandate of S/RES/1718 until 24 April 2019 and further enforcement of prior resolutions. | 21 March 2018 | [25] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1695, adopted unanimously on July 15, 2006, after recalling resolutions 825 (1993) and 1540 (2004) concerning North Korea and the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction respectively, the Council banned the selling of material that would further the ability of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to bolster its ballistic missiles programme.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718 was adopted unanimously by the United Nations Security Council on October 14, 2006. The resolution, passed under Chapter VII, Article 41, of the UN Charter, imposes a series of economic and commercial sanctions on the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the aftermath of that nation's claimed nuclear test of October 9, 2006.
Two rounds of North Korean missile tests were conducted in July 2009. On July 4, 2009, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea launched seven short range missiles into the Sea of Japan, after previously launching four missiles two days earlier on July 2. The missiles were launched in violation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1874.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1874 was adopted unanimously by the United Nations Security Council on 12 June 2009. The resolution, passed under Chapter VII, Article 41, of the UN Charter, imposes further economic and commercial sanctions on the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and encourages UN member states to search North Korean cargo, in the aftermath of an underground nuclear test conducted on 25 May 2009.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1928, adopted unanimously on June 7, 2010, after recalling resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009) and 1887 (2009) on the topics of North Korea and nuclear weapons, the Council extended the mandate of a panel of experts monitoring sanctions against the country until June 12, 2011.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1985, adopted unanimously on June 10, 2011, after recalling resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), 1887 (2009), 1928 (2010) on the topics of North Korea and nuclear weapons, the Council extended the mandate of an expert panel monitoring sanctions against the country until June 12, 2012.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2087, adopted unanimously on January 22, 2013, after recalling all previous relevant resolutions on the situation concerning North Korea, including resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), and 1874 (2009), the Council condemned the December 12, 2012 rocket launch by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. North Korea cited this resolution as the cause of the 2013 Korean crisis.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2094, adopted unanimously on March 7, 2013, after recalling all previous relevant resolutions on the situation concerning North Korea, including resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), and 2087 (2013), the Council condemned the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's third nuclear test. Furthermore, it increased the power of other nations to enforce these sanctions.
The Foreign Trade Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is North Korea's primary foreign exchange bank, and is owned and run by the North Korean government.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 was a 20 July 2015 resolution endorsing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on the nuclear program of Iran. It sets out an inspection process and schedule while also preparing for the removal of United Nations sanctions against Iran. The 15 nations on the Security Council unanimously endorsed the resolution, which had been negotiated by the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—plus Germany, the European Union, and Iran.
In the year 2016, North Korea conducted two nuclear tests: one in January and the other in September. Additionally, the country conducted several missile tests. As consequence, the United Nations Security Council adopted three resolutions against North Korea.
The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2270 on March 2, 2016, with approval of all the five permanent members and the ten non-permanent members in response to North Korea’s fourth nuclear test on January 6, 2016, and its launch of a long-range missile carrying what it said was a satellite on February 7, 2016.
On March 4, 2015, the United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2207 on North Korea. The resolution extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts, which supports activities of the ‘1718 Sanctions Committee’, for one year to April 5, 2016.
A number of countries and international bodies have imposed sanctions against North Korea. Currently, many sanctions are concerned with North Korea's nuclear weapons program and were imposed after its first nuclear test in 2006.
In the year 2017, North Korea was involved in the 2017 North Korea crisis, along with other events. The country conducted a nuclear test in September, and several missile tests throughout the year. One of these was the country's first successful test of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), Hwasong-14. Two missiles were launched over Hokkaido in the Japanese archipelago, in August and in September 2017.
The UN Security Council Sanctions Committee on North Korea is a subsidiary body established in 2006 by the UN Security Council's resolution 1718 in response to North Korea's first nuclear test and its other nuclear proliferation efforts.
The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2371 on August 5, 2017, with approval of all the five permanent members and the ten non-permanent members in response to North Korea’s July 2017 missile tests.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2375 was adopted on 11 September 2017. The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted a new sanctions resolution against North Korea, a response to its sixth nuclear test on September 3. The resolution reduces about 30% of oil provided to North Korea by cutting off over 55% of refined petroleum products going to North Korea.
European Union–North Korea relations are the foreign relations between the European Union and the country of North Korea. Bilateral relations between North Korea and the EU date back to the 1990s.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2397 is a resolution adopted unanimously on 22 December 2017 in response to North Korea's launch of a Hwasong-15 intercontinental ballistic missile on 28 November of that year. The resolution condemned the launch and further tightened sanctions on the country, restricting fuel imports and other trade, as well as the ability of North Korean citizens to work abroad. On 24 December, the North Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that the resolution constitutes an act of war.
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