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This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 4th United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1795, to March 3, 1797.
The United States Senate has an official chronological list of senators, accessible from its website, which provides information about the seniority of senators serving in the relevant Congress.
A Chronological List of United States Senators includes the following explanation of how it assigns seniority.
From 1789 to 1958, senators whose terms began on the same day are listed alphabetically. Beginning in 1959, senators are listed according to commencement of first Senate term by order of service, determined by former service in order as senator, vice president, House member, cabinet secretary, governor, and then by state population. This latter system for calculating order of service has been used by the modern Senate for many years for the purposes of office assignment. It is unclear just when the Senate first began applying such criteria.
Rank column: This consecutively numbers senators, serving in the relevant Congress, according to seniority in that Congress. Seniority is based upon the method used by the chronological list. If the senator is not the first person to hold the seat, in the Congress, then he is given the number of the preceding senator followed by a lower case letter. In addition, if the senator would have had different seniority (if the method used from 1959 was followed) a further number is given in brackets and italicised
A senator with broken service is placed before other senators starting service on the same day, but after senators with unbroken service starting before that date.
Senate No. column: The chronological guide gives an official number to each senator. This is the number set out in this column. That number is retained even if the senator has broken service.
As an historical article, the states and party affiliations listed reflect those during the Congress. Seats and party affiliations on similar lists for other Congresses will be different for certain members. During this Congress, there were two parties represented. Senators are classified as Democratic-Republican (DR) or Federalist (F).
| Class | Terms of service of senators that will expire in years |
|---|---|
| Class 1 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1797 [2] |
| Class 2 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1799 [3] |
| Class 3 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1801 [4] |
| Rank | Historical rank | Senator (party-state) | Seniority date | Alternative rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 | Pierce Butler [5] (DR-SC) | March 4, 1789 | None of the factors apply to members first elected to the 1st and 2nd Congresses, so alphabetical order is used. The results of the 1790 census were not available until after the 2nd Congress convened in 1791. |
| 5 | 2 | Oliver Ellsworth [6] (F-CT) | ||
| 9 | 3 | James Gunn (F-GA) | ||
| 10 | 4 | John Henry (F-MD) | ||
| 13 | 5 | John Langdon (DR-NH) | ||
| 20 | 6 | Caleb Strong [7] (F-MA) | ||
| 22 | 7 | Rufus King [8] (F-NY) | July 16, 1789 | |
| 26 | 8 | Theodore Foster (F-RI) | June 7, 1790 | |
| 31 | 9 | Aaron Burr (DR-NY) | March 4, 1791 | |
| 32 | 10 | George Cabot [9] (F-MA) | ||
| 33 | 11 | John Rutherfurd (F-NJ) | ||
| 35 | 12 | Moses Robinson [10] (DR-VT) | October 17, 1791 | |
| 36 | 13 | John Brown (DR-KY) | June 18, 1792 | |
| 39 | 14 | Richard Potts [11] (F-MD) | January 10, 1793 | |
| 40 | 15 (19) | William Bradford (F-RI) | March 4, 1793 | Livermore, House 4 years; Jackson, House 2 years; Martin, governor (including a period after ratification of the constitution by NC); Frelinghuysen, NJ 9th in population (1790 census); Bradford, RI 14th in population (1790 census); Vining, DE 15th in population (1790 census). |
| 41 | 16 (18) | Frederick Frelinghuysen [12] (F-NJ) | ||
| 42 | 17 (16) | James Jackson [13] (DR-GA) | ||
| 43 | 18 (15) | Samuel Livermore (F-NH) | ||
| 44 | 19 (17) | Alexander Martin (DR-NC) | ||
| 45 | 20 | John Vining (F-DE) | ||
| 47 | 21 | James Ross (F-PA) | April 24, 1794 | |
| 48 | 22 | Stevens Thomson Mason (DR-VA) | November 18, 1794 | Two senators from Virginia. No factor applies except state population, which is equal, so alphabetical order is used. |
| 49 | 23 | Henry Tazewell (DR-VA) | ||
| 50 | 24 | Henry Latimer (F-DE) | February 7, 1795 | |
| 51 | 25 (27) | William Bingham (F-PA) | March 4, 1795 | Trumbull, House 6 years; Bloodworth, House 11 months; Bingham, PA 3rd in population (1790 census); Read, SC 8th in population (1790 census); Paine, VT 11th in population (1790 census); Marshall, KY 13th in population (1790 census). |
| 52 | 26 | Timothy Bloodworth (DR-NC) | ||
| 53 | 27 (30) | Humphrey Marshall (F-KY) | ||
| 54 | 28 (29) | Elijah Paine (F-VT) | ||
| 55 | 29 (28) | Jacob Read (F-SC) | ||
| 56 | 30 (25) | Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. [14] (F-CT) | ||
| 57 | 30a | George Walton [15] (F-GA) | November 16, 1795 | |
| 58 | 30b | Josiah Tattnall (DR-GA) | February 20, 1796 | |
| 60 | 30d | Benjamin Goodhue (F-MA) | June 11, 1796 | Two senators from Massachusetts. No factors apply except House service and state population, which are equal, so alphabetical order is used. |
| 61 | 30e | Theodore Sedgwick (F-MA) | ||
| 62 | 31 | William Blount (DR-TN) | August 2, 1796 | Two senators from Tennessee. No factor applies except state population, which is equal, so alphabetical order is used. |
| 63 | 32 | William Cocke (DR-TN) | ||
| 64 | 32a | Uriah Tracy (F-CT) | October 13, 1796 | |
| 65 | 32b | Isaac Tichenor (F-VT) | October 18, 1796 | |
| 66 | 32c | John Laurance (F-NY) | November 9, 1796 | |
| 67 | 32d | Richard Stockton (F-NJ) | November 12, 1796 | |
| 68 | 32e | John Eager Howard (F-MD) | November 30, 1796 | |
| 69 | 30c | James Hillhouse (F-CT) | December 6, 1796 | |
| 70 | 32f | John Hunter (DR-SC) | December 8, 1796 |