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This article is a list of hereditary peers who are or have been members of the House of Lords by virtue of a life peerage under the Life Peerages Act 1958.
1 | Hereditary peers of first creation living at the time the House of Lords Act 1999 came into force. |
2 | Hereditary peers who had served as Leader of the House of Lords living at the time the House of Lords Act 1999 came into force. |
3 | Suo jure hereditary peeress not otherwise able to enter the House before the Peerage Act 1963. |
† | Died in office |
Res | Resigned from the House of Lords under section 1 of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014 |
Life peer | Disclaimed peerage [lower-alpha 2] | Affiliation | Hereditary title inherited | Hereditary title disclaimed | Life title created | Left House | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Michael Berry, Baron Hartwell | Viscountcy Camrose | Crossbencher | 1995 | 1995 | 1968 | 2001† | |
Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone | Viscountcy Hailsham | Conservative | 1950 | 1963 | 1970 | 2001† | |
Alec Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel | Earldom of Home | Conservative | 1951 | 1963 | 1974 | 1995† | |
James Douglas-Hamilton, Baron Selkirk of Douglas | Earldom of Selkirk | Conservative | 1994 | 1994 | 1997 | 2023Res |
Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, in the County of Aberdeen, in the County of Meath and in the County of Argyll, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 4 January 1916 for John Hamilton-Gordon, 7th Earl of Aberdeen.
Peerages in the United Kingdom form a legal system comprising both hereditary and lifetime titles, composed of various ranks, and within the framework of the Constitution of the United Kingdom form a constituent part of the legislative process and the British honours system. The British monarch is consider the fount of honour and is notionally the only person who can grant peerages, though there are many conventions about how this power is used, especially at the request of the British government. The term peerage can be used both collectively to refer to the entire body of titled nobility, and individually to refer to a specific title. British peerage title holders are termed peers of the Realm.
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer, as well as certain officials such as some judges and members of the Scottish gentry. These styles are used "by courtesy" in the sense that persons referred to by these titles do not themselves hold substantive titles. There are several different kinds of courtesy titles in the British peerage system.
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The Peerage of the United Kingdom is one of the five Peerages in the United Kingdom. It comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain. New peers continued to be created in the Peerage of Ireland until 1898.
The House of Lords Act 1999 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The Act was given Royal Assent on 11 November 1999. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats ; the Act removed such a right. However, as part of a compromise, the Act did permit ninety-two hereditary peers to remain in the House. Another ten were created life peers to enable them to remain in the House.
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Following the enactment of the House of Lords Act 1999, the number of hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords was reduced to ninety-two. The Earl Marshal and the Lord Great Chamberlain were entitled to sit ex officio; the remaining ninety were elected by all the hereditary peers before the passing of the reform. Since November 2002, by-elections have been held to fill vacancies left by deaths, resignations or disqualifications of those peers. Since the passing of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014, by-elections have also been held to fill vacancies left by the retirements of those peers.