List of World Heritage Sites in Southeast Asia

Last updated

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 45 World Heritage Sites in nine countries (also called "State parties") of Southeast Asia: Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Only Brunei and Timor-Leste (East Timor) lack World Heritage Sites. [1] [2]

Contents

Indonesia lead the list with ten inscribed sites, followed by Vietnam with eight inscribed sites, with Thailand has seven, the Philippines six, Cambodia and Malaysia four each, Laos three, Myanmar two, and Singapore one. [3] The first sites from the region were inscribed at the 15th session of the World Heritage Committee in 1991. [4] The latest site inscribed are Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapura or Chok Gargyar in Cambodia, the Ancient Town of Si Thep and its Associated Dvaravati Monuments in Thailand, and the Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta and its Historic Landmarks in Indonesia, inscribed in the 45th session of the Committee in 2023. [5] Each year, UNESCO's World Heritage Committee may inscribe new sites or delist those no longer meeting the criteria, the selection based on ten criteria of which six stand for cultural heritage (i–vi) and four for natural heritage (vii–x); [6] some sites are "mixed" and represent both types of heritage. In Southeast Asia, there are 30 cultural, 14 natural and 1 mixed sites. [3]

The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered, citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List." One site in this region, Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra, is listed as endangered; Angkor and Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were once listed but were taken off in 2004 and 2012 respectively.

By comparison with other world regions such as East Asia, South Asia, Middle East, Central America, and Western Europe, the designation of UNESCO sites in the Southeast Asian region has been regarded as 'too few and too slow' since the inception of the 21st century. Scholars from various Southeast Asian nations have suggested for the establishment of an inclusive Southeast Asian body that will cater to the gaps of the region's activities in UNESCO as the majority of nations in the region are underperforming in the majority of the lists adopted by UNESCO, notably the World Heritage List.

Legend

The table is sortable by column by clicking on the Sort both.gif at the top of the appropriate column; alphanumerically for the Site, Area, and Year columns; by state party for the Location column; and by criteria type for the Criteria column. Transborder sites sort at the bottom.
Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap
Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation [3]
Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee [6]
Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
Year; during which the site was inscribed to the World Heritage List
Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable.

World Heritage Sites

  † In danger
SiteImageLocation Criteria Area
ha (acre)
YearDescriptionRefs
Angkor
Angkor Wat.jpg
Siem Reap Province, Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia
13°26′N103°50′E / 13.433°N 103.833°E / 13.433; 103.833 (Angkor)
Cultural:
(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
40,100 (99,000)1992The site was listed as endangered from its inscription in times of political instability following the civil war in the 1980s to 2004. [7] [8]
[9]
Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley
Lenggong.JPG
Perak, Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia
5°4′N100°58′E / 5.067°N 100.967°E / 5.067; 100.967 (Lenggong Valley)
Cultural:
(iii), (iv)
398.64 (985.1); buffer zone 1,786.77 (4,415.2)2012 [10]
Bagan
Old Bagan, Myanmar, Landscape of ancient Bagan city.jpg
Mandalay Region, Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar
21°10′00″N94°52′00″E / 21.166667°N 94.866667°E / 21.166667; 94.866667 (Bagan)
Cultural:
(iii), (iv), (vi)
5,005.49 (12,368.8); buffer zone 18,146.83 (44,841.8)2019 [11]
Ban Chiang Archaeological Site
Museum fur Indische Kunst Dahlem Berlin Mai 2006 056.jpg
Udon Thani Province, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
17°32′55″N103°47′23″E / 17.54861°N 103.78972°E / 17.54861; 103.78972 (Ban Chiang Archaeological Site)
Cultural:
(iii)
30 (74); buffer zone 760 (1,900)1992 [12]
Baroque Churches of the Philippines
FvfIntramuros2720 24.JPG
Manila; Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur; Paoay, Ilocos Norte and Miag-ao, Iloilo; Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
14°35′24″N120°58′12″E / 14.59000°N 120.97000°E / 14.59000; 120.97000 (Baroque Churches of the Philippines)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv)
1993 [13]
Borobudur Temple Compounds
Borobudur Temple.jpg
Magelang Regency, Central Java, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
7°36′28″S110°12′13″E / 7.60778°S 110.20361°E / -7.60778; 110.20361 (Borobudur Temple Compounds)
Cultural:
(i), (ii), (vi)
25.51 (63.0); buffer zone 64.31 (158.9)1991Buddhist monument dating from the 8th and 9th centuries, located in Central Java. The monument structure is a large stepped pyramid crowned with rows of stupas. [14]
Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long - Hanoi
Flag tower, Hanoi.jpg
Hanoi, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
21°2′22″N105°50′14″E / 21.03944°N 105.83722°E / 21.03944; 105.83722 (Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long - Hanoi)
Cultural:
(ii), (iii), (vi)
18.395 (45.46); buffer zone 108 (270)2010 [15]
Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty
Tay Do castle South gate.JPG
Tây Giai, Vĩnh Lộc District, Thanh Hóa Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
20°4′41″N105°36′17″E / 20.07806°N 105.60472°E / 20.07806; 105.60472 (Citadel of the Ho Dynasty)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv)
155.5 (384); buffer zone 5,078.5 (12,549)2011 [16]
Complex of Huế Monuments
Emperor Khai Dinh in Hue (39543600561).jpg
Thừa Thiên–Huế Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
16°28′10″N107°34′40″E / 16.46944°N 107.57778°E / 16.46944; 107.57778 (Complex of Hué Monuments)
Cultural:
(iii), (iv)
315.47 (779.5); buffer zone 71.93 (177.7)1993 [17]
Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy
Jatiluwih rice terraces.jpg
Bali, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
8°20′0″S115°0′0″E / 8.33333°S 115.00000°E / -8.33333; 115.00000 (Cultural Landscape of Bali Province)
Cultural:
(iii), (v), (vi)
19,519.9 (48,235); buffer zone 1,454.8 (3,595)2012 [18]
Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex
KHAOYAI.JPG
Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachinburi, Sa Kaeo and Buriram Provinces, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
14°20′N102°3′E / 14.333°N 102.050°E / 14.333; 102.050 (Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex)
Natural:
(x)
615,500 (1,521,000)2005 [19]
Gunung Mulu National Park
Mulu.JPG
Northern Sarawak, Borneo, Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia
4°8′N114°55′E / 4.133°N 114.917°E / 4.133; 114.917 (Gunung Mulu National Park)
Natural:
(vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
52,864 (130,630)2000 [20]
Hạ Long Bay - Cát Bà Archipelago
Ha Long Bay with boats.jpg
Quảng Ninh Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
20°54′N107°6′E / 20.900°N 107.100°E / 20.900; 107.100 (Ha Long Bay)
Natural:
(vii), (viii)
65,650 (162,200); buffer zone 34,140 (84,400)1994 [nb 1] [21]
Historic City of Ayutthaya
WatChaiwatthanaram 2295b.JPG
Ayutthaya Province, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
14°20′52″N100°33′38″E / 14.34778°N 100.56056°E / 14.34778; 100.56056 (Historic City of Ayutthaya)
Cultural:
(iii)
289 (710)1991 [22]
Historic Town of Sukhothai and Associated Historic Towns
Wat Si Chum 02.jpg
Sukhothai and Kamphaeng Phet Provinces, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
17°0′26″N99°47′23″E / 17.00722°N 99.78972°E / 17.00722; 99.78972 (Historic Town of Sukhothai and Associated Historic Towns)
Cultural:
(i), (iii)
11,852 (29,290)1991 [23]
Historic Town of Vigan
VIGAN CITY.jpg
Ilocos Sur, Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
17°34′30″N120°23′15″E / 17.57500°N 120.38750°E / 17.57500; 120.38750 (Historic Town of Vigan)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv)
17.25 (42.6)1999 [24]
Hội An Ancient Town
Boat by the water - Hoi An (16922189291).jpg
Hội An, Quảng Nam Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
15°53′0″N108°20′0″E / 15.88333°N 108.33333°E / 15.88333; 108.33333 (Hoi An Ancient Town)
Cultural:
(ii), (v)
30 (74); buffer zone 280 (690)1999 [25]
Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex
Kaeng Krachan (2).jpg
Ratchaburi, Phetchaburi and Prachuap Khiri Khan Provinces, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
13°14′N5°5′E / 13.233°N 5.083°E / 13.233; 5.083 (Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex)
Natural:
(x)
408,940 (1,010,500)2021 [26]
Kinabalu Park
Mount kinabalu 01.png
Sabah, Borneo, Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia
6°15′N116°30′E / 6.250°N 116.500°E / 6.250; 116.500 (Kinabalu Park)
Natural:
(ix), (x)
75,370 (186,200)2000 [27]
Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapura or Chok Gargyar
04-Koh Ker-nX-18.jpg
Preah Vihear Province, Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia
13°46′59″N104°32′14″E / 13.78306°N 104.53722°E / 13.78306; 104.53722 (Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapura or Chok Gargyar)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv)
1,187.61 (2,934.6); buffer zone 3,523.77 (8,707.4)2023 [28]
Komodo National Park
Adult Komodo.jpg
East Nusa Tenggara, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
8°33′S119°29′E / 8.550°S 119.483°E / -8.550; 119.483 (Komodo National Park)
Natural:
(vii), (x)
219,322 (541,960)1991 [29]
Lorentz National Park
Puncakjaya.jpg
Papua, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
4°45′S137°50′E / 4.750°S 137.833°E / -4.750; 137.833 (Lorentz National Park)
Natural:
(vii), (ix), (x)
2,350,000 (5,800,000)1999 [30]
Megalithic Jar Sites in Xiengkhuang - Plain of Jars
20171115 Plain of Jars Laos Site 3 2784 DxO.jpg
Xiangkhouang Province, Flag of Laos.svg  Laos
19°25′48″N103°9′10.8″E / 19.43000°N 103.153000°E / 19.43000; 103.153000 (Plain of Jars)
Cultural: (iii)174.56 (431.3); buffer zone 1,012.94 (2,503.0)2019Located on a plateau in central Laos, gets its name from more than 2,100 tubular-shaped megalithic stone jars used for funerary practices in the Iron Age. [31]
Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca
Melaka 03.jpg
Malacca and Penang, Malay Peninsula, Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia
5°25′17″N100°20′45″E / 5.42139°N 100.34583°E / 5.42139; 100.34583 (Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca)
Cultural:
(ii), (iii), (iv)
154.68 (382.2); buffer zone 392.8 (971)2008 [32]
Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary
Mount Hamiguitan peak.JPG
Davao Oriental, Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
6°43′2″N126°10′24″E / 6.71722°N 126.17333°E / 6.71722; 126.17333 (Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary)
Natural:
(x)
16,923.07 (41,817.8); buffer zone 9,729.47 (24,042.0)2014 [33]
Mỹ Sơn Sanctuary
My Son B5.jpg
Duy Phú, Duy Xuyên District, Quảng Nam Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
15°31′0″N108°34′0″E / 15.51667°N 108.56667°E / 15.51667; 108.56667 (My Son Sanctuary)
Cultural:
(ii), (iii)
142 (350); buffer zone 920 (2,300)1999 [34]
Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een ingang van de Ombilin steenkoolmijnen TMnr 20018524.jpg
West Sumatra, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
0°40′0″S100°47′0″E / 0.66667°S 100.78333°E / -0.66667; 100.78333 (Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto)
Cultural:
(ii),(iv)
268.18 (662.7); buffer zone 7,356.92 (18,179.3)2019Sawahlunto is the oldest coal mining town in South East Asia. At the end of the 19th century, Dutch Indies had discovered and further exploited coal in Sawahlunto. [35]
Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park
Phongnhakebang6.jpg
Bố Trạch and Minh Hóa districts, Quảng Bình Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
17°32′14″N106°9′5″E / 17.53722°N 106.15139°E / 17.53722; 106.15139 (Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park)
Natural:
(viii)
123,326 (304,750); buffer zone 220,055 (543,770)2003 [36]
Prambanan Temple Compounds
Prambanan Shiva Temple.jpg
Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
7°45′8″S110°29′30″E / 7.75222°S 110.49167°E / -7.75222; 110.49167 (Prambanan Temple Compounds)
Cultural:
(i), (iv)
1991 [37]
Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park
Puerto Princesa Underground River.jpg
Palawan, Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
10°10′0″N118°55′0″E / 10.16667°N 118.91667°E / 10.16667; 118.91667 (Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park)
Natural:
(vii), (x)
22,202 (54,860)1999 [38]
Pyu Ancient Cities
BawbawgyiPaya.jpg
Mandalay, Magway, Bago, Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar
22°28′12″N95°49′7″E / 22.47000°N 95.81861°E / 22.47000; 95.81861 (Pyu Ancient Cities)
Cultural:
(ii), (iii), (iv)
5,809 (14,350); buffer zone 6,790 (16,800)2014 [39]
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras
Banaue Philippines Batad-Rice-Terraces-01.jpg
Ifugao, Cordillera Region, Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
16°56′2″N121°8′12″E / 16.93389°N 121.13667°E / 16.93389; 121.13667 (Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras)
Cultural:
(iii), (iv), (v)
1995 [40] [41]
Sangiran Early Man Site
Sangiran 17-02.JPG
Central Java, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
7°24′0″S110°49′0″E / 7.40000°S 110.81667°E / -7.40000; 110.81667 (Sangiran Early Man Site)
Cultural:
(iii), (vi)
5,600 (14,000)1996 [42]
Singapore Botanic Gardens
Bandstand, Singapore Botanic Gardens - 20060805.jpg
Central Region, Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
1°18′55″N103°48′58″E / 1.31528°N 103.81611°E / 1.31528; 103.81611 (Singapore Botanic Gardens)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv)
49 (120); buffer zone 137 (340)2015 [43]
Temple of Preah Vihear
Preah-vihear.jpg
Preah Vihear Province, Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia
14°23′26″N104°40′49″E / 14.39056°N 104.68028°E / 14.39056; 104.68028 (Temple of Preah Vihear)
Cultural:
(i)
154.7 (382); buffer zone 2,642.5 (6,530)2008 [44]
Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura
One of many temples in Sambor Prei Kuk.jpg
Kompung Thom Province, Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia
12°52′15″N105°2′35″E / 12.87083°N 105.04306°E / 12.87083; 105.04306 (Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura)
Cultural:
(ii), (iii), (vi)
840.03 (2,075.8); buffer zone 2,523.6 (6,236)2017 [45]
The Ancient Town of Si Thep and its Associated Dvaravati Monuments
Prang Si Thep - Si Thep.jpg
Phetchabun Province, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Cultural:
(ii), (iii)
866.471 (2,141.10); buffer zone 3,824.148 (9,449.68)2023 [46]
The Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta and its Historic Landmarks
Yogyakarta 1998 09.jpg
Special Region of Yogyakarta, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Cultural:
(ii), (iii)
42.22 (104.3); buffer zone 291.17 (719.5)2023The 6 km north-south axis central axis of Yogyakarta is positioned to link Mount Merapi and the Indian Ocean, with the Kraton at its centre, has become a centre of government and Javanese cultural traditions. [47]
Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries
Thung Yai Ramit-River.JPG
Kanchanaburi, Tak and Uthai Thani Provinces, Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
15°20′N98°55′E / 15.333°N 98.917°E / 15.333; 98.917 (Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries)
Natural:
(vii), (ix), (x)
622,200 (1,537,000)1991 [48]
Town of Luang Prabang
Buddhist temple at Royal Palace in Luang Prabang.jpg
Luang Prabang Province, Flag of Laos.svg  Laos
19°53′20″N102°8′0″E / 19.88889°N 102.13333°E / 19.88889; 102.13333 (Town of Luang Prabang)
Cultural:
(ii), (iv), (v)
820 (2,000); buffer zone 12,560 (31,000)1995 [49]
Tràng An Landscape Complex
Vietnam, Ninh Binh, Trang An Limestone Peaks.jpg
Ninh Binh Province, Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
20°15′24″N105°53′47″E / 20.25667°N 105.89639°E / 20.25667; 105.89639 (Trang An - Ninh Binh)
Mixed:
(v), (vii), (viii)
6,226 (15,380); buffer zone 6,026 (14,890)2014 [50]
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
Man of the woods.JPG
Sumatra, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
2°30′S101°30′E / 2.500°S 101.500°E / -2.500; 101.500 (Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra)
Natural:
(vii), (ix), (x)
2,595,124 (6,412,690)2004 [51] [52]
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
Tubbataha Shark.jpg
Cagayancillo, Palawan, Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
8°57′12″N119°52′3″E / 8.95333°N 119.86750°E / 8.95333; 119.86750 (Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park)
Natural:
(vii), (ix), (x)
96,828 (239,270)1993 [nb 2] [53] [54]
Ujung Kulon National Park
Ujung Kulon National Park, 2014.jpg
Banten and Lampung, Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
6°45′S105°20′E / 6.750°S 105.333°E / -6.750; 105.333 (Ujung Kulon National Park)
Natural:
(vii), (x)
78,525 (194,040)1991 [55]
Vat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape
WatPhouwholesite.jpg
Champasak Province, Flag of Laos.svg  Laos
14°50′54″N105°49′20″E / 14.84833°N 105.82222°E / 14.84833; 105.82222 (Vat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape)
Cultural:
(iii), (iv), (vi)
39,000 (96,000)2001 [56]

Location of sites

Southeast Asia has the fewest UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Asia, next to Central and North Asia, despite being the base of the UNESCO Asia-Pacific headquarters located in Bangkok, Thailand and having a diverse line of natural and cultural heritage sites. Due to this, numerous scholars have been calling on Southeast Asian governments to participate and nominate more sites in UNESCO annually.

Various institutions have also criticized UNESCO for its 'Europe-centric' designations. An example of which was when UNESCO declared 10 UNESCO sites in Italy (a European country) in just a single year (1997). During the same time, 8 sites were declared for the entire Asian continent, where no designated site was located in Southeast Asia at all. [57]

Green - Natural; Yellow - Cultural; Blue - Mixed; Red - In danger

Performance of Southeast Asia in UNESCO

The performance of Southeast Asia is contrasted by the performance of South and East Asia. Southeast Asian countries are in blue.

List of World Heritage Sites in Southeast Asia

UNESCO Tentative List of Southeast Asia

Brunei and Timor-Leste currently have no tentative list sites. Both Brunei and Timor-Leste are presently undergoing comprehensive research for tentative site submissions [ citation needed ]. The latest countries revised their tentative lists are Vietnam and Singapore in 2022, followed by Malaysia and Thailand last revised their tentative lists in 2021, Cambodia last revised in 2020, Laos last revised in 2019, Indonesia and Myanmar last revised in 2018, and the Philippines last revised in 2015. The following lists also include the current nomination process being focused on by each country.

See also

Notes

  1. First inscription as Ha Long Bay. Extended inscription in 2000 to include natural criterion (i) (in present nomenclature criterion (vii)) and extended again in 2023 to include Cat Ba Archipelago and name change to the present name.
  2. First inscription as Tubbataha Reef Marine Park. Extended in 2009 and name change to the present name.

Related Research Articles

Biosphere reserves are areas comprising terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems. The biosphere reserve title is handed over by UNESCO. Each reserve promotes solutions reconciling the conservation of biodiversity with its sustainable use. Biosphere reserves are 'Science for Sustainability support sites' – special places for testing interdisciplinary approaches to understanding and managing changes and interactions between social and ecological systems, including conflict prevention and management of biodiversity. Biosphere reserves are nominated by national governments and remain under the sovereign jurisdiction of the states where they are located. Their status is internationally recognized.

References

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  8. 16th session 1992 , pp. 37–38, annex VI
  9. 28th session 2004 , pp. 66–67
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  11. "Bagan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
  12. "Ban Chiang Archaeological Site". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  13. "Baroque Churches of the Philippines". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  14. "Borobudur Temple Compounds". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
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  16. "Citadel of the Ho Dynasty". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  17. "Complex of Hué Monuments". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  18. "Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy". UNESCO . Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  19. "Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  20. "Gunung Mulu National Park". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2010.
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  22. "Historic City of Ayutthaya". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
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  34. "My Son Sanctuary". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  35. "Ombilin coal mine makes it into UNESCO World Heritage list". Antara News . Retrieved 7 July 2019.
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  37. "Prambanan Temple Compounds". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  38. "Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park". UNESCO . Retrieved 28 May 2010.
  39. "Pyu Ancient Cities". UNESCO . Retrieved 22 June 2014.
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